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GENERALTABLE OF CONTENTSTABLE OF CONTENTSJURYTABLE OF CONTENTSHOMICIDETABLE OF CONTENTSRECUSALTABLE OF CONTENTSMISCELLANEOUS CRIMESTABLE OF CONTENTS RELEVANT CONDUCT __________________________TABLE OF CONTENTSABUSE OF TRUSTSAFETY VALVETABLE OF CONTENTSTABLE OF CONTENTSRELEASETABLE OF CONTENTSJURY INSTRUCTIONSTABLE OF CONTENTSPARDON/PAROLETABLE OF CONTENTSUPWARDTABLE OF CONTENTSINDICTMENTSTABLE OF CONTENTSJURY INSTRUCTIONSTABLE OF CONTENTSMETHAMPHETAMINETABLE OF CONTENTSDOWNWARDTABLE OF CONTENTSINEFFECTIVE ASSISTANCE OF COUNSELTABLE OF CONTENTSPARDON/PAROLERESENTENCINGACCEPTANCE OF RESPONSIBILITYSENTENCING - GENERALINTERSTATE COMMERCEPLEA AGREEMENTSSENTENCING - GENERALRETROACTIVITYCONCURRENT/ CONSECUTIVEPORNOGRAPHY SENTENCING ENHANCEMENTS- GENERALSENTENCING ENHANCEMENTS- GENERALROBBERYSENTENCING ENHANCEMENTS- GENERALCRIMINAL HISTORYVULNERABLE VICTIMSEARCH AND SEIZURE - GENERALMONEY LAUNDERING OBSTRUCTION OF JUSTICEMONEY LAUNDERING SEARCH AND SEIZURE - KNOCK AND ANNOUNCETERRY AND TRAFFIC STOPSDEPARTURESTERRY AND TRAFFIC STOPSROLE ADJUSTMENTVIOLENCESENTENCING - ROLE ADJUSTMENT   OBSTRUCTION OF JUSTICEDRUG QUANTITYSENTENCING - PORNOGRAPHY RELEVANT CONDUCTROLE ADJUSTMENTSPEECH/ASSEMBLYSPEEDY TRIAL RELEASE/PROBATION/REVOCATIONAGGRAVATING ROLETRIAL PROCEDUREVENUE !USUS.,  _Xq[XXXXLXXXq[HH O= @XXLeA_J+FX_RрREVERSEDANDREMANDED(19992003)    XLX @    ThispublicationisaprojectoftheOfficeoftheFederalPublicDefenderfortheSouthernDistrictof $t Alabama.ThecasesinthisdocumentreflectreliefgiventoacriminaldefendantbyaUnitedStatesCourtof ` AppealsorbytheUnitedStatesSupremeCourt.Theeditordoesnotwarrantthecontinuingvalidityofthe L authoritycompiledherein. Therefore,itisimperativethatyouresearchthecurrentvalidityofthese  8 rulingsinyourjurisdiction .Theeditorencouragesusersofthispublicationtorefertotherationaleand  ( languageoftheciteddecisionsandnottorelysolelyonthestatedholdingofthedecisioninthispublication.   Theeditorhasprintedin boldprint thedecisionsoftheUnitedStatesCourtofAppealsfortheEleventh   Circuit,whicharecontrollingprecedentinthisdistrict.      ThepurposeofthisprojectistohelpCJApanelattorneysbygivingthemashortcuttocaselawthat |  favorstheirclients.Allcasesshouldberesearchedtodeterminetheircurrentvalidityinyourjurisdiction. h  Thesematerialsmaybeduplicatedbyorforanylawyerprovidinglegalservicestoindigentdefendants.The T  editorencouragesduplication.Thesematerialsmaybereprintedbyotherfreepublicationsorfreeonline @  providersservingthecriminaldefensebar. ,|   XXLEFFECTIVEASSISTANCEXLXԀisanewsletterpublishedbythisoffice.Itisdistributedaboutfourtimesa T year.Inadditiontoupdating ReversedandRemanded,thenewslettercontainsarticlesthatareintendedto @ behelpfultotheCJApanellawyers.Althoughthenewsletterhasasitsprimaryfocuslawyersinthisdistrict, , mostfeatureshaverelevancetofederalcriminalpracticegeneral.Lawyerswishingtoreceivefuture  publicationsshouldforwardanemailaddress,nameandphonenumbertothelocationbelow(preferablyby  email).Thispublicationhavealsobeenduplicatedonacompactdiscwhichisgenerallymadeavailableto  CJApanelattorneys.IthasalsobeenpublishedonthewebsiteoftheOfficeofthePublicDefenderforthe  SouthernDistrictofAlabama.  x    TheeditorwishestoacknowledgethehelpandsupportoftheattorneysandsupportstaffoftheOffice P ofthePublicDefenderfortheSouthernDistrictofAlabama,inparticularK.LynHillman.Esq.,KristenG. < Rogers,Esq.andChrisFeasterinthecompilationofthispublication. (x CarlosA.Williams,ExecutiveDirector !< ChristopherKnight,Editor,AssistantFederalDefender "(  2SouthWaterStreet,2ndFloor #! 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  #Xq[XXXL {#XLXXXq[Ԁ4:XO  5  GROUPING6[|Oo|Ԁ  7X: |4 : O  5  %  /DOUBLECOUNTING6}O}7  7 <J}%T} B   #Xq[XXXL;|#XLXXXq[Ԁ4<O  5  HOMICIDE6F~OZ~  7* ~ E   #Xq[XXXL&~#XLXXXq[Ԁ4>O  5  LOSSCALCULATION6^Or  7 H   #Xq[XXXL>#XLXXXq[Ԁ4OO  5  MONEYLAUNDERING6~O  7Ox K   #Xq[XXXL^#XLXXXq[Ԁ4OO  5  OBSTRUCTIONOFJUSTICE6O  7O N   #Xq[XXXL~#XLXXXq[Ԁ4IO  5  6ĂO؂  746XO  5  PORNOGRAPHY6iO}L~  7X"  Q   #Xq[XXXL#XLXXXq[Ԁ4MO  5  RECKLESSENDANGERMENT6Ox  7 Ƅ T   #Xq[XXXLd#XLXXXq[Ԁ4O  5  RELEVANTCONDUCT6O  7p  W   #Xq[XXXL#XLXXXq[Ԁ4O  5  ROLEADJUSTMENT6ɆO݆  7  !Z     #Xq[XXXL#XLXXXq[4R O  5  AGGRAVATINGROLE6Ox  7݆5 "]     #Xq[XXXLԇ#XLXXXq[Ԁ4T O  5  MITIGATINGROLE6O2x  7݊` #`    #Xq[XXXL#XLXXXq[Ԁ4VO  5  SAFETYVALVE6<OPx  7 ~ $c!!   #Xq[XXXL#XLXXXq[Ԁ4XO  5  VULNERABLEVICTIM6WOkx  7` %f"" 4ZHO  5  SEVERANCE6"O6  7d &i## 4\HO  5  SPEECH/ASSEMBLY6O  7 ' 'l$$ 4BHO  5  SPEEDYTRIAL6O  7  (o%% 4GHO  5  SUPERVISEDRELEASE/PROBATION/REVOCATION6tO  7ݠ )r&& 4c HO  5  TRIALPROCEDURE6UOi  7  *u'' 4e HO  5  VARIANCE6O2  7|` +x(( 4g HO  5  VENUE6O   7"  ,{)) _J 9H   %  99WoOa'8LXXdd8_Jw-W7K\LE/NNPL<Y W mW 49C D2C_LPEEG_c/N FxO=KFX!L";%xO$L#L&L(W*#)/N,W-P0W9L: Y3Y6P<Y>)/gA\LE?WHALG/gM/VOCLSILUJ_cVLYXNP\_cQHLAIDINGANDABETTING/ACCESSORIES%  XXLUnitedStatesv.Gallo,195F.3d1278(11thCir.1999)(Reasonableforeseeabilityrequiredtoenhancedrugsentencebased { oncoconspiratorspossessionoffirearm). #XLX׏#  =  XXLUnitedStatesv.Maloof,205F.3d819(5thCir.2000)(Conclusionthatthreeotheremployeeswereparticipantsincriminalactivity, L withoutfirstdeterminingthateachwasresponsibleforthecommissionofanoffense,waserror.).#XLX׶#    XXLUnitedStatesv.Cherry,211F.3d575(10thCir.2000)(remandtodetermineifcodefendantwhodrovetomurderscenewaspart c  ofconspiracytomurderandresponsibleunderPinkertontheory).#XLX#  '   XXL 4REHO  5  TableofContents6|OVANT  7RE #XLXW#  4  %  APPEALS%q    XXLMcHalev.UnitedStates,175F.3d115(2ndCir.1999)(properremedywherecounselfailstoperfectadirectappealandineffective _  assistanceisclaimedin2255motionisforCourtofAppealstorecallmandatedismissingdirectappealandreinstatetheappeal; #  itisnotnecessarytoshowthatappealhadmerit). D Tolbertv.Page,182F.3d677(9thCir.1999)(defendantentitledtodeferentialreviewofBatsonclaim,overrulingTurnerv. o Marshall,63F.3d807(9thCir.1995)).#XLXײ#XXL 3 Dillonv.UnitedStates,184F.3d556(6thCir.1999)(noticeofappealneednotnameappellatecourtaslongasonlyoneavenue  ofappealavailable).#XLXU#XXL  UnitedStatesv.Robinson,187F.3d516(5thCir.1999)(novoluntarywaiverofrighttoappeal;twopriorstateconvictionswhich d werepartofcommonschemetreatedasoneforcareeroffenderpurposes).#XLXe#XXL ( Creasev.McKune,189F.3d1188(10thCir.)(harmlesserrorstandard,notplainerrorstandard,appliestoclaimederrorofjudge S communicatingwithjuroroutsidedefendantspresence)#XLXפ#XXL. t UnitedStatesv.PortilloCano,192F.3d1246(9thCir.1999)(CourtofAppealshadjurisdictiontodeterminewhetherpleawasvalid  inordertoassessenforceabilityofdefendantspurportedwaiverofrighttoappeal). c  #XLX֡#XXLSmithv.Robbins,120S.Ct.746(2000)(statesarefreetoadoptproceduresdifferentfromthoseinAndersv.California,386U.S. H" 738(1967),solongasthoseproceduresprotectindigentdefendantsrighttoappellatecounsel;arguableissues,thoughwholly  # frivolous,neednotberaised;butarguableissuesinthenormalsenserequiremeritsbrief;CaliforniasWendeprocedure,under s$ whichcounselremainssilentonthemeritsofthecaseandofferstobriefissuesatthecourtsdirection,comportswiththe 7 % requirementsofdueprocessandequalprotectionundertheFourteenthAmendment).#XLXI#XXL  X& Hughesv.Booker,203F.3d894(5thCir.2000)(presumptionofprejudicefromconstructivedenialofappellatecounsel).#XLX@#XXL "( Harrisv.Day,226F.3d361(5thCir.2000)(constructivedenialofeffectiveassistanceofcounselwhereAndersbrieffailedto  $h!* mentionanyarguableissuesonappeal). $,"+ UnitedStatesv.Centracchio,236F.3d812(7thCir.2001)(governmentappealunder18U.S.C.3731ofgrantingofmotionto W&#- suppressisrequiredpriortojeopardyattachinganddivestsdistrictcourtofjurisdictionuntiltheappealisdecided).#XLX#XXL 'x$. #XLXf#XXL#XLX#XXL UnitedStatesv.Grant,256F.3d1146(11thCir.2001)(Noticeofappealcontainingonlyonecasenumberwassufficientto (&0 appealallconvictions).  e)&1 #XLX#XXLUnitedStatesv.Vonn,122S.Ct.1043,152L.Ed.2d90(2002)(DefendantwholetsRule11errorpassindistrictcourtmustsatisfy *H(3 Rule52(b)splainerrorrequirements.). + )4 UnitedStatesv.Stubbs,279F.3d402(6thCir.2002)(Districtcourtplainlyerredinsentencingdefendantforcrimeofusingor 7-*6 carryingfirearminconnectionwithdrugtraffickingcrime,whichcrimewasadifferentoffensethanthechargedcrimeofconspiracy; -X+7 misinformationregardingsentencingrendereddefendantsguiltypleainvoluntarysothatappealwaiverwasnotbinding.).#XLX#XXL .,8 7K 7X 7  Ramirezv.AttorneyGeneral,280F.3d87(2ndCir.2001)(Counselsletterapplicationtohigheststatecourtforleavetoappeal  convictionsufficientlypresentedissueofineffectiveassistance).#XLX#XXL g UnitedStatesv.Patzer,284F.3d1043(9thCir.2001)(Governmentcannotargueonpetitionforrehearingacompletelydifferent L theorytojustifysearchifitwasnotarguedininitialresponsebriefonappeal.).  UnitedStatesv.MolinaTarazon,285F.3d807(9thCir.2002)(Governmentfailedtojustifybyshowingofdiligenceandsubstantial ; needfilingoffatbrief.).#XLX׈#XXL \ Johnsonv.Chapman,288F.3d1215(10thCir.2002)(Failureofpetitionersstateappellatecounseltoperfectappealwasineffective    assistanceofcounsel,andpetitionerwouldbereleasedunlessstategrantedhimanoutoftimeappeal.). K   #XLXר#XXL#XLX&#XXLCoxv.UnitedStates,294F.3d959(8thCir.2002)(Wherecounselpromisedtopetitionforcertioraributfailedto,judgment  0  affirmingconvictionwouldbevacatedandnewjudgmententeredtoallowtimelyfilingofthepetition.).#XLXi#XXL   Marshallv.Hendricks,307F.3d36(3rdCir.2002)(inadequaterecordtodetermineiftrialcounselsassistanceatpenaltyphaseof |  capitaltrialwasdeficient).#XLXװ#XXL @  UnitedStatesv.Curry,237F.3d598(6thCir.2000)(remandnecessarytodeterminewhetherdistrictcourtappliedcorrectreview k  standard(clearlyerroneousstandard)inreinstatingallegationstowhichmagistratefoundlackofprobablecause;districtcourt / requiredtoallowdefendanttoallocutepriortoimposingsentence).#XLX̵#XXL P 4  HO  5  TableofContents6ѷO  7 #XLXי#XXL { #XLXת# %  APPRENDI/JONES% K#  1       `  XXLApprendiv.NewJersey#XLXש#,XXL530U.S.466(2000)(Otherthanthefactofapriorconviction,anyfactthatincreasesthepenaltyfora 8 particularcrimebeyondtheprescribedstatutorymaximummustbesubmittedtoajuryandprovedbeyondareasonabledoubt.).  $  UnitedStatesv.Matthews,178F.3d295(5thCir.1999)(carjackingconvictionreversedinlightof M Jonesv.UnitedStates,119S.Ct.1215,1228(1999))[Ed.note:convictionaffirmedafterremandat312F.3d652(5thCir.2002, n findingthaterrorwasharmless].  2      P     X   UnitedStatesv.Allen,190F.3d1208(11thCir.1999)(intenttouseasaweapona prohibitedobjectiselementofoffense [! andnotmerelysentencingfactor,followingJonesv.UnitedStates,119S.Ct.1215(1999)). z"  Castillov.UnitedStates,___U.S.___,120S.Ct.2090(2000)(Statutewhichincreasespenaltyforusingorcarryingafirearmin $ relationtoacrimeofviolencewhenthatfirearmisa machinegunstateselementofaseparate,aggravatedcrime,requiringproof e% ofthatelementbeyondareasonabledoubt,relyingonJonesv.UnitedStates,526U.S.227,234(1999).).  ) &  UnitedStatesv.Meshack,225F.3d556(5thCir.2000)(twolifesentencesreversedunderApprendiinlightofdeterminationofdrug ! ( quantitybycourtbyapreponderance). s") UnitedStatesv.Nordby,225F.3d1053(9thCir.2000)(failuretosubmitdrugquantitydeterminationtojurywasplainerrorinlight #X!+ ofApprendi).[Ed.note:Thiscasewasoverruledinpart,butnotinitsessentialholding,bytheNinthCircuitinUnitedStatesv. $", Buckland,289F.3d558(9thCir.2002)(enbanc).]. %"-  UnitedStatesv.Rogers,228F.3d1318(11thCir.2000)(wheredrugquantitywasneitherchargedintheindictmentnor  'h$/ proventothejurybeyondareasonabledoubt,defendanthadtobesentencedwithoutreferencetodrugquantity,following '*%0 Apprendiv.NewJersey,120S.Ct.2348,147L.Ed.2d435(2000),andoverrulingatleastinpartorbyimplication,United (%1 Statesv.Hester,199F.3d1287(11thCir.2000),cert.granted,judgmentvacatedandremanded,2000WL797322(2000)).  Q)&2 \L  X   [Ed.note:Theessentialholdingofthiscase,whilenotoverruled,waslimitedintheholdingofUnitedStatesv.Sanchez,269  F.3d1250,1278(11thCir.2001)(enbanc),whichheldthatfailuretoallegedrugquantityintheindictmentandfailureto e submitthequantityissuetoajurydidnotdivestthedistrictcourtofjurisdiction.Sanchezisinaccordwiththelater ' SupremeCourtdecisioninUnitedStatesv.Cotton,535U.S.625(2002)].  F Burtonv.UnitedStates,237F.3d490(5thCir.2000)(lifesentenceexceededstatutorymaximumforallegedoffense!possession o ofcocainebasewithintenttodistribute). 3 UnitedStatesv.Jemison,237F.3d911(7thCir.2001)(2concurrent66monthsentencesimproperwherestatutorymaximumwas  60months).    UnitedStatesv.Butler,238F.3d1001(8thCir.2001)(failuretoallegedrugquantityinindictmentandfailuretosubmitissuetojury  d  wasplainerrorrequiringresentencing).  (  UnitedStatesv.Bandy,239F.3d802(6thCir.2001)(treatinguseofshort-barreledshotgunassentencingfactorratherthanelement S  ofcrimeviolatedApprendi). t  UnitedStatesv.Edmonds,240F.3d55(D.C.Cir.2001)(characterofschool,asdefinedin18U.S.C.860(a),iselementofoffense   whichmustbeprovedbeyondreasonabledoubtinprosecutionforpossessingcocainebasewithin1,000feetofschool). c  UnitedStatesv.Westmoreland,240F.3d618(7thCir.2001)(failuretosubmitissueofdrugquantitytojurywasreversibleplain H error).   UnitedStatesv.Jackson,240F.3d1245(10thCir.2001)(drugquantitiesnotallegedinindictment).[Ed.note:UnderUnitedStates 7 v.Cotton,535U.S.625(2002),thisdoesnotdivestthedistrictcourtofjurisdiction.].   X UnitedStatesv.Ramirez,242F.3d348(6thCir.2001)(Drugstatutesprogressionofincreasedmandatoryminimumpenaltiesbased  inpartonthequantityofdrugspossessedinvokes,underApprendi,thefullrangeofconstitutionalprotectionsrequiredfor elements G ofthecrime;andthusadefendantconvictedofconspiracytodistributecocaineandattempttopossesscocainewithintentto  h distributehadtobesentencedundersubsectionprovidingnomandatoryminimumsentencewhereindictmentchargedtheoffenses , onlyingenerallanguageandthejurydidnotfindbeyondareasonabledoubtthatthedefendantpossessedtheminimumamount  requiredforimpositionofmandatoryminimumpenaltiesunderothersubsections.). W UnitedStatesv.Fields,242F.3d393(D.C.Cir.2001)(FailuretohavejurydeterminedrugquantitywasplainerrorunderApprendi <! andnotharmlesswheredefendantreceivedlifesentence;enhancementimproperwherejurydidnotfindbeyondreasonabledoubt " thatmurderwasobjectofkidnapping.). g# UnitedStatesv.Garcia,242F.3d593(5thCir.2001)(Withoutjurydetermination,defendantssentencecouldnotexceedstatutory L% defaultmaximumprovidedby21U.S.C.841(b)(1)(D).). & UnitedStatesv.Thomas,246F.3d438(5thCir.2001)(amountofcrackcocainedefendantpossessedwasfactwhichincreased ;!( penaltybeyondstatutorymaximumandresultedinunconstitutionalsentenceunderApprendi). !\) UnitedStatesv.Noble,246F.3d946(7thCir.2001)(failuretochargedrugquantityinindictmentandsubmitissuetojurywasplain # + errorrequiringresentencing). K$!, UnitedStatesv.Bradford,246F.3d1107(8thCir.2001)(Apprendiviolationsoccurredwheretherewasnojuryfindingofdrug %0#. quantityanditwasunclearwhetherdefendantshadpriordrugconviction). `  &#/ UnitedStatesv.Jackson,240F.3d1245(10thCir.2001)(Errorsinsentencingbasedondrugquantitiesnotallegedinindictment (|%1 requiredreversal.). P  (@&2 UnitedStatesv.VelascoHeredia,249F.3d963(9thCir.2001)(Determinationofdrugquantitybypreponderancebycourtrather k*'4 thanbyjurybeyondareasonabledoubtviolatedApprendieventhoughtermofimprisonmentimposedwaswithinrangeapplicable /+(5 toadmitteddrugquantity,becausetermofsupervisedreleaseexceededtermofadmitteddrugquantity.). +P)6 UnitedStatesv.Strayhorn,250F.3d462(6thCir.2001)(Apprendiobjectionadequatelypreserved,anddistrictcourtsdrugquantity, {-*8 relevantconduct,findingviolatedApprendialthoughitdidnotexceedthedefaultstatutorymaximumforadefendantwithaprior ?.+9 felonydrugconviction.). /`,: -W - -  UnitedStatesv.Ray,250F.3d596(8thCir.2001)(Apprendiviolationwarrantedresentencingbecausedefendantsubjectedtohigher  statutorymaximumwithoutjurydeterminationofdrugquantity.). g UnitedStatesv.Barnes,251F.3d251(1stCir.2001)(TermofsupervisedreleaseviolatedApprendi.). L UnitedStatesv.Fields,251F.3d1041(D.C.Cir.2001)(Plainerroroccurredwhencourtimposedlifesentencesfordrugconspiracy w inabsenceofjuryfindingsrequiredbyApprendi.). ; UnitedStatesv.VasquezZamora,253F.3d211(5thCir.2001)(Becausegovernmentfailedtostatequantityofdrugsinindictment   andproveitbeyondareasonabledoubttojury,Apprendilimitssentencetosixtymonthsinprisonandathreeyearsupervised    releaseterm). K   UnitedStatesv.Martinez,253F.3d251(6thCir.2001)(Sentencesof210and240monthsinprisonformarijuanaconspiracywere  0  plainerrorunderApprendi.).   UnitedStatesv.Angle,254F.3d514(4thCir.2001)(enbanc)(RemandedfordrugquantityfindingsasrequiredbyApprendi). |  UnitedStatesv.Alvarez,254F.3d725(8thCir.2001)(Sentenceinexcessof20yearsfordrugconspiracyconvictionvacated   becausejurymadenodrugquantityfinding). k  UnitedStatesv.Cernobyl,255F.3d1215(10thCir.2001)(SentenceinexcessofstatutorymaximumviolatedApprendi). P  UnitedStatesv.Nguyen,255F.3d1335(11thCir.2001)(DistrictcourtmustbasedefendantsoffenselevelsforRICO { conspiracyconvictionsolelyonpredicateactsthateitherthejuryfoundthedefendantscommittedoractsthatthecourt = findswereprovenbeyondareasonabledoubt).  \  UnitedStatesv.Maynie,257F.3d908(8thCir.2001)(Governmentserrorofnotallegingdrugquantityinsupersedingindictment  seriouslyaffectedfairnessandintegrityofdefendantssentencingfordrugconspiracy).  G   UnitedStatesv.Campbell,259F.3d293(4thCir.2001)(SentenceinexcessofstatutorymaximumviolatedApprendi.). ,  UnitedStatesv.Randle,259F.3d319(5thCir.2001)(SentenceinviolationofstatutorymaximumwasplainerrorunderApprendi W wherenojurydeterminationofdrugquantity.).  x   UnitedStatesv.Gonzalez,259F.3d355(5thCir.2001)(plainerrorunderApprendiwheresentenceimposedwasinexcessof " statutorymaximum).  e#  UnitedStatesv.Longoria,259F.3d363(5thCir.2001)(Whereindictmentdoesnotspecifydrugquantity,courtlacksjurisdiction H% toimposesentenceunderApprendi.).  & UnitedStatesv.Cotton,261F.3d397(4thCir.2001)(Impositionofsentencesforcrimeswithwhichdefendantswerenevercharged, 7!( whichresultedfromfailuretochargeathresholddrugquantityinindictmentandsubmitittojurywasreversibleplainerrorunder !X) Apprendi.).[Ed.note:TheU.S.SupremeCourtreversedthisrulingandheldthatfailuretochargedrugquantityintheindictment " * didnotdeprivethedistrictcourtofjurisdictionanddidnotviolateApprendi,UnitedStatesv.Cotton,535U.S.625(2002)]. # + UnitedStatesv.Smith,264F.3d518(5thCir.2001)(Districtcourtplainlyerredbyfailingtosubmitdrugquantityissuetojury.).  %h"- UnitedStatesv.Baptiste,264F.3d578(5thCir.2001)(Failuretoallegedrugquantityinindictmentsandtosubmitissuetojury &#/ precludedenhancementsinexcessofstatutorymaximums.). W'$0 UnitedStatesv.Smith,267F.3d1154(D.C.Cir.2001)(Useofpreponderancestandardtodeterminepredicateoffensefor (<&2 conspiracyduringsentencingwasplainerror;upwarddeparturebasedonpriorunchargedconductwasnotwarranted.). )'3 UnitedStatesv.Dinnal,269F.3d418(4thCir.2001)(30 yearsentenceinexcessofstatutorymaximumwasplainerrorwheredrug ++(5 quantitynotallegedintheindictment.). +L)6 UnitedStatesv.Bailey,270F.3d83(1stCir.2001)(FailuretosubmitdrugquantityissuetojurywaserrorunderApprendiandwas w-*8 notharmless.). ;.+9  .\,: N  Xw    Gibsonv.UnitedStates,271F.3d247(6thCir.2001)(LackofjuryfindingofquantityofmarijuanaplantswasApprendiviolation.). X UnitedStatesv.Adkins,274F.3d444(7thCir.2001)(Sentenceofdefendanttomorethandefaultmaximumof240monthsin  violationofApprendirequiredremand.). L UnitedStatesv.Thomas,274F.3d655(2ndCir.2001)(enbanc)(Failuretochargedrugtypeandquantityinindictmentortosubmit , questionofdrugtypeandquantitytojuryissubjecttoplainerrorreview,overrulingUnitedStatesv.Tran;andiftypeandquantity  ofdrugsmaybeusedtoimposesentenceabovestatutorymaximum,thenthoseareelementsofoffensewhichmustbechargedin \ indictmentandsubmittedtojury,overrulingUnitedStatesv.MonkandUnitedStatesv.Compuzano.). x  UnitedStatesv.Martinez,274F.3d897(5thCir.2001)(improperupwarddeparturesimposingconsecutivesentencesbeyond    guidelinerangeandstatutorymaximum).  l    UnitedStatesv.Graham,275F.3d490(6thCir.2001)(Concurrent30yearsentencesonbasisofconspiracyinvolvingnotmorethan L  100marijuanaplantsviolatedApprendi.).    UnitedStatesv.Guevara,277F.3d111(2ndCir.2001)(UnderApprendi,itwasplainerrortosentencedefendanttoastatutory @  minimumterm30monthsgreaterthanheotherwisecouldhavereceivedasaresultoffailuretopresentdrugquantityissuetojury.).  \     UnitedStatesv.Campbell,279F.3d392(6thCir.2002)(Defendants120monthsentenceafterconvictionforuseoftelephoneto  facilitateanarcoticsconspiracyviolatedApprendi.).  N  UnitedStatesv.Benenhaley,281F.3d423(3rdCir.2002)(lifesentenceexceedingstatutorymaximumunderdrugtraffickingstatute , impermissibleunderApprendi).    UnitedStatesv.Henry,282F.3d242(3rdCir.2002)(DistrictcourtsdeterminationofdrugquantityandidentityviolatedApprendi v andwasnotharmless.).  :  UnitedStatesv.Yu,285F.3d192(2ndCir.2002)(Yushouldhavebeensentencedunder21U.S.C.841(b)(1)(C)sincethecourt, h notthejury,madedrugquantitydetermination.).  ,  UnitedStatesv.Rodriguez,285F.3d759(9thCir.2002)(Lifesentencebasedonfindingatsentencingbypreponderancethat   defendanthaddistributedinexcessof1000kgofmarijuanawasplainerrorunderApprendi.). v    4 HO  5  UnitedStatesv.Humphrey,287F.3d422(6thCir.2002)(Failuretodeterminedrugquantitybeyondareasonabledoubtviolated T" Apprendiwhenitresultedinincreaseofstatutorypenaltiesapplicabletodefendanteventhoughhissentencedidnotexceedstatutory # maximum.).6lOG  7 j $ UnitedStatesv.Burrell,289F.3d220(2ndCir.2002)(lifesentencereversedwheretrialcourtmadedrugquantityfindingby d & preponderance). ( ' UnitedStatesv.Pauley,289F.3d254(4thCir.2002)(Indictmentwhichfailedtospecifythresholdquantityofdrugsviolated !X) Apprendi.). t" * UnitedStatesv.Jordan,291F.3d1091(9thCir.2002)(Lifesentenceforoffensesinvolvingmorethan50gramsofmethamphetamine #!, violatedApprendibecausedrugquantitiesnotdeterminedbyjurybeyondareasonabledoubt.). $h"- UnitedStatesv.Doe,297F.3d76(2ndCir.2002)(Sentenceexceedingstatutorymaximumforunquantifieddrugoffenseswasplain H&#/ error.).  '$0  UnitedStatesv.Solis,299F.3d420(5thCir.2002)(reversedandremandedduetoinsufficientevidenceandApprendierrors).  (<&2  UnitedStatesv.Cleaves,299F.3d564(6thCir.2002)(Plainerrorresultedwherethedistrictcourtfailedtoinstructthejuryto *'4 determineboththetypeofdruganddrugquantity.Reversibleerroroccurredduringthepostverdictdeterminationofthedrug *(5 amountandfollowingdecisionstoforegoaspecialverdictastodrugtype).  +J)6  UnitedStatesv.Timmins,301F.3d974(9thCir.2002)(Courterroneouslydeterminedthatdefendantwascompetenttodeclinea (-*8 pleabargain;294monthsentenceforunarmedbankrobberyexceededthe20yearstatutorymaximumandwasreducedto240 -+9 months.).  .X,:  t/-; /N  XX   UnitedStatesv.Allen,302F.3d1260(11thCir.2002)(Apprendiviolationforimposinglifesentencesinexcessofstatutory X maximumrequiredreversal.).   UnitedStatesv.Bartholomew,310F.3d912(6thCir.2002)(Impositionofsentenceinexcessof60monthstatutorymaximumwas  plainerror.).  H  UnitedStatesv.Flowal,234F.3d932(6thCir.2000)(Defendantwasentitledtohavejurydeterminebeyondareasonabledoubt & thequantityofdrugshepossessed.).    4! HO  5  TableofContents6nO  7   p %  XLXARGUMENT%<#XXLJ#     UnitedStatesv.Francis,170F.3d546(6thCir.1999)(impropervouchingforgovernmentwitness,improperreferencetoplea  L  agreementsoftwowitnesses,improperbolsteringofagentscredibility,improperattackondefendantscredibility).  h    UnitedStatesv.Watson,171F.3d695(D.C.Cir.1999)(prosecutorsmisstatementofevidenceinclosingargumentwarrantednew   trial). Z  UnitedStatesv.Mastrangelo,172F.3d288(3rdCir.1999)(prosecutorsmisstatementoftermsofstipulationrequiredreversal). :  Shurnv.Delo,177F.3d662(8thCir.1999)(prosecutorsclosinginsentencingphaseofcapitaltrialviolateddueprocess;denial j ofhabeaspetitionreversedinpart). .  4" HO  5  6- OA   7 Ho % % %%  4# HO  5  TableofContents6 O   7 5      % ( XLXATTORNEYS%( #XXL # < UnitedStatesv.Bailey,175F.3d966(11thCir.1999)(attorneymaybeentitledtoreimbursementforreasonablecostofsuit B ofclothingforhisclient).   UnitedStatesv.Ortlieb,274F.3d871(5thCir.2001)(Districtcourtlackedauthoritytosuspendfrompracticeoflawattorneyheld 0 incontemptforvulgardisplaysduringbenchconferences.). L UnitedStatesv.Wiseman,274F.3d1236(9thCir.2001)(abuseofdiscretionfordistrictcourttoallowattorneytotestify,inviolation |! ofattorneyclientprivilege,thatheadviseddefendantstheycouldnotserveastrustees). @"  UnitedStatesv.FigueroaArenas,292F.3d276(1stCir.2002)(Contemptorderagainstattorneywasvacatedbecauseshedidnot  $ filemotiontodismissorreassigncaseinbadfaith.).  %  4$ HO  5  TableofContents6/OC  7 q  j ' % * XLXCAREERENHANCEMENTS#XXL #%* !)  UnitedStatesv.Sacko,170F.3d227(1stCir.1999)(errortodelveintofactsofpriorstatutoryrapeconvictiontodeterminewhether #F!+ itwaspredicateoffenseunderACCA).  b$ ",  UnitedStatesv.Dueno,171F.3d3(1stCir.1999)(priorconvictionwasnotforcrimeofviolenceforcareeroffenderpurposes).  %#.  UnitedStatesv.McClain,171F.3d1168(8thCir.1999)(errorincountingmisdemeanorsasfeloniesinsentencingdefendantas n'%0 armedcareercriminal).  2(%1  UnitedStatesv.Jackson,177F.3d628(7thCir.1999)(crossappealbygovernmentresultedincareeroffenderenhancementunder )`'3 U.S.S.G.4B1.1). |*$(4 UnitedStatesv.Sacko,178F.3d1(1stCir.1999)(errortodelveintofactsofpriorstatutoryrapeconvictiontodeterminewhether @+(5 predicateoffenseunderACCA). ,)6 UnitedStatesv.CasarezBravo,181F.3d1074(9thCir.1999)(plainerrorinusingstateconvictionsaspredicateoffensesunder -4+8 careeroffenderguideline). P.+9  /,: E  XX,w   UnitedStatesv.Robinson,187F.3d516(5thCir.1999)(novoluntarywaiverofrighttoappeal;twopriorstateconvictionswhich X werepartofcommonschemetreatedasoneforcareeroffenderpurposes). `   UnitedStatesv.Thomas,211F.3d316(6thCir.2000)(Defendantsrapesoftwowomenconstitutedonepredicateepisodefor  purposeofsentencingunderACCA.). L UnitedStatesv.Ubakanma,215F.3d421(4thCir.2000)(failuretomakefactualfindingsregardingrestitutionrequiredremand). , UnitedStatesv.Peters,215F.3d861(8thCir.2000)(districtcourtshouldexercisediscretionindeterminingwhetherprior \ convictionwaspriorfelonyforcareeroffendersentencing). x  DeRoov.UnitedStates,223F.3d919(8thCir.2000)(suasponteremandbecauseoneofpredicateoffenseswasnota seriousdrug    offenseasrequiredby18U.S.C.924(e)).  l  UnitedStatesv.Pedragh,225F.3d240(2ndCir.2000)(Postoffenseconvictionscouldnotbeincludedas priorfelonyconvictions L  forpurposesofenhancingsentence.).   UnitedStatesv.Matthews,226F.3d1075(9thCir.2000)(Convictionrecordsandstatutesofconvictionmustbeintroducedto @  justifyACCAconviction.). \  UnitedStatesv.Franklin,235F.3d1165(9thCir.2000)(Districtcourtcouldnotrelyuponstatecourtchargingpapersfor  defendantspriorburglaryconvictionsandPSRinformationtoenhancesentenceundertheACCA.). P UnitedStatesv.Hoults,240F.3d657(7thCir.2001)(Priorconvictionundergeneralburglarystatuteforburglaryofbuildingwas 0 notcrimeofviolenceundercareeroffenderstatute.).  UnitedStatesv.Matthews,240F.3d806(9thCir.2001)(ACCAsentenceenhancementbasedonpriorburglaryconvictionscould |$ notbeimposedabsentbothconvictionrecordsandstatutes). @ UnitedStatesv.Romary,246F.3d339(4thCir.2001)(12yearoldsentencecouldnotbeconsideredforcareeroffenderpurposes). p UnitedStatesv.Brandon,247F.3d186(4thCir.2001)(Intenttomanufactureordistributewasnotinherentindefendantsprior P drugconvictionsothatconvictionwasnotseriousdrugfelonyforarmedcareercriminalpurposes.).  UnitedStatesv.Sparks,265F.32d825(9thCir.2001)(BecauseAlaskasburglarystatutehadbroaderdefinitionthanthatofthe D! ACCA,defendantspriorburglaryconvictioncouldnotbecounted.). `" UnitedStatesv.Gallaher,275F.3d784(9thCir.2001)(errortoenhancedefendantssentenceasarmedcareercriminalbasedon $ dischargedoffense). T% UnitedStatesv.Sparks,265F.32d825(9thCir.2001)(BecauseAlaskasburglarystatutehadbroaderdefinitionthanthatofthe 4 ' ACCA,defendantspriorburglaryconvictioncouldnotbecounted.).  (  UnitedStatesv.Miles,290F.3d1341(11thCir.2002)(Courtfailedtoarticulateonrecordfactthatpriorburglary "( * convictionswerecommittedonseparateoccasionsforpurposeofapplyingArmedCareerCriminalAct.).  B# + UnitedStatesv.SandovalVenegas,292F.3d1101(9thCir.2002)(defendantimproperlytreatedascareeroffenderbecauseoneof $p"- thepredicateoffenseswaschargedasgenericburglary,notburglaryofadwelling). %4#. UnitedStatesv.Richardson,313F.3d121(3rdCir.2002)(Categoricalapproachindeterminingwhetherdefendantusedweapon '$0 duringcommissionofjuvenileoffenseresultedinnotcountingpriorjuvenileadjudicationforACCApurposes.). '%1 UnitedStatesv.Jones,235F.3d343(7thCir.2000)(simpleassaultandbatteryheldnotacrimeofviolenceforcareeroffender `)'3 status). $*'4  4, HO  5  TableofContents6(O )  7 :) +T)6  % 2 XLXCARJACKING%2)#XXL)# 4-*8  UnitedStatesv.Applewhaite,195F.3d679(3rdCir.1999)(insufficientevidencetosupportcarjackingconvictions).  .,:  /N-; P  ,,   4- HO  5  TableofContents6?+OS+  7 +  X % 4 XLXCLOSURE/PUBLICTRIAL#XXL,#  %4, Brownv.Andrews,180F.3d403(2ndCir.1999)(closureoftrialduringundercoverofficerstestimonyviolateddefendantsright 4 topublictrial).  P  Bellv.Jarvis,198F.3d432(4thCir.1999)(violationofrighttopublictrialinclosingcourtroomsimplybecauseyoungvictimof ~ sexcrimewilltestify;appellatecounselineffectiveinnotraisingtheissue).  B Juddv.Haley,250F.3d1308(11thCir.2001)(Totalclosureofcourtroomduringsexualabusevictimstestimonyviolated    defendants6thAmendmentrighttoapublictrial.).     4. HO  5  TableofContents6b/Ov/  7 /  f   % 6 XLXCOMPETENCY/SANITY#XXL>0#%610    Holtv.Bowersox,191F.3d970(8thCir.1999)(remandnecessarytodeterminementalcompetencyduringperiodofpostconviction B  relief). ^ UnitedStatesv.Zedner,193F.3d562(2ndCir.1999)(districtcourthadsubstantialreasontodoubtdefendantscompetence,and  thuswasrequiredtoappointcounseltorepresenthimatcompetencyhearing). `    R Matav.Johnson,210F.3d324(5thCir.2000)(minimaldueprocessnotmetwherepetitionersoughttoabandonreviewinfederal 2 habeascaseandhiscompetencywasquestioned).  Comerv.Stewart,215F.3d910(9thCir.2000)(evidentiaryhearingrequiredtodeterminepetitionerscompetencetowithdraw ~& appealandvoluntarinessthereof.). B UnitedStatesv.Husband,226F.3d626(7thCir.2000)(remandtodetermineifuseofanesthetictoobtainevidencewasreasonable r whereitrendereddefendantunconscious). 6 McGregorv.Gibson,248F.3d946(10thCir.2001)(Writshouldhavebeengrantedbecausereasonablejudgeshouldhavehada   bonafidedoubtaboutpetitionerscompetence.). ! UnitedStatesv.Watson,260F.3d301(3rdCir.2001)(Prosecutioncouldnotaskexpertwitnessifdefendanthadrequisitemental b # stateconstitutingelementofchargedcrime.). &$ UnitedStatesv.Timmins,301F.3d974(9thCir.2002)(Courterroneouslydeterminedthatdefendantwascompetenttodeclinea V& pleabargain.). r ' UnitedStatesv.Mansoori,304F.3d635(7thCir.2002)(Allegedlydiminishedmentalcapacityispossiblegroundfordownward !) departureincocaineconspiracycase.). "f * UnitedStatesv.Ramirez,304F.3d1033(10thCir.2002)(Competencyevaluationisrequiredabsentfindingsofaninsufficient F$!, factualbasisforamotionforacompetencyevaluation.).  %"- Ellisv.Mullin,312F.3d1201(10thCir.2002)(Determinationthatpretrialpsychiatricreportwhichconcludedthatdefendantwas &:$/ competenttostandtrialdidnotbearonsanityattimeofoffensewasanunreasonabledeterminationofthefacts.). V'$0  4/ HO  5  TableofContents6:O:  7 :  (&2 % 8 XLXCONFLICTS#XXLz;#%8m; d* (4  UnitedStatesv.Messino,181F.3d826(7thCir.1999)(exclusionoftestimonytoremedyconflictofinterestwasabuseofdiscretion ,)6 becausetestimonywouldbehighlyprobativeanddisqualificationwouldnotdeprivedefendantto6thAmendmentrighttocounsel ,~*7 ofhischoice).  -B+8  Atleyv.Ault,191F.3d865(8thCir.1999)(writgrantedduetoconstitutionaldefectthatstatecourtsHollowayinquiryintoconflict "/,: ofinterestraisedbydefensecounselwas unreasonableapplicationofclearlyestablishedfederallaw).  /-; L   ,   Perillov.Johnson,205F.3d775(5thCir.2000)(attorneysactualconflictofinterestaffectedhisperformanceattrial).    Mickensv.Taylor,227F.3d203(4thCir.2000)(habeasreliefgrantedduetoattorneysactualconflictofinterest).  UnitedStatesv.Christakis,238F.3d1164(9thCir.2001)(remandedforhearingtodetermineifactualconflictofinterestincounsel f representingunindictedco-conspiratorpriortorepresentingdefendant). `  * UnitedStatesv.Davis,239F.3d283(2ndCir.2001)(actualconflictofinterest). `  Z  Kostev.Dormire,260F.3d872(8thCir.2001)(Writofhabeascorpusgrantedwherestatecourtheldthatdefendantcouldobtain 8   postconvictionreliefonclaimthathistrialcounselhadbeenineffectiveduetoconflictofinterestonlyifheshowedactual    prejudice;statecourtfailedtoconductinquirywhendefendantgavenoticeofpossibleconflictofinterest.).  h   Campbellv.Rice,265F.3d878(9thCir.2002)(Trialcourtsfailuretoinvestigatepossibleconflictofinterestwarrantedhabeasrelief F  becausestatecourtsdeterminationthatdefendantwasnotentitledtoreliefwascontrarytoclearlyestablishedfederallaw.).     UnitedStatesv.Schwarz,283F.3d76(2ndCir.2002)(defendantdeniedeffectiveassistanceofcounselbyunwaivableconflictof 8  interest;juryexposedtoprejudicialextrinsicinformation;insufficientevidencetosupportconvictionforobstructionofjustice).  T   Rubinv.Gee,292F.3d396(4thCir.2002)(Habeasreliefwarrantedwheretrialattorneyshadactualconflictofinterestwhich  adverselyaffectedtheirperformance.).  F  40 HO  5  TableofContents6FOF  7 F  $ % : XLXCONFRONTATION#XXLG#%:G R  Lillyv.Virginia,119S.Ct.1887(1999)(admissionofnontestifyingaccomplicesconfessionviolateddefendantsConfrontation X Clauserights).   UnitedStatesv.Gonzalez,183F.3d1315(11thCir.1999)(Bruton errornotharmless;insufficientevidenceofconspiracy L indrugcase;insufficientevidenceofusingorcarryingfirearminrelationtodrugtraffickingcrime;insufficientnoticeby j governmentofintenttoseeksentenceenhancementbasedonpriorconvictions).  , UnitedStatesv.Mayfield,189F.3d895(9thCir.1999)(abuseofdiscretionforfailuretosevertrials!mutuallyexclusivedefenses Z! presentedConfrontationClauseproblem). v" UnitedStatesv.AlMuqsit,191F.3d928(8thCir.1999)(ConfrontationClauserightsviolatedwhennontestifyingcodefendants $ postarreststatementswerepresentedtojuryinviolationofBruton). j% Lajoiev.Thompson,201F.3d1166(9thCir.2000)(preclusionofrelevantevidenceofpastabuseofvictimbythirdpartiesviolated J ' ConfrontationClauseandrighttocompulsoryprocess).     `  !( Lajoiev.Thompson,217F.3d663(9thCir.2000)(exclusionofevidenceofvictimspastsexual "> * abusebyothersduetopetitionersviolationnoticerequirementsofrapeshieldstatutesviolatedSixthAmendmentandwarranted Z#!+ habeasrelief). $!, UnitedStatesv.SauzaMartinez,217F.3d754(9thCir.2000)(failureofcourttogivelimitinginstructionwhenitadmittedpost %N#. arrestincriminatingstatementbycodefendantdirectlyimplicatingdefendantwasplainerror). j&$/ VincentV.Seabold,226F.3d681(6thCir.2000)(SixthAmendmentConfrontationClauseviolationsinadmittingtestimonyof '%1 policeofficerregardingpostarrest,custodialhearsaystatementsofcodefendantasdeclarationsagainstpenalinterestandin (^&2 admittingwitnessstestimonythatsecondcodefendanttoldherthatpetitionerandformercodefendanthadmurderedvictim). z)"'3 UnitedStatesv.McCleskey,228F.3d640(6thCir.2000)(nontestifyingaccomplicesstatementwasinadmissiblebothashearsay +(5 andasConfrontationClauseviolation,anderroneousadmissionwasnotharmless). +n)6 Redmondv.Kingston,240F.3d590(7thCir.2001)(confrontationrightabridgedwhendefendantprohibitedfromcross-examining N-*8 allegedstatutoryrapevictimaboutpriorfalseclaimthatshehadbeenforciblyraped). .+9  .~,: <Y <w  <  Brumleyv.Wingard,269F.3d629(6thCir.2001)(Admissionofincarceratedwitnesssvideotapeddepositionwithoutpriorfinding X ofunavailabilitywasunreasonableapplicationofclearlyestablishedSupremeCourtprecedentinOhiov.Roberts.).  Bullsv.Jones,274F.3d329(6thCir.2001)(Confrontationclauseviolation,includingadmissionofnontestifyingcodefendants L statements,hadinjuriouseffectandwarrantedhabeasrelief.). h      P     X      ` Calvertv.Wilson,288F.3d823(6thCir.2002)(Admissionofcustodialstatementofnontestifyingcodefendantviolated  ConfrontationClause,sincetherewerenocircumstantialguaranteesoftrustworthinesssufficienttoovercomepresumptionof \ unreliability.). x  Stapletonv.Wolfe,288F.3d863(6thCir.2002)(AdmissionofcodefendantstapedstatementtopoliceviolatedConfrontation    Clauseandwasnotharmless.).  l  Melendezv.Pliler,288F.3d1120(9thCir.2002)(Statecontemporaneousobjectionruledidnotbarconsiderationofpetitioners L  ConfrontationClauseclaim.).   UnitedStatesv.Adamson,291F.3d606(9thCir.2002)(Limitationoncrossexaminationofdefendantsbrotherviolateddefendants @  ConfrontationClauserightsandwasnotharmless.). \  Ryanv.Miller,303F.3d231(2ndCir.2002)(Policeofficerstestimonywashearsayimplicitlycontainingcodefendantsaccusation  ofthedefendantinviolationofConfrontationClause;allowanceoftestimonywasunreasonableapplicationofclearlyestablished P federallawandwasnotharmless.). l Lewisv.Wilkinson,307F.3d413(6thCir.2002)(Excerptsfromallegedrapevictimsdiarywereadmissibleonissuesofconsent  andimpropermotive,andexclusionfromevidencewasnotharmless;violationofrighttoconfrontvictim.). ` 41 HO  5  TableofContents6\O]  7 /] @  % < XLXCONSPIRACY#XXL]#%<] p  UnitedStatesv.Fuchs,218F.3d957(9thCir.2000)(failuretoinstructthatatleastoneovertactinfurtheranceofconspiracymust v haveoccurredduringthelimitationsperiodwasplainerror).  :   UnitedStatesv.Grissett,236F.3d452(8thCir.2001)(Defendantwhowithdrewfromconspiracymorethanfiveyearsfrom j! indictmentcouldnotbeprosecutedinfaceoflimitationsdefense.).  ."  UnitedStatesv.Pressler,256F.3d144(3rdCir.2001)(Convictionvacatedbecausegovernmentfailedtoproveagreementelement  $ ofheroinconspiracyconviction).  x%  UnitedStatesv.Desena,260F.3d150(2ndCir.2001)(insufficientevidencetosustainconvictionforconspiracytoassaultwith V ' dangerousweaponinaidofracketeering). !( UnitedStatesv.Rivera,273F.3d751(7thCir.2001)(insufficientevidencetoestablishdrugconspiracy;erroneousjuryinstruction). "J * UnitedStatesv.GarciaTorres,280F.3d1(1stCir.2002)(insufficientevidencethatdefendantknewhewasaidingdrugconspiracy). *$!, UnitedStatesv.Leveque,283F.3d1098(9thCir.2002)(ambiguousmailfraudindictment;insufficientevidencetoshowthat %Z#. defendanthadactualknowledgethatelkwastakeninviolationofMontanalawandinsufficientevidencetosupportconspiracy v&$/ allegations.). :'$0  UnitedStatesv.Thomas,284F.3d746(7thCir.2002)(insufficientevidencetosustainconspiracyconviction;lackofproofof (j&2 agreement;nostakeinsuccessofconspiratorssales).  ).'3  UnitedStatesv.Cruz,285F.3d692(8thCir.2002)(insufficientevidencetoprovedefendanthadconstructivepossessionofhouse  +(5 wheremethamphetaminewasfoundandinsufficientevidencetoproveconspiracy). +x)6 UnitedStatesv.Henning,286F.3d914(6thCir.2002)(plainerrorfordistrictcourt,whengrantingjudgmentofacquittaloncharge X-+8 ofconspiracytocommitbankfraud,toconsidereffectonviabilityofdefendantssubstantiveconvictionsofitsPinkertoncharge, .+9 thatjurycouldconvictdefendantofsubstantivecountseitherbaseduponhisownactsorbasedonactsofcoconspirators). .,: Ї UnitedStatesv.Vallejo,297F.3d1154(11thCir.2002)(insufficientfactualfindingstosupportsentencebaseduponmulti X objectconspiracy).   UnitedStatesv.Friedman,300F.3d111(2ndCir.2002)(insufficientevidencetoconvictofconspiracyinconnectionwithextortion F plot).  b   UnitedStatesv.Tocco,306F.3d279(6thCir.2002)(remandtoconsiderwhetherdefendantparticipatedinHobbsActconspiracy).    UnitedStatesv.Chance,306F.3d356(6thCir.2002)(Evidencedidnotsupportconvictionforconspiringtoobstructenforcement n ofstatecriminallaws.).  2   UnitedStatesv.Charles , 313F.3d1278(11thCir.2002)(insufficientevidencetoconvictforconspiracywheredefendantonly  `  drovecoconspiratorstocrimescene). ~ &   4> HO  5  TableofContents6YlOml  7 l    % D XLXCONTEMPT#XXL5m#%D(m 0   UnitedStatesv.Ortlieb,274F.3d871(5thCir.2001)(Districtcourtlackedauthoritytosuspendfrompracticeoflawattorneyheld 6  incontemptforvulgardisplaysduringbenchconferences.).    UnitedStatesv.FigueroaArenas,292F.3d276(1stCir.2002)(Contemptorderagainstattorneywasvacatedbecauseshedidnot ( filemotiontodismissorreassigncaseinbadfaith.).  D  4? HO  5  TableofContents6oOo  7 o  r % F XLXCONTINUANCE#XXLsp#%Ffp P  UnitedStatesv.Prochilo,187F.3d221(1stCir.1999)(denialofmotionforcontinuanceabuseofdiscretionwheredefendant  requestedtimetoretaincounselbecauseofdifferenceswithappointedcounsel).  j  UnitedStatesv.Santos,201F.3d953(7thCir.2000)(denialofmotiontocontinueduetocounselsschedulingconflictwasabuse H ofdiscretion;numerousevidentiaryerrorsnotharmless).      Leev.Kemna,534U.S.362,122S.Ct.877,151L.Ed.2d820(2002)(Denialofpetitionerscontinuancemotionsduetoabsent :" witnessviolateddueprocessanddidnotrestonindependentandadequatestatelawground.). V#  UnitedStatesv.Novation,271F.3d968(11thCir.2001)(Continuationoftrialforfourdaysduringwhichoneofdefendants % wasabsentformedicalreasonsviolatedthatdefendantsconstitutionalrights. ). H&  4@ HO  5  TableofContents6uOu  7 Eu  (!( % H XLXCONTINUINGCRIMINALENTERPRISE#XXLu#%Hu "V *  UnitedStatesv.Richardson,195F.3d317(7thCir.1999)(remandedfordismissalofCCEcountduetoimproperjuryinstructions).  \$",  Robinsonv.UnitedStates,196F.3d748(7thCir.1999)(defendantwhopledguiltydidnottherebywaivedoublejeopardyclaim %#. thatdefendantcouldnotbeconvictedofbothconspiracyandCCE;doublejeopardychallengenotbarredbyTeague).  &N$/  UnitedStatesv.McSwain,197F.3d472(10thCir.1999)(conspiracychargewaslesserincludedoffenseofCCEchargeforwhich ,(%1 defendantwasconvictedandrequiredvacationofconspiracyconviction) . (&2  UnitedStatesv.Brown,202F.3d691(4thCir.2000)(erroneousinstructiononCCEchargenotharmless;specialassessmentcould x* (4 notbeappliedforbothCCEandconspiracycharges;singleunitarysentenceforCCEandconspiracychargesimproper).  <+(5  UnitedStatesv.Flaharty,295F.3d182(2ndCir.2002)(DefendantscouldnotbeconvictedofbothCCEandlesserincludedoffense ,j*7 ofpossessionwithintenttodistribute.). -.+8 UnitedStatesv.Bass,310F.3d321(5thCir.2002)(SupervisoryrelationshipwaslackinginordertoproveCCEcount;.). /,: mW mX m  4A HO  5  TableofContents6.|OB|  7 p|  e % J XLXCOUNSEL/SELFREPRESENTATION#XXL }#%J| H  UnitedStatesv.Leopard,170F.3d1013(10thCir.1999)(lackofcounselatevidentiaryhearingtosupportenhancedsentencefor  dmethamphetamineconvictionrequiredreversal). ] Bellv.Hill,190F.3d1089(9thCir.1999)(DefendanthasconstitutionalrightunderSixthAmendmenttoappointedcounselfor B purposesofnewtrialmotion)     UnitedStatesv.Prochilo,187F.3d221(1stCir.1999)(denialofmotionforcontinuanceabuseofdiscretionwheredefendant /   requestedtimetoretaincounselbecauseofdifferenceswithappointedcounsel).   P   UnitedStatesv.Zedner,193F.3d562(2ndCir.1999)(districtcourthadsubstantialreasontodoubtdefendantscompetence,and y  thuswasrequiredtoappointcounseltorepresenthimatcompetencyhearing). `  =  Condev.Henry,198F.3d734(9thCir.1999)(righttocounseldeniedbyprecludingattorneyfromarguingtheoryofdefense; "  requestedjuryinstructiononsimplekidnappingshouldhavebeengiven;errortomodifyCaliforniapatternjuryinstructionto   removeimmediatepresencerequirementforrobbery). M UnitedStatesv.Hernandez.203F.3d614(9thCir.2000)(denialofselfrepresentationviolatedSixthAmendmentandrendered 2 defendantsguiltypleainvoluntary).  Hughesv.Booker,203F.3d894(5thCir.2000)(presumptionofprejudicefromconstructivedenialofappellatecounsel). !~     Roneyv.UnitedStates,205F.3d1061(8thCir.2000)(violationofruleentitlingpetitionertoappointedcounselonhismotionto  vacatesentencewasnotharmlesserror). m Bribiescav.Galaza,215F.3d1015(9thCir.2000)(prisonerimproperlydeniedrighttorepresenthimself). R Oldenv.UnitedStates,224F.3d561(6thCir.2000)(absenceofcounselatcriticalstagesoftrialrequiredremandfordetermination } ofwhetherdefendantsufferedprejudiceentitlinghimtonewtrial). A  Hoffmanv.Arave,236F.3d523(9thCir.2001)(Righttocounselviolatedduringpresentenceinterview,andTeague &" nonretroactivitydoctrinedidnotbarpetitionersFifthandSixthAmendmentclaimschallengingdenialofcounselduring # presentenceinterview.). Q$ LackawannaCountyDist.Attorneyv.Coss,121S.Ct.1567(2001)(Failuretoappointcounselisaconstitutionaldefectwarranting 6& habeasreliefwherepetitionerchallengescurrentsentenceonthegroundthatitwasenhancedbasedonanunconstitutionalprior  ' convictionwherecounselwasnotappointed.). a!( Lainfiestav.Artuz,253F.3d151(2ndCir.2001)(In28U.S.C.2254habeasaction,statecourtdeterminedthatrefusaltopermit "F * defendantscocounseltoconductcrossexaminationdidnotviolatedefendantsrighttocounselofchoice;federalappealscourt # !+ concludedthatthisdeterminationwasunreasonablebutwasharmlesserror). q$!, Fowlerv.Collins,253F.3d244(6thCir.2001)(Petitionerentitledtowritofhabeascorpusongroundthatstatecourtsacceptance %V#. ofhiswaiverofrighttocounselwasanunreasonableapplicationofestablishedSupremeCourtprecedent). &$/  Shepardv.UnitedStates,253F.3d585(11thCir.2001)(Havingdeterminedthatevidentiaryhearingwasneededon E(%1 prisoners28U.S.C.2255petition,districtcourtmustappointcounsel;failuretoappointcounselnotsubjecttoharmless )d&2 erroranalysis).  )&'3  Hallv.Moore,253F.3d624(11thCir.2001)(AbsenceofcounselatresentencinghearingviolatedpetitionersSixth M+(5 Amendmentrighttocounsel).  ,l)6 Huntv.Mitchell,261F.3d575(6thCir.2001)(Petitionerwasdeprivedofcounselduringpretrialperiodsoastogiveriseto -*8 presumptionofineffectiveassistanceofcounselunderCronic.). ].+9  !/~,: W    Greenv.UnitedStates,262F.3d715(8thCir.2001)(Indigentdefendantwasentitledtoappointmentofcounselforpostconviction  motion,anddenialofappointedcounselisnotsubjecttoharmlesserroranalysis.). g UnitedStatesv.Johnson,267F.3d376(5thCir.2001)(Orderprohibitingdefendantfromdiscussingcasewithcounselduring L overnightrecessviolateddefendantsSixthAmendmentrighttocounsel.).  Spearsv.Stewart,267F.3d1026(9thCir.2001)(Arizonawasnotentitledtobenefitfromproceduralbenefitsofitscounsel ; appointmentprovisionwhichfaciallycompliedwithChapter154ofAEDPAbecauseappointmentofcounseldidnotcomplywith \ timelinessrequirement.).   UnitedStatesv.AdelzoGonzalez,268F.3d772(9thCir.2001)(abuseofdiscretiontodenydefendantsmotiontosubstitutecounsel K   whereattorneythreatenedto sinkhimfor105yearssohewouldntbeabletoseehiswifeandchildren).  l  UnitedStatesv.Farmer,274F.3d800(4thCir.2001)(Defendantwholacksfundstohireattorneyhasdueprocessrighttohearing   todeterminewhetherseizedassetswerelegitimateandmightbeusedtofunddefense.). [  UnitedStatesv.Akins,276F.3d1141(9thCir.2002)(Defendantdidnotwaiverighttocounselbeforepleadingguiltytounderlying @  misdemeanordomesticviolencecharge,precludingconvictionofpossessionoffirearmafterconvictionofmisdemeanordomestic   violencecrime.). k  UnitedStatesv.Stubbs,281F.3d109(3rdCir.2002)(Districtcourtsfailuretomakeadequateinquirytodetermineifdefendant P madeknowingandintelligentwaiverofcounselduringmiddleoftrialwaserrorandwasnotharmless.).  Spearsv.Stewart,283F.3d992(9thCir.2002)(Arizonasuntimelyappointmentofcounselincapitalhabeascasewarrantedrelief.). ? UnitedStatesv.Davis,285F.3d378(5thCir.2002)(Appointmentofindependentcounseltorepresentdefendantatpenaltyphase $ ofcapitalmurdercaseviolateddefendantsrightsunderFaretta.).  Nordev.Keane,294F.3d401(2ndCir.2002)(Trialcourtsrefusaltoallowcounseltoconsultwithherclientduringperiodinwhich p defendantwasremovedfromcourtroomfordisruptivebehavioranditscommunicationwithhimthroughacourtofficerratherthan 4 throughcounseldepriveddefendantofhis6thAmendmentrighttocounsel.).  UnitedStatesv.AhumalaAguilar,295F.3d943(9thCir.2002)(Immigrationjudgedeprivedalienofstatutoryrighttocounselat #  groupdeportationproceeding;waiverofrighttoappealwasnotknowingandvoluntary.). D! Hamdiv.Rumsfeld,296F.3d278(4thCir.2002)(remandedbecausedistrictcourtdidnotconsidernationalsecurityimplications o# ofappointingcounselforAfghanistanwardetaineeandorderingunfetteredaccesstocounsel;however,governmentsmotionto 3$ dismisshabeaspetitionwasdenied). T% UnitedStatesv.Peppers,302F.3d120(3rdCir.2002)(inadequateinquirybydistrictcourtintodefendantsFarettarequest).  ' Manningv.Bowersox,310F.3d571(8thCir.2002)(Useofinformantstoelicitincriminatingstatementsfromdefendantafterhe "d) hadalreadybeenchargedviolateddefendantsrighttocounsel.). "( * UnitedStatesv.Lott,310F.3d1231(10thCir.2002)(Failuretoholdhearingonsubstitutionofcounselmotionunderharmlesserror S$!, standardrequiredremand.). %t"-  4B HO  5  TableofContents63OG  7 u  &#/ % M XLXCRUELANDUNUSUALPUNISHMENT#XXL#%M %(%1  Hendersonv.Norris,258F.3d706(8thCir.2001)(Lifesentenceimposedinstatecourtforfirstoffenseinvolvingdeliveryof.238 )0'3 gramsofcocainebaseviolatedtheEighthAmendment). *'4 Hendersonv.Norris,258F.3d70t6(8thCir.2001)(Lifesentencefordeliveryof.238gramsofcocainebaseviolated8th ,|)6 Amendment.). ,@*7 Andradev.AttorneyGeneral,270F.3d743(9thCir.2001)(DefendantssentenceunderCaliforniaThreeStrikeslawtolifeinprison k.+9 withnopossibilityofparolefor50yearsfortwocountsofpettytheftforshoplifting9videotapeswassogrosslydisproportionate //,: 49C 4,wX 4  tohiscrime,sothat,asapplied,thelawviolateddefendantsrightundertheEighthAmendmenttobefreefromcruelandunusual X punishmentandwasunreasonableinterpretationbystatecourtofSupremeCourtsdecisioninSolemv.Helm.).  Brownv.Mayle,283F.3d1019(9thCir.2002)(25yearslifesentenceforpettytheftviolated8thAmendmentproscriptionofcruel L andunusualpunishment.). h  4C HO  5  TableofContents6O  7 "   % X XLXDEFENSEEVIDENCE%X/THEORY#XXL# v  Grayv.Klauser,282F.3d633(9thCir.2002)(Arbitrarydenialofpetitionersrighttopresentadefenseandrefusaltoadmithearsay $   statementsimplicatingvictimsformerboyfriendwereconstitutionalerrorsandwerenotharmless.).    UnitedStatesv.Haney,287F.3d1266(10thCir.2002)(DistrictCourterredinfailingtoallowdefendanttoassertdefenseofduress p   inprosecutionforpossessionofescapeparaphernaliainprison.). 4   4O HO  5  TableofContents6jO~  7   b  XLX'L LDETAINERS#XXL9# @   Alabamav.Bozeman,121S.Ct.2079(2001)(ArticleIVbarsanyfurthercriminalproceedingsagainstdefendantheldunderthe  InterstateAgreementonDetainerswhenadefendantisreturnedtotheoriginalplaceofimprisonmentbeforetrial.).  Z     4P HO  5  TableofContents6O  7 @  8 % w XLXDISCOVERY/BRADY/JENCKS#XXLڭ#%w̭   X      f  Schledwitz.UnitedStates,169F.3d1003(6thCir.1999)(collectiveexculpatoryandimpeachingvalueofundisclosedevidence l requiredreversal). 0 UnitedStatesv.Ramirez,174F.3d484(5thCir.1999)(taperecordingsofconversationsbetweentwowitnessesdisclosableunder ` JencksActremandneededtodetermineGovernmentsculpability). |$ InreSealedCaseNo.993096(BradyObligations),185F.3d887(D.C.Cir.1999)(prosecutionhadBradyobligationtodisclose ! anycooperationagreementsbetweenwitnessandgovernment,evenifBradydisclosureobligationsdidnotapplytoevidence p" impeachingdefensewitnesses). 4# Spicerv.RoxburyCorrectionalInstitute,194F.3d547(4thCir.1999)(witnessspriorinconsistentstatementthathedidnotsee % petitionerondayofchargedoffensewasimpeachmentevidencethathadtobedisclosedunderBrady). & Moorev.Gibson,195F.3d1152(10thCir.1999)(stateappellatecourtsdeterminationthatunusualconductbydetectivesin `!( collectinghairandfibersampleswasnotmaterialforpurposesofBradywasunreasonable). $") Prouv.UnitedStates,199F.3d37(1stCir.1999)(informationseekingenhancedsentenceduetopriordrugconvictionmustbe #T!+ givenpriortotrial;failureofcounseltoobjectonthisgroundwasproceduraldefault;failureofcounseltoobjectonthisground p$", wasineffectiveassistance). 4%"-  UnitedStatesv.Rutherford,175F.3d899(11thCir.1999)(trialcourtmustdeterminewhatconfidentialinformants &d$/ testimonywouldhavebeenbeforedenyingdefendantsmotiontodiscloseinformantsnameswheredefendantpresented ~'&%0 misidentificationdefense;noticeofintenttoseekstatutoryenhancementmustlistdefendantspriorconvictions).  @(%1 UnitedStatesv.Riley,189F.3d802(9thCir.1999)(Agentsintentionaldestructionofnotesofinterviewwithconfidentialinformant )n'3 violatedJencksAct). *2(4 Whitev.Helling,194F.3d937(8thCir.1999)(inhabeasactiondistrictcourtshouldhavepermittedpetitionertointroduceevidence ,)6 thatwasnotofferedbeforestatecourts;withheldevidenceregardingtimingofvictimsidentificationofdefendantasrobberwas ,~*7 materialunderBrady). P  -B+8 UnitedStatesv.Osage,235F.3d519(10thCir.2000)(failuretoobjecttosearchofsealedcaninsuitcasedidnotpermitofficerto "/,: destroythecanorrenderitcompletelyuselessforintendedfunction). /-; D  X   UnitedStatesv.Thomas,239F.3d163(2ndCir.2001)(Governmentsfailuretodisclosedefendantsstatementsatadministrative  hearingrequiredreversal.).  Paradisv.Arave,240F.3d1169(9thCir.2001)(Notesofprosecutorregardingmedicalexaminersopinionregardingtimeand  locationofvictimsdeathwerematerialtoplaceofdeathandthusdiscoverableunderBrady.).  Boyettev.Lefevre,246F.3d76(2ndCir.2001)(Bradyviolationoccurredwhereprosecutionfailedtodisclosetodefensematerial i\ whichcouldhavesuggestedanalternativeperpetratororcouldhavehelpedimpeachvictim;statecourtinterpretationwas -  unreasonableapplicationofclearlyestablishedfederallawwhichwarrantedreliefundertheAEDPA).   Boyettev.Lefevre,246F.3d76(2ndCir.2001)(Bradyviolationoccurredwhereprosecutionfailedtodisclosetodefensematerial y l  whichcouldhavesuggestedanalternativeperpetratororcouldhavehelpedimpeachvictim;statecourtinterpretationwas = 0  unreasonableapplicationofclearlyestablishedfederallawwhichwarrantedreliefundertheAEDPA).   Lekav.Portuondo,257F.3d89(2ndCir.2001)(Eyewitnessevidenceofanoffdutypoliceofficerwhoobservedthecrimefromthe  |  secondfloorwindowofhisapartmentwasmaterialandfavorabletodefenseforBradypurposes;delayeddisclosuretodefense, M@  whowasidentifiedninedaysbeforeopeningstatementsandtwentythreedaysbeforedefensebeganitscase,was suppression   forBradypurposes).   UnitedStatesv.Schwarz,259F.3d59(2ndCir.2001)(limitedremandtoconsiderBradyclaims). ]P Mitchellv.Gibson,262F.3d1036(10thCir.2001)(reasonableprobabilityofdifferentsentencingoutcomeresultingfrom  governmentswithholdingevidence).  Bossv.Pierce,263F.3d734(7thCir.2001)(StateunreasonablyappliedfederallawunderBradywhenitheldthatevidence 1$ suppressedbystatewhichwasfavorabletodefendantswasnotmaterial.).  Dilosav.Cain,279F.3d259(5thCir.2002)(StatecourtincorrectlyappliedBradyprincipleandengagedinunreasonableapplication }p ofBradymaterialityrule.). A4 Silvav.Woodford,279F.3d825(9thCir.2002)(abuseofdiscretionfordistrictcourttofailtoconductevidentiaryhearingonBrady  claim).   UnitedStatesv.Gil,297F.3d93(2ndCir.2002)(remandedforBradyviolation). " Sawyerv.Hofbaufer,299F.3d605(6thCir.2002)(Byfailingtoaddresshestatesnondisclosureofnegativeforensictest,the $ stateappellatecourtengagedinanunreasonableapplicationoffederallawresultinginasufficientgroundforrelease). aT% Mendezv.Artuz,303F.3d411(2ndCir.2002)(Suppressionofmaterialevidencethatthirdpartyincustodyinanotherjurisdiction ' hiredhitmantokillshootingvictimwasBradyviolationrequiringhabeasrelief.).  (  4Q HO  5  TableofContents6|O  7   5"( * % [ XLXDRUGS#XXLX#%[K  #!, UnitedStatesv.Moreno,181F.3d206(2ndCir.1999)(remandnecessarytodetermineamountofpowdercocainedistributed). k%^#. UnitedStatesv.OrdunoAguilera,183F.3d1138(9thCir.1999)(insufficientevidencetoproveesterderivativesofdrugspromoted &$0 musclegrowth,asrequiredtoprovedrugswereanabolicsteroids). '%1 UnitedStatesv.Reliford,210F.3d285(5thCir.2000)(insufficientevidenceofattempteddistributionofcrackcocaine). ?)2'3 Wattersonv.UnitedStates,219F.3d232(3rdCir.2000)(noevidencethatdefendantdistributedcontrolledsubstancewithin1000 *(5 feetofschoolzone). +~)6 UnitedStatesv.Edmonds,240F.3d55(D.C.Cir.2001)(Characterofschool,asdefinedin18U.S.C.860(a),iselementof -+8 offensewhichmustbeprovedbeyondreasonabledoubtinprosecutionforpossessingcocainebasewithin1,000feetofschool.). -+9 UnitedStatesv.Neuhausser,241F.3d460(6thCir.2001)(insufficientevidencetosupportTravelActconviction). _/R-; 2C 2w,X  2  UnitedStatesv.Corral-Gastelum,240F.3d1181(9thCir.2001)(evidenceofmereproximitytomarijuanainsufficienttoconvict  in21U.S.C.846prosecution).  UnitedStatesv.Soler,275F.3d146(1stCir.2002)(failureofgovernmentsproofthatdefendantpossessedwithintenttodistribute h heroinwithin1,000feetofschool). ,  UnitedStatesv.Cano,289F.3d1354(11thCir.2002)(insufficientevidencetoprovedefendantpossessedmarijuanaduring \ relevanttimeperiod).  v UnitedStatesv.HernandezBautista,293F.3d845(5thCir.2002)(Evidencedidnotsupportconvictionsforpossessionofmarijuana    withintenttodistribute.).  h   UnitedStatesv.Allen,302F.3d1260(11thCir.2002)(Defendantwasentitledtohavejuryinstructedthatgovernmentmust H  provethatdefendantwasinvolvedwithbothmarijuanaandcocaine,inindictmentchargingconspiracytopossesswith   intenttodistributebothsubstances,followingUnitedStatesv.Dale,178F.3d429(6thCir.1999)andUnitedStatesv.  t  Rhymes,196F.3d207(4thCir.1999);DaleRhymesviolationandApprendiviolationforimposinglifesentencesinexcess 6  ofstatutorymaximumrequiredreversal.).  P  4R HO  5  TableofContents6O  7  ~ @* % ] XLXENTRAPMENT#XXL# %] ^ UnitedStatesv.Brooks,215F.3d842(8thCir.2000)(governmentsconductwasentrapmentasamatteroflaw).  UnitedStatesv.Poehlman,217F.3d692(9thCir.2000)(governmentinducedotherwiseunpredisposeddefendantthroughagent > posingasmotherseeking sexualmentorforherthreedaughterstocommitcrimeofcrossingstatelinesforpurposeofengaging Z insexactswithminor,thussustaininghisdefenseofentrapment).  4S HO  5  TableofContents6COW  7  N  XLXEVIDENTIARYRULINGS#XXL# .  UnitedStatesv.Geston,299F.3d1130(9thCir.2002)(Prosecutorsquestionstolawenforcementofficerswereimproperbecause ! theycompelledopinionevidenceonveracityofgovernmentwitnesses.).  H" UnitedStatesv.Glenn,312F.3d58(2ndCir.2002)(Drugdealerslaytestimonyabouthowdrugdealerscarryhandgunswas ($ inadmissible;insufficientevidencetoproveflight;falseexculpatorystatementbyaccused,standingalone,insufficienttoconvict.). % 4 HO  5  TableofContents6O  7  t '  % d XLXEXPERTTESTIMONY#XXL#%d !)  UnitedStatesv.Abreu,202F.3d386(1stCir.2000)(applicationofindigentdefendantforgovernmentfundingofexpertservices #R!+ mustbeheardexparte).  n$",  UnitedStatesv.Smithers,212F.3d306(6thCir.2000)(Districtcourterredinexcludingexperttestimonyregardingeyewitness %#. identificationinbankrobberycasewithoutDaubertanalysiswhereprincipalevidencewaseyewitnesstestimony.).  &`$/  UnitedStatesv.Hanna,293F.3d1080(9thCir.2002)(Newtrialwarrantedbecauseexperttestimonyofsecretserviceagentswas >(%1 notrelevant.).  )&2  UnitedStatesv.Hart,295F.3d451(5thCir.2002)(InfalsestatementprosecutiononFSAloanapplication,districtcourtabused *0(4 itsdiscretionbyallowinggovernmentwitnesstotestifyasexpertwitnessastowhatdebtsshouldbereported.). L+(5  UnitedStatesv.Finley,301F.3d1000(9thCir.2002)(Defenseexpertstestimonywasbothreliableandrelevant;defensedidnot ,|*7 failtogivenoticeastoexpertstestimony.).  -@+8  4T HO  5  TableofContents6O  7 C  /,: ,vU,Ԁ#,,vU# X % f XLXEXPOSTFACTO#XXL4#%f' v ,vU,Ԁ#,,vU# b UnitedStatesv.Summers,176F.3d1328(11thCir.1999)(impositionofenhancementunderamendedSentencingGuideline 0 violatesexpostfactoclause).   UnitedStatesv.Eske,189F.3d536(7thCir.1999)(Impositionofthreeyearsofgovernmentrestraintuponrevocationofsupervised v releaseviolatedexpostfactoclause).  : UnitedStatesv.Miranda,197F.3d1357(11thCir.1999)(convictionforconspiracytolaundermoneyviolatedexpostfacto h  clause;sentenceenhancementbasedonamountoffundslaunderedcouldnotincludetransactionswhichpredatedenactment  *  ofstatutesprohibitingmoneylaundering). D   UntiedStatesv.Prather,205F.3d1265(11thCir.2000)(violationofexpostfactoclauseinlevyingspecialassessmentof  p  $100percount).  2   Carmellv.Texas,___U.S.___,120S.Ct.1620(2000)(Convictionsthatrestedsolelyonthetestimonyofvictimwhowas14or   15yearsatthetimeoftheoffensewerebarredbytheexpostfactoclausebecauseconvictionontestimonyofvictimstestimony z  alonewasnotpreviouslypermitted.).    X  >   UnitedStatesv.Schulte,264F.3d656(6thCir.2001)(Applicationof1996MVRAviolatedexpostfactoclause.).   UnitedStatesv.DeLaMata,266F.3d1275(11thCir.2001)(Applyingbankfraudstatuteretroactivelyviolatedexpostfacto J clause.). d   UnitedStatesv.Evans,272F.3d1069(8thCir.2001)(ApplicationofamendedstatutorymaximumsentenceunderMannActviolated  expostfactoclause.).  T  Lyonsv.Mendez,303F.3d285(3rdCir.2002)(Impositionofadditional,retrospectivepunishmentviolatedexpostfactoclause.). 2  4U HO  5  6$O8  7 Hf% h %h 4V HO  5  TableofContents6O  7 , P     X      `      h  `  % j XLXEXTRANEOUSEVIDENCE(404(b)#XXLD#%j7 @   UnitedStatesv.Aldrich,169F.3d526(8thCir.1999)(evidenceofvacatedconvictionsprejudicial)  "  UnitedStatesv.Jackson,180F.3d55(2ndCir.1999)(erroneousinstructiononelementofthreattoreputationwhichhasnonexus v$ toaclaimofright inprosecutionfortransmissionofextortionatethreatstoinjurereputation).  :%  UnitedStatesv.James,169F.3d1210(9thCir.1999)(recordsconcerningpastviolentactsofdefendantsboyfriendwererelevant j' toselfdefensetheory).  .( UnitedStatesv.Mitchell,172F.3d1104(9thCir.1999)(evidenceofdefendantspovertyprejudicialandnotharmless). "*      P  UnitedStatesv.Bensimon,172F.3d1121(9thCir.1999)(admissionof17yearoldconvictionwasabuseofdiscretionbecause #$/ thatbankwasfederallyinsured). Z'%0 UnitedStatesv.Martinez,241F.3d1329(11thCir.2001)(Districtcourtmayexercisejurisdictionovermotionforreturnofproperty (&2 filedaftercriminalproceedingshaveended.). )N'3 UnitedStatesv.Johnston,258F.3d361(5thCir.2001)(Consensualdelegationofmotiontovacate,setaside,orcorrectsentence .+(5 tomagistratejudgeisunconstitutional). +)6  UnitedStatesv.Ward,274F.3d1320(11thCir.2001)(Districtcourthadauthoritytoruleonmotionfornewtrial;case z-"+8 remandedforthatpurpose).  <.+9  .,:  UnitedStatesv.RuizRodriguez,277F.3d1281(11thCir.2002)(Magistratejudgedoesnothaveauthoritytoconductfact X findingandevidentiaryportionofsentencinghearinginfelonycase.).   UnitedStatesv.ErrolD.,Jr.,292F.3d1159(9thCir.2002)(Districtcourtlackedjurisdictiontotryjuvenileforburglaryofa H governmentbuildingundertheIndianMajorCrimesAct(IMCA),whichrequiresthattheoffensebeagainstthepersonorproperty d  ofanotherIndianoranotherperson.). (  UnitedStatesv.Petrie,302F.3d1280(11thCir.2002)(Districtcourtlackedjurisdictiontoenterpreliminaryforfeitureorder X sixmonthsaftersentencing.). r  UnitedStatesv.Sadler,234F.3d369(8thCir.2000)(districtcourtlackedauthoritytoreopenoriginalsentencetorecalculate    incorrectlycalculatedalternatesentence).   b   UnitedStatesv.Tran,234F.3d798(2ndCir.2000)(nojurisdictiontoenterjudgmentorimposesentenceforuncharged,aggravated B  crimeofusingorcarryingshort-barreledriflewheregrandjuryindictmentnotwaived).   4o HO  5  TableofContents6[%Oo%  7 % 6   % { XLXFIFTHAMENDMENT%{*&Ԁ% } DUEPROCESS#XXL7&#%}&    UnitedStatesv.Barnett,175F.3d580(7thCir.1990)(Denialofhabeaspetitionersmotionfortrialcontinuanceviolateddue l process,andlimitonvoirdirere:gangbiasviolated6thAmendment.).  0  UnitedStatesv.Gatewood,184F.3d440(6thCir.1999)(threestrikesstatuteviolateddueprocessforrequiringproofbyclearand  convincingevidencethatdefendantspreviousrobberieswerenotviolent). z Morrisv.Cain,186F.3d581(5thCir.1999)(reasonabledoubtinstructionusingterms graveuncertainty, actualorsubstantial Z doubt,and moralcertaintyviolateddueprocessclause).  Keatingv.Hood,191F.3d1053(9thCir.1999)(habeasreliefwarrantedbecauseomissionofmensreaelementfrominstruction N onsecuritieschargesviolateddueprocessanditispossiblethatjuryreliedonlegallyerroneousdirectperpetratortheory). j UnitedStatesv.Linick,195F.3d538(9thCir.1999)(statuteprohibitinguseofnationalforestsystemlandwithoutpermitheld   unconstitutionallyoverbroadonitsface;dueprocessrequireddismissal). ^! UnitedStatesv.Rivera,201F.3d99(2ndCir.2000)(fivelevelincreaseforrefusaltocooperatewithgovernmentfollowing ># convictionviolateddefendantsFifthAmendmentrights). $ Wrayv.Johnson,202F.3d515(2ndCir.2000)(unreliableshowupidentificationviolateddueprocesserrornotharmless). 2& Matav.Johnson,210F.3d324(5thCir.2000)(minimaldueprocessnotmetwherepetitionersoughttoabandonreviewinfederal !( habeascaseandhiscompetencywasquestioned). !~) Spencev.Superintendent,GreatMeadowCor.Fac.,219F.3d162(2ndCir.2000)(dueprocessviolatedwhenoriginalenhanced ^#!+ sentenceimposedwithoutshowingthatdefendantbreachedpleaagreement;miscarriageofjusticewouldexcuseprisoners "$!, proceduraldefault). $"- Pattersonv.Gomez,223F.3d959(9thCir.2000)(instructioninguiltyphaseofcapitalmurdertrialthatjurypresumethatdefendant n&$/ wassaneviolateddueprocessandwasnotharmless). 2'$0  UnitedStatesv.Arrieta,224F.3d1076(9thCir.2000)(waiverofrighttoappealdeportationorderwasnotintelligent,thusviolating (b&2 hisdueprocessrights). ~)&'3 DePetrisv.Kuykendall,239F.3d1057(9thCir.2001)(Erroneousexclusionofhusbandsjournaldepriveddefendantofdueprocess +(5 andwasobjectivelyunreasonableandnotharmless.). +r)6 UnitedStatesv.Rodriguez,260F.3d416(5thCir.2001)(ProsecutorscommentondefendantspostMiranda,postarrestsilence R-*8 violatedhisrighttodueprocessandwasnotharmless,butdidnotprecluderetrialondoublejeopardygrounds.). .+9 UnitedStatesv.Tighe,266F.3d1187(9thCir.2001)(Useofdefendantspriornonjuryjuvenileadjudicationtoincreasethe /F-; _ w   statutorilymandatedmaximumpunishmentviolateddueprocessandwasnotharmlesserror.). X Phillipsv.Woodford,267F.3d966(9thcir.2001)(Petitionerstwocolorableclaimsthatcounselwasineffectiveforpresenting  alibidefenseandnot shootoutdefenseandthatpetitionersdueprocessrightswereviolatedbyprosecutionwitnesssfalse L testimonythatshehadnotbeenofferedadealinreturnforhertestimony!warrantedevidentiaryhearingindeathpenaltycase.). h Davisv.Strack,270F.3d111(2ndCir.2001)(Failuretogivejustificationchargeincasewherepetitionerwasrobbedatgunpoint  threetimes,raped,andhadlifethreatenedwasviolationofdueprocesswarrantinghabeasrelief.). \ Garceauv.Woodford,275F.3d769(9thCir.2001)(Juryinstructionallowingjurytodrawinferenceofcriminalpropensityfrom <   othercrimesevidenceviolatedDueProcessandwasnotharmless.).    Packerv.Hill,277F.3d1092(9thCir.2002)(trialjudgesstatementsandactionsduringjurydeliberationundulycoercive;requiring  0  defendanttowearlegbraceduringtrialdueprocessviolation). L  Moorev.Kinney,278F.3d774(8thCir.2002)(Definitionof exceptionaldepravityaggravatorincapitalcaseunconstitutionally  |  vague). @  UnitedStatesv.Guagliardo,278F.3d868(9thCir.2002)(Conditionsofdefendantsprobationprohibitinghispossessionofany    kindofpornographyandfromresidingincloseproximitytoplacesfrequentedbychildrenwereunconstitutionallyvague.).  Beemv.McKune,278F.3d1108(10thCir.2002)(Vacaturofsentencesforrapeandtakingindecentlibertieswithchildandinstead l sentencingforaggravatedincestforwhichdefendantswerenotchargedviolateddueprocessandwarrantedhabeasrelief.). 0 Cockerhamv.Cain,283F.3d657(5thCir.2002)(Stateconvictionsbecamefinalwhenoutoftimeappealwasdecided,notwhen ` earlieroriginaldirectappealwasdecided;LouisianaSupremeCourtsvalidationof reasonabledoubtjuryinstructionfoundto |$ beinfirminCagev.Louisianaunderdueprocessclausewas contrarytoestablishedfederallaw,warrantinghabeascorpusrelief.). @ Newellv.Hanks,283F.3d827(7thCir.2002)(Petitionersamendmentstohabeascorpuspetitionweresubstantiallyidenticalto p originalclaimsandrelatedbacktobringpetitionwithinoneyeargraceperiodofAEDPA;governmentspossiblesubstantial 4 interferencewithdefensewitnesssfreeandunhamperedchoicetotestifywarrantedremandforevidentiaryhearingtodetermine P ifdueprocessviolated.).   Valenzuelav.UnitedStates,286F.3d1223(11thCir.2002)(Admissionatextraditionhearingofaffidavitcontaining D! inculpatorystatementsmadebyallegedfugitivestoDEAagents,inbreachofpromiseofconfidentiality,violateddue ^" process.).   # UnitedStatesv.Sofsky,287F.3d122(2ndCir.2002)(Conditionofsupervisedreleaseprohibitingchildpornographyconvictfrom N% usingcomputerorinternetwithoutprobationofficersapprovalinflictedagreaterdeprivationondefendantslibertythanwas j& reasonablynecessaryandexceededthebroaddiscretionofthesentencingjudge.). . ' Caldwellv.Bell,288F.3d838(6thCir.2002)(Instructiononlesserincludedoffenseofseconddegreemurder,thatmalicewas !^) presumedwheredefendantwasshowntohaveusedweaponanddeathisclearlyshowntohaveresultedfromitsuse,violateddue z"" * process;instructionhadasubstantialandinjuriouseffectonverdict.). ># + UnitedStatesv.MuleroJoubert,289F.3d168(1stCir.2002)(failureofproofthatdefendantshadactualorconstructivenoticethat $n"- theirpresenceinsecurityzonewasprohibitedbylaw). %2#. Packerv.Hill,291F.3d569(9thCir.2002)(Trialjudgesstatementsandactionsduringjurydeliberationswereundulycoercivein '$0 violationofDefendantsFourteenthAmendmentdueprocessrights.). '~%1 UnitedStatesv.Lipscomb,299F.3d303(5thCir.2002)(Convictionwasreversed,sentencevacatedandremandedwherethecourt ^)'3 abuseditsdiscretionbysuasponteorderinganintradistricttransferoverthedefendantsobjectionsandwherethefederalbribery "*'4 statutewasapplicabletothedefendant,butthedefendanthadpreservedasappliedconstitutionalchallengestothestatute.). *(5 Campbellv.Rice,302F.3d892(9thCir.2002)(Exclusionofpetitionerfrominchambershearingregardingconflictofinterestof n,*7 hiscounselwasviolationofdueprocess.). 2-*8  -+9 HL H  H  Ellisv.Mullin,312F.3d1201(10thCir.2002)(Determinationthatpretrialpsychiatricreportwhichconcludedthatdefendantwas X competenttostandtrialdidnotbearonsanityattimeofoffensewasanunreasonabledeterminationofthefacts,andexclusionof  pretrialreportviolateddueprocess.).  4p HO  5  TableofContents6KO L  7 9L h  XLXFIFTHAMENDMENT%  JEOPARDY/ESTOPPEL#XXLL#%L   UnitedStatesv.Davis,177F.3d552(6thCir.1999)(whenonejurorrequestedtobeexcusedfromdeliberations,itwaserrornot F toquestionalljurorsaboutprejudicial,extraneousinformation;errornottomergeconvictionforstealingU.S.propertyintorobbery b   conviction).  &    UnitedStatesv.Stevens,177F.3d579(6thCir.1999)(doublejeopardybarredretrialwherekeywitnessrefusedtotestifyaftergrant  T  ofimmunityandjailingandtherewasnomanifestnecessityformistrial).  p    UnitedStatesv.Short,181F.3d620(5thCir.1999)(convictiononbothconspiracytodistributeheroinandcocaineandleading,   organizingandmanagingacontinuingcriminalenterprisewasviolationofdoublejeopardybecausethefirstwasalesserincluded b  offenseofthesecond). P  ~&  Robinsonv.UnitedStates,196F.3d748(7thCir.1999)(defendantwhopledguiltydidnottherebywaivedoublejeopardyclaim  thatdefendantcouldnotbeconvictedofbothconspiracyandCCE;doublejeopardychallengenotbarredbyTeague). r  UnitedStatesv.Brewer,199F.3d1287(11thCir.2000)(convictionunder21U.S.C.841(a)(1)forpossessionwithintent R todistributewaslesserincludedoffenseofviolationof21U.S.C.861(a)(1),usingminortodistributecocainebase,  requiringreversalondoublejeopardygrounds). X    ~  UnitedStatesv.Beckett,208F.3d140(3rdCir.2000)(Restitutiondeterminedwithoutconsideringdefendantsabilitytopay; Z sentencingconcurrentlyonchargeofarmedbankrobberyandonlesserincludedchargeofrobberyviolatedDoubleJeopardy  Clause.).  UnitedStatesv.Hunt,212F.3d539(10thCir.2000)(DoublejeopardybarredappealbyUnitedStateswheredistrictcourtentered j judgmentofacquittal). . UnitedStatesv.Centracchio,236F.3d812(7thCir.2001)(governmentappealunder18U.S.C.3731ofgrantingofmotionto ^! suppressisrequiredpriortojeopardyattachinganddivestsdistrictcourtofjurisdictionuntiltheappealisdecided). z"" UnitedStatesv.White,240F.3d127(1stCir.2001)(drugdistributioncountsduplicative,fordoublejeopardypurposes,ofcount $ charging,onsameconduct,distributionwithin1,000feetofschool). n% UnitedStatesv.Morris,247F.3d1080(10thCir.2001)(FiveconvictionsforfirearmuseduringrobberyviolatedDoubleJeopardy N ' Clause.).   P   !( Hussv.Graves,252F.3d952(8thCir.2001)(Retrialofdefendantviolateddoublejeopardy.). "B * Piaskowskiv.Bett,256F.3d687(7thCir.2001)(Statesevidenceinsufficienttoconvictdefendantbeyondareasonabledoubt; "$!, DoubleJeopardyClauseprecludedstatefromretryingdefendant). $"-  Morrisv.Reynolds,264F.3d38(2ndCir.2001)(JeopardyattacheduponacceptanceofguiltypleasothatNewYorkCourtof n&$/ Appealsdeterminationthatdoublejeopardybarcouldnotariseuntilimpositionofsentencewascontrarytoclearlyestablished 2'$0 federallawandwarrantedhabeasrelief.).  '%1  Vincentv.Jones,292F.3d506(6thCir.2002)(Grantingmotionfordirectedverdictwasgrantofacquittalsuchthatjeopardy |)$'3 attached.).  @*'4  UnitedStatesv.Carbullido,307F.3d957(9thCir.2002)(Secondarsonprosecution,underdoctrineofcollateralestoppel,wasbarred +n)6 bydoublejeopardy.).  ,2*7  UnitedStatesv.Baptiste,309F.3d275(5thCir.2002)(Impositionofconsecutivesentencesformultipleusesoffirearmstoadvance .+9 singledrugconspiracyviolatedDoubleJeopardyClause.).  .|,: L      UnitedStatesv.Holloway,309F.3d649(9thCir.2002)(OffenseunderFederalBankRobberyAct  isincludedwithinHobbsActoffensefordoublejeopardypurposes.).    4q HO  5  TableofContents6_O_  7 _  d   XLXFIFTHAMENDMENT%  ԀSELFINCRIMINATION/RIGHTTOTESTIFY#XXL`#%`   Mitchellv.UnitedStates,199S.Ct.1307(1999)(neitherguiltypleanorstatementsatpleacolloquyfunctionedaswaiverofright B toremainsilentatsentencing;courtcouldnotdrawadverseinferencefromdefendantssilenceatsentencingindeterminingfacts ^   relatingtodetailsofcrime). "    UnitedStatesv.Burgess,175F.3d1261(11thCir1999)(errortofailtogiverequestednoadverseinferenceinstruction,and  R  errornotharmless).  l   UnitedStatesv.Martinez,181F.3d627(5thCir.1999)(remandtoallowdefendanttostatewithspecificityclaimthathiscounsel   didnotallowhimtotestify). ^  Newmanv.Hopkins,192F.3d1132(8thCir.1999)(criminaldefendantshavedueprocessrighttointroducevoiceexemplarwithout >  waiving5thAmendmentprivilegeagainstselfincrimination).  UnitedStatesv.Rivera,196F.3d144(2ndCir.1999)(fiveyearincreaseofsentencebasedondefendantsrefusaltocooperatewith 2 governmentviolateddefendantsFifthAmendmentrightagainstselfincrimination). N Combsv.Coyle,205F.3d269(6thCir.2000)(prosecutorsuseofstatementatsceneofcrimewheredefendanttoldofficertotalk ~ tohislawyerviolatedrightagainstselfincrimination;failureofcounseltoobjectonthatgroundwasineffectiveassistance;failure B toinvestigateexpertwitnesswasineffectiveassistance). ^ Gardnerv.Johnson,247F.3d551(5thCir.2001)(psychiatristsspreexaminationwarningsinsufficienttoapprisepetitionerthat  statementsmightbeusedagainsthimtosecuredeathpenaltyinviolationofFifthAmendmentselfincriminationclause;statecourts R determinationtocontrarywasunreasonableinterpretationoffederallaw). n UnitedStatesv.VelardeGomez,269F.3d1023(9thCir.2001)(Admissionofpoliceofficerstestimonyaboutdefendantslackof   emotionalreactionwhenconfrontedwithalargeamountofmarijuanainagastankviolateddefendantsFifthAmendmentprivilege b! againstselfincrimination.). ~&" 4r HO  5  TableofContents6jOj  7 k $  XLXFIFTHAMENDMENT%  STATEMENTS%k/CONFESSIONS#XXLk# 6&  Henryv.Kernan,177F.3d1152(9thCir.1999)(involuntaryconfessionnotharmless).  &2 UnitedStatesv.Ubakanma,215F.3d421(4thCir.2000)(failuretomakefactualfindingsregardingrestitutionrequiredremand). *'4 UnitedStatesv.Norris,217F.3d262(5thCir.2000)(orderofrestitutiontodefendantsformerlawpartnerswasimproperinfalse +N)6 declarationprosecution). j,*7 UnitedStatesv.Walton,217F.3d443(7thCir.2000)(remandforfactualfindingsre:amountofrestitution). -+9 UnitedStatesv.Sager,227F.3d1138(9thCir.2000)(remandrequiredtodeterminelossamountandappropriatenessoffinewithout z/"-; consideringwhetherfinewasundueburdentodefendantsdependents). X UnitedStatesv.Rodrigues,229F.3d842(9thCir.2000)(reversedforimproperdeterminationofrestitution).  UnitedStatesv.Simmonds,235F.3d827(3rdCir.2000)(victimslostinsurancepremiumdiscountsnot propertydamagedby h arsonforrestitutionpurposes). , UnitedStatesv.Behrman,235F.3d1049(7thCir.2000)(remandforrestitutiondetermination). \ UnitedStatesv.Mustafa,238F.3d485(3rdCir.2001)(failuretoinquireintodefendantsabilitytopayrestitutionordered). <   UnitedStatesv.Kadonsky,242F.3d516(D.C.Cir.2001)(Courtmaynotimposefinewithoutmakingfindingsaboutdefendants  l  abilitytopay.).  0  UnitedStatesv.BanksGiombetti,245F.3d949(7thCir.2001)(districtcourtlackedauthoritytosanctiondefendantwithcostsof   juryvenire).  |  UnitedStatesv.Scott,250F.3d550(7thCir.2001)(Merepossessionofaccessdevicecompletedthecrimesothatrestitutionfor \  amountoflosswasnotwarrantedbecausethiswasnotchargedconduct.). `       UnitedStatesv.Searing,250F.3d665(8thCir.2001)(errortooverruleobjectiontorestitutionfiguresolelybasedonobjectedto P factsinPSRandprobationofficersunsworncommentsaboutwhatavictimhadtoldhim). l UnitedStatesv.Bush,252F.3d859(8thCir.2001)(victimswhodidnotpurchaseunregisteredsecuritiesfromDefendantnotentitled  torestitution). ` UnitedStatesv.Najjor,255F.3d979(9thCir.2001)(Districtcourterredinfailingtoconsiderallevidencepriortoordering @ restitution).  UnitedStatesv.Jolivette,257F.3d581(6thCir.2001)(Restitutionorderforundeterminedamountwasvoidandunenforceable90 4 daysaftersentencinghearing). P UnitedStatesv.GordonK.,257F.3d1158(10thCir.2001)(Ruleprovidingthatcourtmaycorrectsentenceimposedasresultof   arithmetical,technicalorotherclearerrorappliestojuvenileproceedingsbutfailuretoorderrestitutionwasnotclearerrorthat D! couldbecorrectedunderthisrule). `" UnitedStatesv.Schulte,264F.3d656(6thCir.2001)(Applicationof1996MVRAviolatedexpostfactoclause.). $ UnitedStatesv.Lomow,266F.3d1013(9thCir.2001)(receiversexpensesincurredafterdefendantsassetswereseizedimproperly p& includedinrestitutionorder). 4 ' UnitedStatesv.McGiffen,267F.3d581(7thCir.2001)(abuseofdiscretiontorequire,withoutanevidentiaryhearingandfindings, !d) fundsusedfromseizureofhometopaypublicdefender;inadequatefindingstosupportobstructionenhancement). "( * Weinbergerv.UnitedStates,268F.3d346(6thCir.2001)(Defendantcouldraiseineffectiveassistanceofcounselclaimswhere $!, issuesproperlypreserved;courtabuseddiscretioninnotconsideringfinancialneedsandearningabilityofdisbarredattorney $t"- defendantinorderingrestitution.). %8#. UnitedStatesv.Shepard,269F.3d884(7thCir.2001)(Wherehospitalwasnotvictimofmailfraudandmoneylaundering,itwas '$0 impropertoorderrestitutiontothehospitalundertheMVRA.). '%1 UnitedStatesv.Follet,269F.3d996(9thCir.2001)(Orderofrestitutiontopsychologicalcounselingcenterwhichprovidedfree d) '3 counselingwasimproper.). (*'4 UnitedStatesv.Elias,269F.3d1003(9thCir.2001)(sentencevacatedtocorrectimproperrestitutionorderinhazardouswastecase). +X)6     UnitedStatesv.Young,272F.3d1052(8thCir.2001)(uncertainestimatebyvictiminsufficienttosupportlostprofitsportionof 8-*8 restitutionaward). -+9 UnitedStatesv.Yang,281F.3d534(6thCir.2002)(insufficientevidencetosupportstatutorymaximumfine). /,-; G_c G, G  UnitedStatesv.JacksonRandolph,282F.3d369(6thCir.2002)(remandtoconsiderappropriatenessof$10millionfine,inaddition  torestitution,formailfraudandprogramfraud).  UnitedStatesv.Onyiego,286F.3d249(5thCir.2002)(legalfeesfordefendingcivilcollectionactionnotproperlyincludedin h restitutionorder). , UnitedStatesv.Butler,297F.3d505(6thCir.2002)(DelegationbydistrictcourttoTaxCourtortotheIRSforrestitution \ determinationintaxevasionprosecutionwasplainerror.). x  UnitedStatesv.Harris,302F.3d72(2ndCir.2002)(remandofrestitutionorderforconsiderationofdefendantsabilitytopay).     UnitedStatesv.Prouty,303F.3d1249(11thCir.2002)(Delegationofrestitutionpaymentscheduletoprobationofficewas  0  improper.).  J  UnitedStatesv.Davis,306F.3d398(6thCir.2002)(errorinfailingtosetrestitutionschedule).  x  UnitedStatesv.Quintieri,306F.3d1217(2ndCir.2002)(Impositionofsamefineonremandwasplainerrorwherefineamountwas X  nolongerappropriateunderSentencingGuidelines,givenreductioninbaseoffenselevel.).   UnitedStatesv.Overholt,307F.3d1231(10thCir.2002)(Defendantsdidnotcommitmailfraud;remandrequiredforcourttoset L restitutionschedule.). h UnitedStatesv.Quarrell,310F.3d664(10thCir.2002)(InprosecutionundertheArchaeologicalResourcesProtectionAct,district  courtabuseditsdiscretioninorderingrestitutionforlosstoarchitecturalvalue;insufficientfindingstosupportobstructionofjustice \ enhancement.). x  UnitedStatesv.Goldin,311F.3d191(3rdCir.2002)(Specialassessmentexceededamountallowedbystatute.).  UnitedStatesv.Cutter,313F.3d1(1stCir.2002)(causationnotestablishedtojustifyimpositionof$20,000fineunderMVRA). 0 UnitedStatesv.Tran,234F.3d798(2ndCir.2000)(statutoryfactorsnotconsideredinimposingrestitution).  UnitedStatesv.Lewis,235F.3d215(4thCir.2000)(Failuretomakefactualfindingsrequiredremandonrestitutionissue.). @! 4t HO  5  TableofContents6O$  7 R  #  XLXFIREARMS#XXL߶# P%  UnitedStatesv.Taylor,176F.3d331(6thCir.1999)(convictionforusingfirearmduringcommissionofcrimeofviolencereversed V ' wheredefendantdeliveredfirearmtococonspiratordaysbeforetheallegedrobbery).  !(  UnitedStatesv.Stotts , 176F.3d880(6thCir.1999)( useand carryprongsof18U.S.C.924(c)notmetrequiringreversalfor "H * insufficientevidence).  f#!+  UnitedStatesv.Martin,180F.3d965(8thCir.1999)(insufficientevidencetosupportconvictionforbeingfeloninpossessionof $"- firearm!constructivepossessionissue).  %X#.  UnitedStatesv.Corrales,183F.3d1116(9thCir.1999)(dismissalrequiredinprosecutionforfeloninpossessionoffirearmwhere 6'$0 civilrightsrestoredforpriorfelonyandnoexpressrestrictionunderstatelaw).  '%1  UnitedStatesv.Layne,192F.3d556(6thCir.1999)(insufficientevidencetosupportcrackcocaineconviction;defendantdidnot )('3  useor carryfirearmduringandinrelationtodrugtraffickingoffense). D*'4 UnitedStatesv.Valdez,195F.3d544(9thCir.1999)(motiontovacatefirearmsconviction,premisedonBailey,wastimelywhen +t)6 filedpriortoBousleydecision,whichrecognizedrighttoraiseBaileyclaimoncollateralreview). ,8*7 UnitedStatesv.Smith,196F.3d676(6thCir.1999)(districtcourtdoublecountedwhenitappliedspecificoffensecharacteristics .+9 forfirearmdischarge,useorpossessioninconvictionunder18U.S.C.922(g)). .,: EE  EXX, E  U.S.v.Fowler,198F.3d808(11thCir.999)(Federallawprohibitingaconvictedfelonfromcarryingafirearmdoesnot  applytoadefendantwhosecivilandpoliticalrightswererestoredbytheStatewithoutlimitations.).  UnitedStatesv.Cover,199F.3d1270(11thCir.2000)(Evidenceinrobberyprosecutionshowedfirearmswere otherwise b  usedandnotmerely brandished,requiringremandtoapplythesixlevelenhancementandnotthefivelevel $ enhancementforbrandishing.).   UnitedStatesv.Ahmad,202F.3d588(2ndCir.2000)(countingsevenlegalfirearmsimproperinsentencingonconvictionfor j possessionofillegalfirearms).  .    Bowenv.Hood,202F.3d1211(9thCir.2000)(Armedfelonscouldbebarredfromeligibilityforsentencereductionbasedon  \  completionoftreatmentprogram;butrestrictioncouldnotberetroactivelyapplied). x  UnitedStatesv.Hill,210F.3d861(8thCir.2000)(Inprosecutionforreceivingafirearmshippedininterstatecommercewhile   underindictment,defendantwasnot underindictmentattimeofallegedoffense.).  l   UnitedStatesv.Tait,202F.3d1320(11thCir.2000)(defendantwhohadcivilrightsrestorednotsubjecttoprosecution L  underfeloninpossessionstatute;defendanthadlicensetocarryfirearmandwas,therefore,notsubjecttoconvictionfor   possessingfirearminschoolzone).  x Castillov.UnitedStates,___U.S.___,120S.Ct.2090(2000)(Statutewhichincreasespenaltyforusingorcarryingafirearmin V relationtoacrimeofviolencewhenthatfirearmisa machinegunstateselementofaseparate,aggravatedcrime,requiringproof  ofthatelementbeyondareasonabledoubt,relyingonJonesv.UnitedStates,526U.S.227,234(1999).). h  !  $   UnitedStatesv.Howard,214F.3d361(2ndCir.2000)(insufficientevidencethatdefendantknewhandguninhispossessionhad f beenstolenin18U.S.C.922prosecution). * UnitedStatesv.Sanders,240F.3d1279(10thCir.2001)(insufficientevidencethatdefendanthadknowledgeattachmenttoweapon Z wasasilencer). v UnitedStatesv.Stewart,246F.3d728(D.C.Cir.2001)(defendantwhoreceivesaguninreturnfordrugshasnot usedagun  duringandinrelationtoadrugtraffickingoffenseunderBailey). j  UnitedStatesv.Hutton,252F.3d1013(8thCir.2001)(Underpriorversionofguidelines,concealedinoperablereplicaofrevolver J" wasnot brandished,displayed,orpossessedduringrobbery.). # UnitedStatesv.Iiland,254F.3d1264(10thCir.2001)(Evidenceinsufficienttosupportconvictionforfirearmpossessionin >% furtheranceofdrugtraffickingactivity). Z&  UnitedStatesv.White,258F.3d374(5thCir.2001)(Indictmentsfailuretochargeanoffensewasnotwaivedbyguiltyplea,waiver  ( ofappealinpleaagreement,orfailuretoraisetheargumentininitialappellatebrief;convictionsunderTexasstatutesproscribing !N) recklessconductandterroristicthreatswerenotconvictionsofa crimeofdomesticviolence,andthuscouldnotserveaspredicate j" * convictionsfor18U.S.C.922(g)(9)). .# +  UnitedStatesv.Laskie,258F.3d1047(9thCir.2001)(Defendantshonorabledischargeoperatedtosetasidepriorfelonyconviction $\"- andrequiredreversalofconvictionunder18U.S.C.922(g).). x% #.  UnitedStatesv.Holloway,259F.3d1199(9thCir.2001)(evidenceinsufficienttoprovearmedbankrobberyandcarryingafirearm '$0 inrelationtoaviolentcrime).  'l%1  UnitedStatesv.Osborne,262F.3d486(5thCir.2001)(Convictionsforwhichdefendanthadhadhiscivilrightsrestoredwerenot J)&3 priorfeloniesinpossessionofammunitionprosecution.).  *'4  UnitedStatesv.OMalley,265F.3d353(6thCir.2001)(inadequatefactualfindingstoproveforeseeabilitybydefendantthatco +<)6 conspiratorswouldtakeillegalweaponfromgunstore). X,*7 UnitedStatesv.Akins,276F.3d1141(9thCir.2002)(Defendantdidnotwaiverighttocounselbeforepleadingguiltytounderlying -+9 misdemeanordomesticviolencecharge,precludingconvictionofpossessionoffirearmafterconvictionofmisdemeanordomestic .L,: violencecrime.). h/-; F! X,,   UnitedStatesv.Herrera,289F.3d311(5thCir.2002)(insufficientevidencetoshowthatdefendantwas unlawfuluserofcocaine g sothatconvictionofpossessionoffirearmbyunlawfulusercouldnotstand). + UnitedStatesv.Spruill,292F.3d207(5thCir.2002)(Defendantcouldnotbeconvictedofpossessingafirearmwhilesubjectto  aprotectiveorderwherefederalrequirementthatorderbeentered afterahearingandnohearingwasconducted.). w  4u HO  5  TableofContents6O  7   Z %  XLXFRAUD/THEFT#XXL#%   UnitedStatesv.BlasiniLluberas,169F.3d57(1stCir.1999)(insufficientevidenceofmisapplicationofbankfunds) o   UnitedStatesv.Ensminger,174F.3d1143(10thCir.1999)(districtcourtmiscalculatedintendedlossinprosecutionforviolation  T  offalsedocumentstatute).      UnitedStatesv.Howerter,248F.3d198(3rdCir.2001)(Defendantdidnotcommitfederalbanklarcenywhen,astreasurer A  authorizedtowritechecksforprivateorganization,hecashedunauthorizedcheckspayabletohimself.). b   UnitedStatesv.Whitehead,176F.3d1030(8thCir.1999)(prejudicialerrorinfailingtogiveinstructionon insolvencywhenit   waselementofcrimeofbankfraudandfalsestatement).    O  UnitedStatesv.Morrow,177F.3d272(5thCir.1999)(reversibleerrorfordefendantstobeheldresponsibleforlossesinbankfraud 2 conspiracyoutsidetheirperiodofemployment).  X    UnitedStatesv.Guadagna,183F.3d122(2ndCir.1999)(evidenceinsufficienttosupportdefendantsconvictiononsecondcount | ofwirefraudstemmingfromphonecallmadeaspartoffraudulentsweepstakestelemarketingscheme). @ UnitedStatesv.Laljie,184F.3d180(2ndCir.1999)(insufficientevidenceofmailfraud). k  UnitedStatesv.Ward,197F.3d1076(11thCir.1999)(insufficientevidenceofmakingfalseoathsinbankruptcyfraud P prosecution,butsufficientevidencetosustainconvictionformoneylaundering).   UnitedStatesv.Hartsel,199F.3d812(6thCir.1999)(receiptofmailedbankstatementsbydefendantdidnotconstitute useof ;  themailsinmailfraudprosecution). \! UnitedStatesv.Dennis,237F.3d1295(11thCir.2001)(bankfraudconvictionnotsupportedbysufficientevidenceabsentshowing # thatbankwasfederallyinsured). K$ UnitedStatesv.Samaria,239F.3d228(2ndCir.2001)(insufficientevidencetosustainconvictionforcreditcardfraud). 0& UnitedStatesv.Marshall,248F.3d525(6thCir.2001)(Duallarcenyconviction,onefortakingmoneywithintenttostealandthe [!( otherforreceivingmoneystolenfrombank,wasimproper;insufficientevidencetosupportmoneylaunderingconviction.). "|) UnitedStatesv.Fix,264F.3d532(5thCir.2001)(Defendantwhosuccessfullymovedtosetasidesentenceofprobationfollowing #!+ arsonconvictionhadnotbeenconvictedofafelonymakingitunlawfulforhimtopossessafirearm.). k$!, Valansiv.Ashcroft,278F.3d203(3rdCir.2002)(norequisiteshowingofintenttodefraudinembezzlementcasesoastojustify %P#. removalofalienforaggravatedfelony). &$/ UnitedStatesv.Geborde,278F.3d926(9thCir.2002)(Defendantlackedintenttodefraudinconnectionwithhisfailuretoregister ?(%1 drugmanufacturingfacility,andmisbrandingofdrugdidnotoccurwhiledrugwasheldforsale.). )`&2 UnitedStatesv.Frost,281F.3d654(7thCir.2002)(evidenceinsufficienttosupportsubstantivefraudconviction,andnetloss *'4 requiredtoberecalculatedunderlosscalculationguideline). O+(5 UnitedStatesv.Leveque,283F.3d1098(9thCir.2002)(ambiguousmailfraudindictment;insufficientevidencetoshowthat ,4*7 defendanthadactualknowledgethatelkwastakeninviolationofMontanalawandinsufficientevidencetosupportconspiracy -*8 allegations.). _.+9 UnitedStatesv.Handakas,286F.3d92(2ndCir.2002)(reversedformultiplicitouscountsinindictmentandforvague honest /D-; =K" =X, =  servicesprovisionofmailfraudstatute;failureofpredicatemailfraudcountsprecludedconvictiononmoneylaunderingcharge).   UnitedStatesv.McCarrick,294F.3d1286(11thCir.2002)(insufficientevidenceofspecificintenttodefraudbank).  +  UnitedStatesv.Pendergraft,297F.3d1198(11thCir.2002)(ThereisnoextortionundertheHobbsActwherethereare  threatstosuethecountyunlessitsettled;noschemetodefraudunderthemailfraudstatuteispresentwherefalseaffidavits s areattachedtoamotionandmailedtotheopponent).  5 UnitedStatesv.Overholt,307F.3d1231(10thCir.2002)(Defendantsdidnotcommitmailfraud.). T  UnitedStatesv.Peter,310F.3d709(11thCir.2002)(Coramnobislaywheredefendantsallegedmisrepresentationson  applicationforalcoholicbeveragelicensesdidnotviolatemailfraudstatute.).  }   UnitedStatesv.Thomas,315F.3d190(3rdCir.2002)(Defendantsconductdidnotsupportbankfraudconvictionbecauseshe  `  intendedtodefraudbankscustomer,notbank.).  $   4v HO  5  TableofContents6O/  7 ]  P     O   %  XLXGRANDJURY#XXL!#% 2   InreSealedCaseNo.993091,192F.3d995(D.C.Cir.1999)(excerptfromnewspaperarticledidnotamounttoprimafacie   violationofthegrandjurysecrecyrule).  G       P     X   UnitedStatesv.Pigee,197F.3d879(7thCir.1999)(constructiveamendmentbyinstructiontojurythatgovernmenthadtoprove , defendantmadebuildingavailableforunlawfulpurposedepriveddefendantofFifthAmendmentrighttoindictmentbygrandjury).  UnitedStatesv.Prentiss,206F.3d960(10thCir.2000)(Indianstatusofdefendantandvictimmustbeallegedinindictment x chargingviolationofIndianCountryCrimesAct"failuretodosodeprivesdefendantofFifthAmendmentrighttobetriedonly < onchargespresentedinindictmentreturnedbyagrandjury.).       P     X      `     UnitedStatesv.Tran,234F.3d798(2ndCir.2000)(nojurisdictiontoenterjudgmentorimposesentenceforuncharged,aggravated + crimeofusingorcarryingshort-barreledriflewheregrandjuryindictmentnotwaived;statutoryfactorsnotconsideredinimposing L restitution).  Rideauv.Whitley,237F.3d472(5thCir.2000)(delayinfilingpetitiondidnotjustifydismissal;primafacieequalprotection ;  violationoccurredinselectionofgrandjuryresultingfromracialdiscrimination). \! 4 HO  5  TableofContents6]Oq  7  #  %  XLXGUILTYPLEAS#XXL?#%2 l%  UnitedStatesv.Andrades,169F.3d131(2ndCir.1999)(failuretodeterminefactualbasisforpleaandtodeterminethatdefendant  ' understoodnatureofthecharge). !( UnitedStatesv.Livorsi,180F.3d76(2ndCir.1999)(inadequatepleacolloquyduetoincompleteinquiryintodefendantsmental  #f * state). #*!+ UnitedStatesv.HernandezWilson,186F.3d1(1stCir.1999)(defendantmisledastoeligibilityforsentencingundersafetyvalve, U%"- andthuswasentitledtohavepleasetaside). &v#. UnitedStatesv.GomezOrozco,188F.3d422(7thCir.1999)(defendant,whopleadedguiltytoillegalreentrybyanalien,entitled '$0 towithdrawpleainlightofnewevidencethatheisanAmericancitizen). e(%1 UnitedStatesv.Damon,191F.3d561(4thCir.1999)(remandnecessarytodetermineiffailuretodetermineatpleacolloquyextent )J'3 defendantsmedicationhadonabilitytomakevoluntarypleawasharmlesserror). *(4 UnitedStatesv.PortilloCano,192F.3d1246(9thCir.1999)(CourtofAppealshadjurisdictiontodeterminewhetherpleawasvalid 9,)6 inordertoassessenforceabilityofdefendantspurportedwaiverofrighttoappeal). ,Z*7 UnitedStatesv.Johnson,194F.3d657(5thCir.1999)(inprosecutionforchurchburningunderfederalarsonstatute,factualbasis .+9 xO# wX   forguiltypleainsufficientwhereonlyevidenceofinterstatecommercenexuswasoutofstateinsurerspaymenttochurchandfact  thatchurchwasaduespayingmemberofanorganizationthatfundedanationalbody). g UnitedStatesv.Blackwell,199F.3d623(2ndCir.1999)(wheredistrictcourtdidnotdrawattentiontoappealwaiveranddidnot L discusswithdefendantelementsofchargedcrime,pleawasnotknowing,intelligentandvoluntary).  UnitedStatesv.Hernandez.203F.3d614(9thCir.2000)(denialofselfrepresentationviolatedSixthAmendmentandrendered w defendantsguiltypleainvoluntary). ; UnitedStatesv.Guess,203F.3d1143(9thCir.2000)(governmentwaivedpotentialproceduraldefaultbydefendant,andrecord   didnotsupportguiltyplea).    UnitedStatesv.Fernandez,205F.3d1020(7thCir.2000)(defendantwasnotsufficientlyawareofconspiracycrimetowhichhe  l  pleadedguiltyandnotawareofminimummandatorysentence).  0  UnitedStatesv.AngelesMascote,206F.3d529(5thCir.2000)(AlienstoppedatportofentryhadnotillegallyenteredUnited [  States;plainerrorfoundinacceptanceofguiltyplea.). |   UnitedStatesv.HernandezFraire,208F.3d945(11thCir.2000)(plainerrorfordistrictcourttofailtoensurethat   defendantunderstoodhisrightsbeforeacceptingplea).  i   UnitedStatesv.James,210F.3d1342(11thCir.2000)(Pleacolloquydidnotadequatelyestablishthatdefendantunderstood L thenatureofthecharge.).   UnitedStatesv.Vonn,211F.3d1109(9thCir.2000)(Districtcourtsfailuretoadvisedefendantatpleahearingofrighttocounsel 7 attrialwasnotharmlesserror.). X UnitedStatesv.Halter,217F.3d551(8thCir.2000)(Actualpunishmentasdeterminedundertheguidelines,asopposedtostatutory  maximum,istheproperbasisforidentifyingthe moreseriouschargeforpurposesofrequirementthatdefendant,inseekingto G setasideguiltypleaunderBaileydecisionforuseandcarryingfirearmduringandinrelationtodrugtraffickingoffense,mustshow  h actualinnocenceofanyandall moreseriouschargesforegonebygovernmentinthecourseofpleabargainingtoovercome , proceduraldefaultofchallengetoguiltyplea).  UnitedStatesv.BarriosGutierrez,218F.3d1118(9thCir.2000)(defendantentitledtorepleadorhavesentencereducedto W maximumstatedbydistrictcourtatpleacolloquywherecourtfailedtoproperlyadvisedefendantofmaximumpossiblepenalty). x  UnitedStatesv.Vonn,224F.3d1152(9thCir.2000)(failuretoadvisedefendantduringguiltypleacolloquyofhisrighttocounsel " attrialwasnotharmless). g#      P    UnitedStatesv.Santo,225F.3d92(1stCir.2000)(courtsunderstatementofminimummandatorysentenceviolatedrulegoverning L% pleahearingsandaffecteddefendantssubstantialrights). & UnitedStatesv.GandiaMaysonet,227F.3d1(1stCir.)(districtcourtimproperlytolddefendantatpleacolloquywhatitwouldtake ;!( forgovernmenttoprovescienterelementofcarjacking). !\) UnitedStatesv.Goodall,236F.3d700(D.C.2001)(Wherepartiesagreedon57-71guidelinerange,butactualguidelinerangewas # + 70-87months,andenteredintoan11(e)(1)(C)pleaagreement,districtcourterredbyfailingtoconsidertheentire57-71stipulated K$!, guidelinerangeandnotjusttheoverlapping70-71monthguidelinerange;ifcourtmeanttoacceptpleaagreement,butmodified %l"- ittotherangesuggestedbythePSR,thenthedefendantmustberesentencedwiththecourtconsideringtheentire57-71month %0#. range;ifthecourtrejectedthepleaagreement,thenthecourtmustgivethedefendantanopportunitytowithdrawhisplea &#/ [recognizingsplitofauthoritywith7thand9thCircuitsagreeingwiththisdecisionandthe1stand4thCircuitsdisagreeing].). $  ['$0 UnitedStatesv.Abbott,241F.3d29(1stCir.2001)(Failureofgovernmenttodiscloseatplealinkagebetweenpleaagreements (@&2 withdefendantandhismother,whowaschargedwithwitnesstampering,,renderedpleaproceedingdefective.). )'3 UnitedStatesv.Harrison,241F.3d289(2ndCir2001)(Errorinfailuretoinformdefendantduringpleacolloquythathewassubject /+(5 tominimummandatorysentencewasnotharmless). +P)6      P UnitedStatesv.Ruiz,257F.3d1030(9thCir.2001)( Fairandjustreasonstandard,ratherthan manifestinjusticestandard, {-*8 appliestodefendantsmotiontowithdrawguiltypleapriortosentencingbutafteracodefendanthadbeensentenced). ?.+9  /`,: F$ ,w   UnitedStatesv.Carr,271F.3d172(4thCir.2001)(insufficientfactualbasistosupportguiltypleatoarsonchargebecauseinterstate  commerceelementnotestablished). g UnitedStatesv.LujanoPerez,274F.3d219(5thCir.2001)(Failuretoexplainnatureofcrimechargedduringguiltypleacolloquy L incaseinwhichindictmentswereneverreadandtherewerenowrittenpleaagreementswasnotharmlesserror.).  UnitedStatesv.Stubbs,279F.3d402(6thCir.2002)(Misinformationregardingsentencingrendereddefendantsguiltyplea ; involuntarysothatappealwaiverwasnotbinding.). \ UnitedStatesv.Shaker,279F.3d494(7thCir.2002)(Wheredistrictcourtdefersacceptingguiltyplea,defendanthasunfettered   righttowithdrawit.).    UnitedStatesv.Moyer,282F.3d1311(10thCir.2002)(remandtoallowdefendanttowithdrawguiltypleawheredefendantnot  l  madefullyawareofgenuineconsequencesofhisplea).  0  UnitedStatesv.Day,285F.3d1167(9thCir.2002)(Counselsadvicethatdefendantwouldonlybeallowedtomakesentencing [  entrapmentargumentifheproceededtotrialdepriveddefendantofopportunityintelligentlytoconsiderhispleaofferandtomake |  informeddecisionaboutitandwasprejudicial.). @  UnitedStatesv.Spruill,292F.3d207(5thCir.2002)(Courtcouldreversebasedonnodeterminationoffactualbasisforpleadespite k  pleaagreementlimitingappealtoSecondandFifthAmendmentissues.). / Davisv.Combes,294F.3d931(7thCir.2002)(Defendantwasentitledtowithdrawhispleafreelyandwithoutinquirywhereplea  hadnotyetbeenacceptedbythecourt.). { UnitedStatesv.Reyes,300F.3d555(5thCir.2002)(plainerrorfordistrictcourtnottomentionsentencingguidelines). ` UnitedStatesv.Rea,300F.3d952(8thCir.2002)(Inprosecutionunderfederalarsonstatute,therewasaninsufficientfactualbasis  tosupportconditionalpleabecauseofinsufficientevidencethatchurchannexwasusedininterstatecommerceorinanyactivity O affectinginterstatecommerce.). p UnitedStatesv.DominguezBenitez,310F.3d1221(9thCir.2002)(Failureofdistrictcourttoadvisedefendantbeforehispleathat  hecouldnotwithdrawhispleaaffectedhissubstantialrights,andthusamountedtoplainerror.). _ UnitedStatesv.Seesing,234F.3d456(9thCir.2000)(Errorinnotcomplyingwithruleregardingacceptanceofguiltypleawas D! notharmless.). " 4 HO  5  TableofContents6qO  7  3$  XLX%  %_ HABEASCORPUS/2255#XXL@ # & %  % ACTUALINNOCENCECLAIMS g!(  UnitedStatesv.Jones,172F.3d381(5thCir.1999)(inmateentitledtopresentevidenceofactualinnocenceonmotiontovacate).  "H *  UnitedStatesv.Mikalajunas,186F.3d490(4thCir.1999)(Actualinnocenceexceptiontoproceduraldefaultappliesinnoncapital q$!, sentencingonlyinthecontextofeligibilityforapplicationofacareeroffenderorotherhabitualoffenderprovisionundersentencing 5%"- guidelines.).  %V#.      P    Johnsonv.UnitedStates,186F.3d876(8thCir.1999)(failuretoholdevidentiaryhearingtodeterminewhetherdefendantwas '$0 actuallyinnocentofcrimeofconvictionoranymoreseriouschargeswhichweredroppedinexchangeforguiltypleawaserror).  C(%1  UnitedStatesv.Garth,188F.3d99(3rdCir.1999)(movantentitledtoshowthathewasactuallyinnocentoffirearmsoffenseso )&'3 astoovercomeproceduraldefaultofchallengetoguiltypleaforthatoffense).  *'4  Hamptonv.UnitedStates,191F.3d395(6thCir.1999)(habeasmotionremandedtodetermineissueofactualinnocence).  ,p)6  Latorrev.UnitedStates,193F.3d1035(8thCir.1999)(petitionerentitledtohearingonclaimofactualinnocencedespitehis -*8 admissionsduringpleacolloquyandviaaffidavitinsubsequentpostconvictionproceedings).  ].+9  UnitedStatesv.Halter,217F.3d551(8thCir.2000)(Actualpunishmentasdeterminedundertheguidelines,asopposedtostatutory /@-; /N% X   maximum,istheproperbasisforidentifyingthe moreseriouschargeforpurposesofrequirementthatdefendant,inseekingto X setasideguiltypleaunderBaileydecisionforuseandcarryingfirearmduringandinrelationtodrugtraffickingoffense,mustshow  actualinnocenceofanyandall moreseriouschargesforegonebygovernmentinthecourseofpleabargainingtoovercome  proceduraldefaultofchallengetoguiltyplea.).  L Wyzykowskiv.DeptofCorrections,226F.3d1213(11thCir.2000)(remandedtodetermineifpetitionercouldmake h showingofactualinnocencebeforedeterminingifAEDPAlimitationsprovisionwasunconstitutionalasviolationofhabeas * corpusSuspensionClause).   Majoyv.Roe,296F.3d770(9thCir.2002)(Actualinnocenceclaim,ifsustained,overcomesdefensebasedontimebarredclaims.).  p  UnitedStatesv.Couto,311F.3d179(2ndCir.2002)(Districtcourthaddiscretiontoevaluatedefendantsclaimofinnocence.).     %  %,ADEQUATEANDINDEPENDENTSTATELAWGROUND | $   LaCrossev.Kernan,211F.3d468(9thCir.2000)(Federalhabeasclaimnotdefaultedbecausestatecourtdecisionwasbasedon   adequateandindependentstatelawground;petitionerwasentitledtoevidentiaryhearing.).  l   Morrisv.Woodford,229F.3d775(9thCir.2000)(noindependentandadequatestatelawgroundfordenyingreliefinstatecourt).  L   Moorev.Bryant,295F.3d771(7thCir.2002)(Statecourtdidnotclearlyrelyonwaiverasindependentandadequatestatelaw z groundfordenyingineffectiveassistanceofcounselclaim.). >  4 HO  5  TableofContents6/O0  7 60   %   % 0CERTIFICATESOFAPPEALABILITY J  Hohnv.UnitedStates,193F.3d921(8thCir.1999)(ClaimunderBaileyv.UnitedStateswasconstitutionalinnatureentitling & defendanttocertificateofappealability.).    Slackv.McDaniel,___U.S.___,120S.Ct.1595(2000)(Whendistrictcourtdenieshabeaspetitiononproceduralgroundswithout p reachingmeritsofunderlyingconstitutionalclaim,aCOAshouldissueifthepetitionershows,atleast,thatjuristsofreasonwould 4 finditdebatablewhetherthepetitionstatesaclaimofthedenialofaconstitutionalrightandthatjuristsofreasonwouldfindit  debatablewhetherthedistrictcourtwascorrectinitsproceduralruling;ahabeaspetitionfiledafteraninitialpetitionwasdismissed d  withoutadjudicationonthemeritsforfailuretoexhauststateremediesisnota secondorsuccessivepetitionundertheAEDPA.).  (!  Paredesv.Atherton,224F.3d1161(10thCir.2000)(COAproperlygrantedwheredistrictcourtsproceduralrulingwasdebatable # andpetitionerallegedineffectiveassistanceofcounselinconnectionwithentryofguiltyplea). r$  Morrisv.Woodford,229F.3d775(9thCir.2000(Petitionerpresentedcolorableconstitutionalclaimssufficienttowarrantissuance R& ofCOA.).   '  Petrocelliv.Angelone,248F.3d877(9thCir.2001)(PetitionerentitledtoCOAwithrespecttoclaimsdistrictcourtfoundtobe !D) procedurallydefaulted.). `" *  Murphyv.Ohio,263F.3466(6thCir.2001)(DenialofCOAwasunwarrantedwherepetitionerdidnotrequestCOAfromdistrict #!, courtandwheredistrictcourtdidnotanalyzewhetherdefendantmadesubstantialshowingofthedenialofaconstitutionalright.).  $R"-  Hallv.Scott,292F.3d1264(10thCir.2002)(Petitionermadesubstantialandtimelyshowingofdenialofaconstitutionalrightso 0&#/ astorequireissuanceofCOA.).  &$0  Castrov.UnitedStates,310F.3d900(6thCir.2002)(DistrictcourtisrequiredtoissueordenyCOAafterdefendantfilesnotice z("&2 ofappeal,eventhoughdefendantdidnotmoveforCOA.).  >)&3  4 HO  5  TableofContents6:O:  7 );  *l(5 %  %;EVIDENTIARYHEARING J,)7  Singletonv.Johnson,178F.3d381(5thCir.1999)(evidentiaryhearingrequiredonissueofwhethercounselknewofdefendants -v+9 desiretoappeal).  .:,:  V/,; X& X,   Johnsonv.UnitedStates,186F.3d876(8thCir.1999)(failuretoholdevidentiaryhearingtodeterminewhetherdefendantwas  actuallyinnocentofcrimeofconvictionoranymoreseriouschargeswhichweredroppedinexchangeforguiltypleawaserror).  g  Youngv.Weston,192F.3d870(9thCir.1999)(evidentiaryhearingnecessaryonexpostfactoanddoublejeopardyclaimsbecause J petitionerallegedfactswhich,ifproven,wouldestablishpunitivenatureofhisconfinement).    Latorrev.UnitedStates,193F.3d1035(8thCir.1999)(petitionerentitledtohearingonclaimofactualinnocencedespitehis 7 admissionsduringpleacolloquyandviaaffidavitinsubsequentpostconvictionproceedings).  X  Williamsv.Taylor,___U.S.___,120S.Ct.1479(2000)(Onissueofwhetherprisonerisentitledtoevidentiaryhearingonclaim  forwhichprisonerhasfailedtodevelopfactualbasisinstatecourtproceedings,failuretodevelopfactualbasisisnotestablished    andprisonerisentitledtoevidentiaryhearingunlessthereislackofdiligenceorsomegreaterfaultattributabletoprisoneror G   prisonerscounsel;petitionerwasentitledtoevidentiaryhearingonhisclaimsofjurorbiasandprosecutorialmisconduct.).  h   UnitedStatesv.Felici,208F.3d667(8thCir.2000)(Petitionerentitledtoevidentiaryhearingonissueofwhetherintendeddrug   relatedmaterialswereinfactutilizedorintendedtobeutilizedformanufacture,storage,ortransportationofcontrolledsubstances.). U   UnitedStatesv.ChaconPalomares,208F.3d1157(9thCir.2000)(Evidentiaryhearingrequiredonclaimofineffectiveassistance 8  ofcounsel.).     Amielv.UnitedStates,209F.3d195(2ndCir.2000)(hearingrequiredonpetitionersmotiontovacateduetoallegedconflictof % interest). F      P  Mayesv.Gibson,210F.3d1284(10thCir.2000)(Evidentiaryhearingrequiredonissueofineffectiveassistanceofcounsel.). o Schellv.Witek,218F.3d1017(9thCir.2000)(Petitionerwasentitledtoevidentiaryhearingonhismotionforsubstituteappointed T counselandonhisclaimofineffectiveassistanceofcounsel.).  Brownv.Johnson,224F.3d461(5thCir.2000)(inadequateevidentiaryhearingonclaimsforwhichstatecourtfailedtomake C factualfindings). d Morrisv.Woodford,229F.3d775(9thCir.2000)(Petitionerpresentedcolorableconstitutionalclaimssufficienttowarrant  evidentiaryhearing).  S  Koskelav.UnitedStates,235F.3d1148(8thCir.2001)(Failuretoholdevidentiaryhearingonissueofwhethercounselrendered 6! ineffectiveassistancebynotpresentingalibiwitnessesandalibidefensewasabuseofdiscretion.).  "     Lambrightv.Stewart,241F.3d1201(9thCir.2001)(Petitionerentitledtoevidentiaryhearingonineffectiveassistanceclaim.).  #$  Solisv.UnitedStates,252F.2d289(3dCir.2001)(Defendantentitledtoevidentiaryhearingonclaimthatheinstructedattorney & toappeal,butattorneyfailedtoact.). m ' Brucev.UnitedStates,256F.3d592(7thCir.2001)(Prisonerentitledtoevidentiaryhearingtodeterminewhetherdefensecounsel !R) adequatelyassessedpotentialalibiwitnesses). " * Narav.Frank,264F.3d310(3rdCir.2001)(Statecourtmotiontowithdrawguiltypleanuncprotuncwasproperlyfiledapplication A$!, forcollateralreviewundertollinglimitationsprovisionandceasedtobependingonlywhenstatesupremecourtdeniedpetitionfor %b"- allowanceofappealchallengingdenialofmotion;evidentiaryhearingwarrantedonissueofequitabletolling.). %&#.  Phillipsv.Woodford,267F.3d966(9thcir.2001)(Petitionerstwocolorableclaimsthatcounselwasineffectiveforpresenting O'$0 alibidefenseandnot shootoutdefenseandthatpetitionersdueprocessrightswereviolatedbyprosecutionwitnesssfalse (p%1 testimonythatshehadnotbeenofferedadealinreturnforhertestimony!warrantedevidentiaryhearingindeathpenaltycase.). (4&2 Summerlinv.Stewart,267F.3d926(9thCir.2001)(Petitionersclaimthattrialjudgesallegeduseofandaddictiontomarijuana _*'4 deprivedhimofdueprocessmeritedevidentiaryhearing.). #+(5 Silvav.Woodford,279F.3d825(9thCir.2002)(Ineffectiveassistanceforfailuretoinvestigatemitigatingevidenceforpenaltyphase ,*7 ofcapitaltrialwarrantedhabeasrelief;abuseofdiscretionfordistrictcourttofailtoconductevidentiaryhearingonBradyclaim). o-*8 Turnerv.Calderon,281F.3d851(9thCir.2002)(Allegationthattrialcounselfailedtodevelopandintroducemitigatingevidence .T,: L' ,   duringpenaltyphaseofcapitaltrialwarrantedevidentiaryhearing.).   Fieldsv.Woodford,281F.3d963(9thCir.2002)(evidentiaryhearingnecessarytodeterminejurorbias).  +  Fullwoodv.Lee,290F.3d663(4thCir.2002)(Petitionerwasentitledtoevidentiaryhearingonclaimthatjurorwasimproperly  influencedbyherhusbandinvotingondeathsentence;petitionerentitledtoevidentiaryhearingtoexplorewhetherjurywas u improperlyinfluencedbyconsiderationthathehadreceiveddeathsentencefromanotherjury.). 9  Aronv.UnitedStates,291F.3d708(11thCir.2002)(Movantwasentitledtoevidentiaryhearingonissueofwhetherhe  exercisedduediligenceindiscoveringappellatecounselsallegedlydeficientfailuretoappealhissentence.).      4 HO  5  TableofContents6]WOqW  7 W   d  %  %0XEXHAUSTION    OSullivanv.Boerckel,119S.Ct.1728(1999)(Inordertosatisfyexhaustionrequirementforhabeascorpus,petitionermustfirst n  presentissuetostatesupremecourtfordiscretionaryreview.).  2   Brownv.Shanks,185F.3d1122(10thCir.1999)(Dismissalofhabeaspetitionwhichcontainedbothexhaustedandunexhausted [  claimswasappropriatewhereunexhaustedclaiminvolvedanissueoffirstimpressionunderstatelaw.). | Bledsuev.Johnson,188F.3d250(5thCir.1999)(AlthoughpetitionerfailedtoseekdiscretionaryreviewbyCourtofCriminal  Appealsfollowingaffirmanceofconvictionbyintermediatecourt,applicationforhabeasrelieftoCourtofCriminalAppeals k sufficienttoexhauststateremedies;prosepetitionersclaimofinsufficientproofofintentimplicitlypresentedissueofweightso / astoavoidproceduralbar). P Ѐ    Swoopesv.Sublet,196F.3d1008(9thCir.1999)(ArizonahasdeclaredthatdiscretionaryreviewbyArizonaSupremeCourtisnot { includedinits completeroundofestablishedappellatereview,andhenceneednotbesoughtforfederalhabeascorpusexhaustion ? purposespursuanttoJohnsonv.UnitedStates,196F.3d802(7thCir.1999)(proposedamendmenttomotiontovacatefiledbefore ` AEDPAeffectivedatenota secondorsuccessivepetitioneventhoughamendmentsfiledafterOSullivanv.Boerckel)). $ UnitedStatesv.Clark,203F.3d358(5thCir.2000)(Petitionerexhaustedstateremediesandwasincustody;hence,petitionshould O nothavebeendismissed). p  Morganv.Bennett,204F.3d360(2ndCir.2000)(ConfrontationClauseclaimswereproperlyexhaustedbyhabeaspetitioner.). " Tillemav.Long,253F.3d494(9thCir.2001)(In28U.S.C.2254action,districtcourtcommittedprejudiciallegalerrorwhenit #$ dismissedprisonershabeaspetitionwithoutaffordinghimtheopportunitytoabandonhissoleunexhaustedclaimasanalternative D% tosufferingdismissalofpetition;districtcourtserrorequitablytolledstatuteoflimitations). & Zarvelav.Artuz,254F.3d374(2ndCir.2001)(Habeaspetitionshouldhavebeentreatedasifstayed,forpurposesofdetermining 3!( timelinessofrefiledpetition,wherepetitionersentryintostatecourtstoexhaustpreviouslyunexhaustedclaimsandhisreturnto !T) federalcourtoccurredpromptly). " * Moorev.Luebbers,262F.3d757(8thCir.2001)(SincefailuretoseekdiscretionaryreviewinMissouriSupremeCourtpredated C$!, SupremeCourtdecisioninOSullivanv.Boerckel,andsinceMissourispriorpositionhadbeenthatdiscretionaryreviewwasnot %d"- necessarytoexhauststateremedies,petitionwasnotbarredbyfailuretoexhaust.). %(#. Dixonv.Dormire,263F.3d774(8thCir.2001)(Exhaustiondoctrinewasnotappliedtopetitionerswhowerelulledintonotseeking S'$0 discretionaryreviewinMissouriSupremeCourtwherepetitionersreasonablybelievedthatstateproceduralrulesdidnotpresent (t%1 barandwerenotfairlyapprisedthatstatewouldchangeitsfirmlyheldpositionofnotassertingexhaustiondefenseonthisbasis.). (8&2 Colemanv.Kemna,263F.3d785(8thCir.2001)(BecausepetitionersbypasseddiscretionaryreviewpriortoSupremeCourts c*'4 BoerckeldecisionandbecausestatespriorandconsistentpositionbeforeBoerckelwasthatdiscretionaryreviewwasnotnecessary '+(5 toexhauststateremedies,dismissalofhabeaspetitionwithprejudicewouldbereversed.). +H)6 Wengerv.Frank,266F.3d218(3rdCir.2001)(ClaimthatsentenceviolatedpetitionersdueprocessandEighthAmendmentrights s-*8 wasexhausted.). 7.+9 Moorev.Schoeman,288F.3d1231(10thCir.2002)(improperhybriddispositionofunexhaustedclaimsbydismissingonewithout /-; L( X,   prejudiceandtheotheronthemerits).  Barresiv.Maloney,296F.3d48(1stCir.2002)(Habeaspetitionersatisfiedexhaustionrequirementbycitingfederalcasesinsupport + ofintermediatestateappellatecourtfilings,althoughhedidnotspecificallyhighlightfederalclaimsinstatecourt.). L Hillv.Anderson,300F.3d679(6thCir.2002)(Issueofpetitionersmentalretardationraisedseriousissueregardingvoluntariness w ofhisconfession,requiringremandfordismissalofunexhaustedAtkinsclaim,stayofexhaustedclaims,stayconditionedon ; promptlyseekingrelieffromstatecourtonAtkinsclaim.). \ 4 HO  5  TableofContents6mOm  7 m    %  %snINCUSTODY  I    UnitedStatesv.Clark,203F.3d358(5thCir.2000)(Petitionerexhaustedstateremediesandwasincustody;hence,petitionshould  ,  nothavebeendismissed).   Fosterv.Booher,296F.3d947(10thCir.2002)(Federalhabeaspetitioneris incustodywherehehascompletedservingfirstof x  twoconsecutivesentencesimposedbytwodifferentcourtsatdifferenttimeswhereheisstillservingsecondsentence.). <   4 HO  5  TableofContents6pOp  7 q  e  %  %qPROCEDURALDEFAULT/CAUSEANDPREJUDICE H  UnitedStatesv.Gordon,172F.3d753(10thCir.1999)(constitutionalclaimsnotprocedurallybarredonmotiontovacate).  o  Burnsv.Gammon,173F.3d1089(8thCir.1999)(possiblecauseforproceduraldefaultinconflictofinterestofappellatecounsel).  R  LaGrandv.Stewart,173F.3d1144(9thCir.1999)(LethalgasmethodofexecutioninArizonadeclaredviolationof8thAmendment; { causeandprejudiceestablishedforfailuretoraiseinfirsthabeaspetition.).  ?  Mingov.Artuz,174F.3d73(2ndCir.1999)(habeaspetitionerentitledtoremandforconsiderationofconfrontationclauseand " proceduraldefaultissues).    Restrepov.Kelly,178F.3d634(2ndCir.1999)(Failingtofilenoticeofappealbyattorneyiscauseandprejudicialpersefor l  purposeofhabeasreview.).  0!  UnitedStatesv.Garth,188F.3d99(3rdCir.1999)(movantentitledtoshowthathewasactuallyinnocentoffirearmsoffenseso Y# astoovercomeproceduraldefaultofchallengetoguiltypleaforthatoffense).  z$  Parkv.California,202F.3d1146(9thCir.2000)(Bradyandspeedytrialclaimsnotprocedurallydefaulted). &  Whitev.Bowersox,206F.3d776(8thCir.2000)(Newstateproceduralruleslimitingremediesavailabletodefendantabandoned +!( bycounselinstatepostconvictionproceedingdidnotbarfederalhabeasreviewofclaimsprocedurallydefaultedunderstaterules.).  !L)  Beaversv.Saffle,216F.3d918(10thCir.2000)(claimofineffectiveassistancenotprocedurallybarredsincestatecourtstreated u# + motiontoappealoutoftimeasmotionforpostconvictionreliefanddefendantentitledtoahearing). 9$!, Manningv.Foster,224F.3d1129(9thCir.2000)(Causeforproceduraldefaultexistedwherepetitionerfailedtoseekcollateral %#. reliefinrelianceonactionsofattorneywhofailedtoperfecttimelyappealafterpetitionermadetimelyrequestthathedoso,creating &#/ presumptionofprejudice.). I'$0 Lambrightv.Stewart,241F.3d1201(9thCir.2001)(Statecourtproceduraldefaultdidnotbarfederalhabeasreviewbecauselast (.&2 reasonedstate-courtopiniondidnotclearlyinvokeproceduraldefaultrule.). )&3 Mitchellv.Mason,257F.3d554(6thCir.2001)(Petitioners2254claimnotprocedurallybarred;statecourtsincorrectanalysis +z(5 ofpetitionersclaimofcompletedenialofcounselwarrantedhabeasrelief.). +>)6 Reaganv.Norris,279F.3d651(8thCir.2002)(Ineffectiveassistanceofposttrialcounselandstateappellatecounselwerecause i-*8 andprejudiceforproceduraldefault.). -.+9 xO) wX   Melendezv.Pliler,288F.3d1120(9thCir.2002)(Statecontemporaneousobjectionruledidnotbarconsiderationofpetitioners g ConfrontationClauseclaim.). + Bennettv.Mueller,296F.3d752(9thCir.2002)(Statehasburdentopleadandprovedefenseofproceduraldefaultinfederalhabeas  corpuscase;questionofwhetherCaliforniasuntimelinessbartostatehabeasreliefwasadequatetosupportproceduraldefault w defenseonfederalhabeasreviewrequiredremandforconsiderationofissuebydistrictcourtunderburdenshiftinganalysis.). ; UnitedStatesv.Palmer,296F.3d1135(D.C.Cir.2002)(SuccessivemotionbarunderAEDPAdoesnotapplywheredistrictcourt   recharacterizesuntimelymotionfornewtrialasmotiontovacate,setaside,orcorrectconvictionanddoesnotadvisedefendant    ofitssuasponterecharacterizationwithoutgivingdefendantopportunitytoobject.). K   UnitedStatesv.Wiseman,297F.3d975(10thCir.2002)(DefendantwasnotprocedurallybarredfromassertingaCastilloclaim,  0  andTeagueruledidnotbarretroactiveapplicationofCastillo,requiringjurydeterminationofweapontypeinprosecutionforusing   semiautomaticweaponduringcrimeofviolence,becausecourtinCastillodidnotannouncenewruleofcriminalprocedure.). [  Scottv.Mullin,303F.3d1222(10thCir.2002)(Statesfailuretodiscloseexculpatoryevidenceprovidedcausetoexcusepetitioners @  proceduraldefaultofBradyclaim.).   4 HO  5  TableofContents6O  7  /  %  % PROSECUTORIALWAIVEROFDEFENSE   Stoufferv.Reynolds,214F.3d1231(10thCir.2000)(StipulationresultedinwaiverbyStateofanyexhaustionrequirement;capital ; defendantprejudicedbycounselsfailureatguiltphaseoftrialtolayproperfoundationforrelevantevidence,tochallengestates \ evidence,andtosetforthdefensivetheory.).     Garceauv.Woodford,281F.3d919(9thCir.2002)(Teagueissueraisedbystateforfirsttimeinpetitionforrehearingwouldnot I beheard.).   j  Scottv.Collins,286F.3d923(6thCir.2002)(Statesfailuretoraisetimelinessissueresultedinwaiverofstatuteoflimitations  defense;suaspontedismissalofpetitionasuntimelywaserroneous.).  W  4 HO  5  TableofContents68OL  7 z  :! % ! %! RELATIONBACKOFAMENDMENTS c#  Woodwardv.Williams,263F.3d1135(10thCir.2001)(Amendmenttohabeaspetitionrelatedbacktofilingoforiginalpetition D% butonlywithrespecttoargumentthatwasmerelyclarifiedoramplifiedbyamendment.).  &  Littlejohnv.Artuz,271F.3d360(2ndCir.2001)(Amendmentofhabeaspetitionallowedwherenotsecondorsuccessive.).  1!(  4 HO  5  TableofContents6O#  7 Q  " * % # SECONDORSUCCESSIVEPETITIONS/TEAGUEISSUES%# =$!,  Swoopesv.Sublet,196F.3d1008(9thCir.1999)(ArizonahasdeclaredthatdiscretionaryreviewbyArizonaSupremeCourtisnot %#. includedinits completeroundofestablishedappellatereview,andhenceneednotbesoughtforfederalhabeascorpusexhaustion &#/ purposespursuanttoJohnsonv.UnitedStates,196F.3d802(7thCir.1999)(proposedamendmenttomotiontovacatefiledbefore I'$0 AEDPAeffectivedatenota secondorsuccessivepetitioneventhoughamendmentsfiledafterOSullivanv.Boerckel)).  (j%1 HaroArteagav.UnitedStates,199F.3d1195(10thCir.1999)(MotiontovacatewasnotsuccessiveunderAEDPAwhereprevious )&3 twomotionshadbeenvoluntarilydismissed.). Y*'4  Slackv.McDaniel,___U.S.___,120S.Ct.1595(2000)(Ahabeaspetitionfiledafteraninitialpetitionwasdismissedwithout +<)6 adjudicationonthemeritsforfailuretoexhauststateremediesisnota secondorsuccessivepetitionundertheAEDPA.). $  ,*7  UnitedStatesv.OrozcoRamirez,211F.3d862(5thCir.2000)(Claimsofineffectiveassistancearisingfromrepresentationinout ).+9 oftimeappealwerenotsecondorsuccessiveunderAEDPA.). .J,: ;* w    UnitedStatesv.Evans,224F.3d670(7thCir.2000)(Motionfornewtrialqualifiedasmotiontovacatesubjecttostatutory e restrictionsonsecondorsuccessivemotions.).  )  Flowersv.Walter,239F.3d1096(9thCir.2001)(ExpressstatementofretroactivitybySupremeCourtisnotrequiredforhabeas   claimtorelyon newruleofconstitutionallaw,maderetroactivetocasesoncollateralreviewbytheSupremeCourtwithin s meaningofAEDPA,suchthatclaimcanbebroughtinsecondorsuccessivepetition;Rigginsv.Nevadaclaimwasnewwatershed 7 ruleofcriminalprocedurethatappliedretroactivelyunderTeaguev.Laneandcouldbebroughtinsecondpetition.). X Petrocelliv.Angelone,242F.3d867(9thCir.2001)(Stateproceduralbarsnot adequatetoprecludefederalhabeasreview;  petitiondismissedwithoutprejudicedidnotmakesubsequentpetitionsecondorsuccessive.).    Petrocelliv.Angelone,248F.3d877(9thCir.2001)(Petitionerdidnotfilesecondorsuccessivepetitionwhenhefiledpetitionafter  h  firstpetitionwasdismissedwithoutprejudicebecauseitcontainedunexhaustedclaims.).  ,  Penningtonv.Norris,257F.3d857(8thCir.2001)(Petitionchallengingparoledenialwasnot secondorsuccessivemerelybecause W  petitionerhadpreviouslyfiledapetitionchallenginghisconviction.).   x   InreByrd,269F.3d585(6thCir.2001)(CourtofAppealshadjurisdictiontoorderrehearingofrequestforleavetofilesecond   petitionforwritofhabeascorpus,andcasewouldberemandedwherefactualbasiswasnotclearlysetoutinpetition.).  e   UnitedStatesv.Palmer,296F.3d1135(D.C.Cir.2002)(SuccessivemotionbarunderAEDPAdoesnotapplywheredistrictcourt H recharacterizesuntimelymotionfornewtrialasmotiontovacate,setaside,orcorrectconvictionanddoesnotadvisedefendant   ofitssuasponterecharacterizationwithoutgivingdefendantopportunitytoobject.).  s  UnitedStatesv.Wiseman,297F.3d975(10thCir.2002)(TeagueruledidnotbarretroactiveapplicationofCastillo,requiringjury V determinationofweapontypeinprosecutionforusingsemiautomaticweaponduringcrimeofviolence,becausecourtinCastillo  didnotannouncenewruleofcriminalprocedure.).    Chingv.UnitedStates,298F.3d174(2ndCir.2002)(Habeaspetitionwasproperlytreatedasamotiontovacate,butthemotion d shouldhavebeenconstruedasamotiontoamendpendingpostconvictionmotionratherthanassecondorsuccessivemotion).  ( Mobleyv.Head,306F.3d1096(11thCir.2002)(StayofexecutiongrantedtoawaitSupremeCourtsforthcomingdecision Q inAbdurRahamv.Bell,____U.S.____,122S.Ct.1605,152L.Ed.2d620(2002)onissueofwhethereveryRule60(b) p  motionconstitutesa secondorsuccessivehabeaspetitionasamatteroflaw.).[Ed.note:TheSupremeCourthasquashed 2! thewritinAbdurRahamasimprovidentlygranted.].  "  McIverv.UnitedStates,307F.3d1327(11thCir.2002)(Asamatteroffirstimpression,successfulmotiontofileanoutof z$ timenoticeofappealdoesnotrenderasubsequentcollateralchallenge secondorsuccessiveunderAEDPA.).  <% 4 HO  5  TableofContents6O  7 ޣ  e ' UNREASONABLEINTERPRETATIONOFFEDERALLAWBYSTATECOURT%  % !H)  Neversv.Killinger,169F.3d352(6thCir.1999)(MichiganSupremeCourtsfindingthatjuryspossessionofextraneous o# + informationwasharmlessunreasonableinlightofU.S.SupremeCourtprecedent). 3$!, Atleyv.Ault,191F.3d865(8thCir.1999)(WritgrantedduetoconstitutionaldefectthatstatecourtsHollowayinquiryintoconflict %#. ofinterestraisedbydefensecounselwas unreasonableapplicationofclearlyestablishedfederallaw.). &#/ Moorev.Gibson,195F.3d1152(10thCir.1999)(Stateappellatecourtsdeterminationthatunusualconductbydetectivesin (d%1 collectinghairandfibersampleswasnotmaterialforpurposesofBradywasunreasonable.). ((&2 Barkerv.Yukins,199F.3d867(6thCir.19999)(MichiganSupremeCourtsfindingofharmlesserrorintrialcourtsfailureto S*'4 instructjurythatpetitionerwouldhavebeenjustifiedinusingdeadlyforcetostopimminentrapewasunreasonableapplicationof +t(5 federallawandwasimproperinvasionofjurysprovinceandpreventedpetitionerfrompresentingfulldefense.). +8)6 Washingtonv.Hofbauer,228F.3d689(6thCir.2000)(prosecutorialmisconductinclosingargumentbyimproperlyemphasizing c-*8 evidenceofdefendantsbadcharacter;ineffectiveassistanceofcounselnottoobject;statecourtsdeterminationthattrialcounsel '.+9 wasnotineffectivewasunreasonableapplicationoffederallaw,andprosecutorialmisconductviolatedpetitionersdueprocess .H,: L+      rights).    Boyettev.Lefevre,246F.3d76(2ndCir.2001)(Bradyviolationoccurredwhereprosecutionfailedtodisclosetodefensematerial ) whichcouldhavesuggestedanalternativeperpetratororcouldhavehelpedimpeachvictim;statecourtinterpretationwas J unreasonableapplicationofclearlyestablishedfederallawwhichwarrantedreliefundertheAEDPA).   Fowlerv.Collins,253F.3d244(6thCir.2001)(Petitionerentitledtowritofhabeascorpusongroundthatstatecourtsacceptance 7 ofhiswaiverofrighttocounselwasanunreasonableapplicationofestablishedSupremeCourtprecedent.). X Campbellv.Rice,265F.3d878(9thCir.2002)(Trialcourtsfailuretoinvestigatepossibleconflictofinterestwarrantedhabeasrelief  becausestatecourtsdeterminationthatdefendantwasnotentitledtoreliefwascontrarytoclearlyestablishedfederallaw.).    Florezv.Williams,281F.3d1136(10thCir.2002)(NewMexicoCourtofAppealsdeterminationthatfailuretorequestlesser  h  includedoffenseinstructionwasnotineffectiveunderStricklandwasunreasonableinterpretationoffederallaw.).  ,  Cockerhamv.Cain,283F.3d657(5thCir.2002)(Stateconvictionsbecamefinalwhenoutoftimeappealwasdecided,notwhen W  earlieroriginaldirectappealwasdecided;LouisianaSupremeCourtsvalidationof reasonabledoubtjuryinstructionfoundto x  beinfirminCagev.Louisianaunderdueprocessclausewas contrarytoestablishedfederallaw,warrantinghabeascorpusrelief.). <  Sawyerv.Hofbaufer,299F.3d605(6thCir.2002)(Byfailingtoaddresshestatesnondisclosureofnegativeforensictest,the g  stateappellatecourtengagedinanunreasonableapplicationoffederallawresultinginasufficientgroundforrelease). + Gentryv.Roe,300F.3d1007(9thCir.2002)(Statecourtdeterminationthatpetitionerwasnotdeniedeffectiveassistanceofcounsel  wasobjectivelyunreasonableapplicationoffederallawwarrantinghabeasrelief.). w Ryanv.Miller,303F.3d231(2ndCir.2002)(Policeofficerstestimonywashearsayimplicitlycontainingcodefendantsaccusation \ ofthedefendantinviolationofConfrontationClause;allowanceoftestimonywasunreasonableapplicationofclearlyestablished   federallawandwasnotharmless.).  Brownv.Sternes,304F.3d677(7thCir.2002)(Failuretoinvestigatepetitionerspsychiatricconditionandfailuretodemandaction l onunexecutedsubpoenaformedicalrecordsresultedinprejudicetopetitioner,andstatecourtsdeterminationtothecontrarywas 0 anunreasonableapplicationoffederallaw.).  4 HO  5  TableofContents6O  7 ظ |   %  %iGENERAL2254  " Quartararov.Hanslmaier,186F.3d91(2ndCir.1999)(Districtcourtcouldnotassumepositionof13thjuroronpetitionforhabeas 1$ corpusrelief;mustviewevidenceinlightmostfavorabletoprosecution.). R% Phoenixv.Matesanz,189F.3d20(1stCir.1999)(Determinationbygatekeeperjusticeonstatesupremecourtthatpetitioners } ' ineffectiveassistanceofcounselclaimwasnotsubstantialandthusdidnotwarrantfurtherstatecourtreviewdoesnotpreclude A!( federalhabeasreview.). "b) Cullenv.UnitedStates,194F.3d401(2ndCir.1999)(inhabeasactiondistrictjudgenotentitledtorejectmagistratejudges # + proposedfindingofprejudicewithouthearingmovantstestimonyandmakingcredibilitydetermination). Q$!, Smithv.Groose,205F.3d1045(8thCir.2000)(Useofoneofcodefendantstwofactuallycontradictoryversionsofeventsto %6#. convictdefendantcoupledwithuseofotherversiontoconvictanothercodefendantatlatertrialwarrantedhabeasrelief.). &#/ Evicciv.CommissionerofCorrections,226F.3d26(1stCir.2000)(impropertodismisspetitionersSixthAmendmentclaimon %(%1 proceduralgrounds). (F&2 Penryv.Johnson,121S.Ct.1910(2001)(Habeasreliefwarrantedwhereinstructionsonmitigatingcircumstancesincapitalcase q*'4 failedtoprovidejurywithvehicletogiveeffecttomitigatingcircumstancesofmentalretardationandchildhoodabuse.). 5+(5 McGregorv.Gibson,248F.3d946(10thCir.2001)(Writshouldhavebeengrantedbecausereasonablejudgeshouldhavehada ,*7 bonafidedoubtaboutpetitionerscompetence.).  -*8  Agnewv.Leibach,250F.3d1123(7thCir.2001)(habeasreliefwarrantedbecausebailiffwhotendedtojuryduringtrialtestified /d,:  Oa, L,         concerningdefendantsconfession).  4 HO  5  TableofContents6sO  7  +  GENERAL2255/IMPROPERDISMISSALORRULINGBYDISTRICTCOURT%     UnitedStatesv.Barron,172F.3d1153(9thCir.1999)(improperfordistrictcourttoconditiongrantingofmotiontovacateon 5 defendantswithdrawalofguiltyplea).  V  UnitedStatesv.Apker,174F.3d934(8thCir.1999)(2255motiondismissedbydistrictcourtremandedtodetermineifcharges  governmentagreednottoprosecuteinexchangeforguiltypleato924(c)chargeweremoreseriousthan924(c)charge).      UnitedStatesv.Barger,178F.3d844(7thCir.1999)(improperdismissalofvarious2255claimsasmoot).   d   Hookerv.Sivley,187F.3d680(5thCir.1999)(Districtcourtlackedjurisdictiontoconstruehabeaspetitionasmotiontovacate   withoutpriorauthorizationfromCourtofAppeals.).  Q   UnitedStatesv.Miller,197F.3d644(3rdCir.1999)(Districtcourtimproperlycharacterizedtwopostconvictionmotionsasone, 4  effectivelybarringdefendantfromfilinglaterfullfledgedcollateralattackonhisconviction.).     Duncanv.Walker,121S.Ct.2001(2001)(Applicationforfederalhabeascorpusreviewisnot applicationforStatepostconviction # orothercollateralreviewwithinthemeaningoftheAEDPA.). D UnitedStatesv.Kelly,235F.3d1238(10thCir.2000)(errortosuasponterecharacterizemotiontomodifysentenceasmotionto o vacate). 3 UnitedStatesv.Johnston,258F.3d361(5thCir.2001)(Consensualdelegationofmotiontovacate,setaside,orcorrectsentence  tomagistratejudgeisunconstitutional.).   Herbstv.Cook,260F.3d1039(9thCir.2001)(Asamatteroffirstimpression,districtcourterredinsuaspontedismissinghabeas b petitionwithoutgivingpetitionernoticeandopportunitytobeheard.).  &  Ruthv.UnitedStates,266F.3d658(7thCir.2001)(Defendantsmotionfornewtrialwasnotproperlycharacterizedasmotionto O vacate.). p   UnitedStatesv.Emmanuel,288F.3d644(4thCir.2002)(Treatmentofmotionforreductionofsentenceasamotiontovacatewas " improperwithoutnoticetothedefendantthatcourtintendedtotreatthemotionassuchsothatmovantcouldamendmotionto ]# includeallgroundsforpostconvictionreliefthemovantwishedtoraise.).  !~$  UnitedStatesv.Wynn,292F.3d226(5thCir.2002)(remandnecessaryforfindingsastowhetherattorneywasdeceptiveaboutfiling & motionforpostconvictionrelief). m '  Broadwaterv.UnitedStates,292F.3d1302(11thCir.2002)(Districtcourtwasrequiredtoprovideexplanationofits !R) summarydenialofpostconvictionmotioninordertoprovideCourtofAppealswithadequatebasisforreview.).  " *  4 HO  5  TableofContents6aOu  7   =$!, %  %4GENERAL2241 % #.  JuradoGutierrezv.Greene,190F.3d1135(10thCir.1999)(Habeasclaimchallengingdeportationcognizableunder28U.S.C. G'$0 2241).   (h%1  Jeffersv.Chandler,234F.3d277(5thCir.2000)(Post-convictionstatute28U.S.C.2241hassavingsclausewhichallowsa )&3 successivemotiononaclaimthatwasbasedonaSupremeCourtdecisionhandeddownafterpetitionerwasconvictedandafter U*'4 hehadexhaustedopportunitiesforpostconvictionrelief.).  +v(5 4 HO  5  6O  7 H 4 HO  5  TableofContents6mO  7  ,)7  XLX% % %%[HABEAS/GENERALLIMITATIONOFACTIONS#XXL<# '.+9 L- ,    UnitedStatesv.Stansfield,171F.3d806(3rdCir.1999)(reversedinpartbecausearsonstatuteoflimitationshadrun).  e  Nicholsv.Bowersox,172F.3d1068(8thCir.1999)(mailboxruleappliestofilingofhabeaspetition,anddeadlineisoneyearafter H effectivedateofAEDPA).     Fordv.Bowersox,178F.3d522(8thCir.1999)(Oneyearlimitationperiodforfilinghabeaspetitiondoesnotapplyifjudgment 5 becamefinalpriortoenactmentoftheAEDPA.).  V  Gaskinsv.Duval,183F.3d8(1stCir.1999)(oneyeargraceperiodforfilinghabeaspetitionbeganuponeffectivedateofAEDPA  andgraceperiodwastolledduringtimeinwhichpetitionersmotionforcollateralreviewwaspendinginstatecourts).     MoralesRiverav.UnitedStates,184F.3d109(1stCir.1999)(mailboxruleappliestoproseprisoner28U.S.C.2255motion,and  f  runsfromdateprisonerdepositedmotioninprisonsinternalsystem).    *  Villegasv.Johnson,184F.3d467(5thCir.1999)(ADEPAstatuteoflimitationstolledwhilesecondstatehabeaspetitionpending). U  Brownv.ODea,187F.3d572(5thCir.1999)(oneyeargraceperiodunderAEDPA;petitionnotsuccessive). :  Millsv.Norris,187F.3d881(8thCir.1999)(Petitionersappealfromdenialofhisstatecourtpetitionforpostconvictionrelief e  tolledlimitationsperiodunderAEDPAuntilendof90dayperiodforperfectingstatecourtappeal,eventhoughpetitionerdidnot ) perfectsuchanappeal.).  J  Milesv.Prunty,187F.3d1104(9thCir.1999)(habeaslimitationsperiodequitablytolledwhereactionsofprisonofficialsprevented s defendantfrommeetingdeadline).  7  UnitedStatesv.Lloyd,188F.3d184(3rdCir.1999)(claimnottimebarredwhenfiledwithinoneyearofSupremeCourtandCircuit  decisionsrecognizingrighttoraiseBaileyclaimoncollateralreview).    Bowenv.Roe,188F.3d1157(9thCir.1999)(statuteoflimitationsonhabeaspetitionbegantorunondatepetitionerstimefor d seekingcertiorarifromSupremeCourtexpired).  (  UnitedStatesv.Valdez,195F.3d544(9thCir.1999)(Motiontovacatefirearmsconviction,premisedonBailey,wastimelywhen Q filedpriortoBousleydecision,whichrecognizedrighttoraiseBaileyclaimoncollateralreview.). r   Bennettv.Artuz,199F.3d116(2ndCir.1999)(Sincepetitionersmotiontovacatewas pendinginstatecourtwhenhefiledhis " federalhabeaspetition,eventhoughitwasconsideredsuccessivepetitionunderNewYorkrules,statepetitiontollingprovision a# applied,andpetitionwasnottimebarredunderAEDPA.).  %$      P     X      ` UnitedStatesv.Burch,202F.3d1274(10thCir.2000)(Oneyearlimitationperiodforfilingpetitionforpostconvictionreliefbegins & torununderAEDPAaftertimeforseekingcertiorarihasexpired;timeperiodisnotextendedtoaccountforpossibilitythat o ' defendantcouldfilepetitionforrehearingofdenialofpetitionforcertiorari.). [Ed.note:Thiscaseisconsistentwiththerulingof 3!( theEleventhCircuitinBondv.Moore,309F.3d770(11thCir.2002).].  !V)  UnitedStatesv.Patterson,211F.3d927(5thCir.2000)(Equitabletollingofstatuteoflimitationsforfilingmotiontovacate # + occurredwheredistrictcourtdismisseddefendantsmotionwithoutprejudiceandleddefendanttobelievehecouldrefile.).  C$!,  Swartzv.Meyers,204F.3d417(3rdCir.2000)(habeaslimitationsperiodtolleduntilexpirationoftimeinwhichpetitionercould %&#. seekappealfromdenialofpostconvictionrelief).  &#/  UnitedStatesv.Colvin,204F.3d1221(9thCir.2000)(Limitationsperiodforfilingmotiontovacatedoesnotbegintorunoncase (p%1 whichwasremandeduntilamendedjudgmentisenteredandtimeinwhichtoappealamendedjudgmenthasexpired.).  (4&2  Walkerv.Artuz,208F.3d357(2ndCir.2000)(TollingofoneyearlimitationsperiodforhabeaspetitionsunderAEDPAduring ]*'4 thependencyof othercollateralreviewappliestofederalhabeaspetitionsaswellasapplicationsforstatereview.).  !+~(5  UnitedStatesv.Gamble,208F.3d537(5thCir.2000)(Oneyearlimitationsperiodforfilingmotiontovacatebeginstorunupon ,*7 expirationoftimeforseekingcertiorariintheSupremeCourt.).[Ed.note:ThiscaseisconsistentwiththerulingoftheEleventh k-*8 CircuitinBondv.Moore,309F.3d770(11thCir.2002).]. /.+9       P     X      `     Smithv.Ward,209F.3d383(5thCir.2000)(Oneyearperiodforseekingfederalhabeasreliefwastolledduringpendencyof /-; #. ,9   petitionersapplicationforstaterelief.). 9 UnitedStatesv.Garcia,210F.3d1058(9thCir.2000)(Oneyearlimitationsperiodforfilingmotiontovacaterunsfromtimefor  filingpetitionforcertiorariwithSupremeCourt,notfromdateofjudgmentofCourtofAppeals.).[Ed.note:Thisdecisionis L consistentwiththeholdingoftheEleventhCircuitinBondv.Moore,309F.3d770(11thCir.2002).]. I  UnitedStatesv.Agne,214F.3d47(10thCir.2000)(Defendantsuseoffraudulentdocumentstodrawfundsofbuyerthroughletter  ofcreditdidnot affectfinancialinstitutioninprosecutionforwirefraudsoastoextendlimitationsperiod.).  Z  Dilworthv.Johnson,215F.3d497(5thCir.2000)(Secondstatehabeaspetitiontolledlimitationsperiodforfilingstatepetition W  challenging1992conviction,althoughstatepetitionchallenged1987petitioninwhichsentencehadexpired,wherechallengewas    broughtbecausethe1987convictionwasusedtoenhancesentenceson1992convictions.).     Hepburnv.Moore,215F.3d1208(11thCir.2000)(Limitationsperiodforhabeaspetitionchallengingresentencingbegins e ,  torunondateofresentencingjudgment.).  '  Phillipsv.Donnelly,216F.3d508(5thCir.2000)(Equitabletollingdoctrinetolledlimitationsperiodforfourmonthsbetweenactual t  denialofthedefendantsstatehabeaspetitionandthewhenheallegedlyfirstreceivednotice.). q8  Hallv.Cain,216F.3d518(5thCir.2000)(petitionersstatehabeasproceedingwasproperlyfiledsoastotollthelimitationsperiod   forfilingundertheAEDPA).  @* Nylandv.Moore,216F.3d1264(11thCir.2000)(errorinnotfindingthathabeaspetitionersstatepostconvictionmotions E  werependinguntilthemandateissued;however,secondfederalhabeaspetitiondidnotrelatebacktodateoffilingoffirst    habeaspetition).   Saffoldv.Newland,224F.3d1087(9thCir.2000)(limitationsperiodunderAEDPAtolledduetopendingstatehabeasproceeding, O andmailboxruleappliedtostatehabeasfiling).  Wimsv.UnitedStates,225F.3d186(2ndCir.2000)(LimitationsperiodunderAEDPAbeginswhenfactsgivingrisetoclaim b reasonablycouldbeendiscoveredthroughexerciseofduediligence). _& Bronaughv..Ohio,235F.3d280(6thCir.2000)(Statuteoflimitationsforfilingfederalhabeaspetitionwastolledforperiodof  timeinwhichpetitionersapplicationtoreopendirectappealwaspending). r  UnitedStatesv.Grissett,236F.3d452(8thCir.2001)(Defendantwhowithdrewfromconspiracymorethanfiveyearsfrom 3" indictmentcouldnotbeprosecutedinfaceoflimitationsdefense.). #  UnitedStatesv.Ratcliff , 245F.3d1246(11thCir.2001)(Supersedingindictmentbroadenedorsubstantiallyamended F% originalchargesothatoriginalindictmentdidnottollstatuteoflimitationswithrespecttosuperseding indictment.). E &  UnitedStatesv.Wilson,249F.3d366(5thCir.2001)(Defendantwasentitledtohearingonfactissueastoadequacyofgovernments !( applicationtosupporttollingoffiveyearlimitationperiod.). "X) UnitedStatesv.Hitt,249F.3d1010(D.C.Cir.2001)(timebarredconspiracycountproperlydismissed). $ +  Saffoldv.Newland,250F.3d1262(9thCir.2001)(Mailboxruleappliedbothtofilingoffederalhabeaspetitionandtofilingofstate %f"- habeaspetition;defendantspendingstatehabeaspetitiontolledlimitationsperiodforfilingfederalpetitionunderAEDPA.). c&*#. UnitedStatesv.Johnson,254F.3d279(D.C.Cir.2001)(Districtcourtsissuanceofa12pagecombineddecisionandorder '$0 denyingprisonersmotiontovacatedidnotsatisfytheRule58separatedocumentrequirementandthusprisonerstimetoappeal (v%1 fromdenialofhismotionhadnotyetrun). s):&2 Hasanv.Galaza,254F.3d1150(9thCir.2001)(Limitationsperiodforfilinghabeasclaimallegingineffectiveassistanceofcounsel *'4 didnotbegintorununtilpetitionerkneworshouldhaveknownofrelationshipbetweenprosecutionwitnessandpersonwho +(5 possiblyengagedinwitnesstampering.). ,J)6 UnitedStatesv.RodriguezAguirre,264F.3d1195(10thCir.2001)(Wherenocivilforfeitureissought,limitationsperiodbegins  .*8 torunatconclusionofcriminalproceedings.). .+9 W/ 9   Ashleyv.UnitedStates,266F.3d671(7thCir.2001)(LimitationsperiodunderAEDPAbeginstorunondateofretroactivity g determinationandnotondateofunderlyingSupremeCourtdecision;prisonermayseekdeterminationthatSupremeCourtdecision + uponwhichherelieshasretroactiveapplication.). L Welchv.Newland,267F.3d1013(9thCir.2001)(LimitationsperiodunderAEDPAwastolledduringpendencyofstatehabeas w petitioneventhoughtherewasdelayoffouryearsbetweendismissalofinitialpetitionandfilingofpetitioninSupremeCourt.). ; Huizarv.Carey,273F.3d1220(9thCir.2001)(Prisonmailboxrule,whichdeemshabeaspetitionfiledondaypetitionisgivento   prisonauthorities,appliesevenifpetitionisneverfiledincourt.).    Smithv.Duncan,274F.3d1245(9thCir.2001)(HabeaspetitionwasimproperlydismissedbecausefiledwithinAEDPAlimitations  l  period.)  0  Blairv.Crawford,275F.3d1156(9thCir.2002)(PetitionersapplicationforextraordinarywritfromNevadaSupremeCourtwas [  properlyfiledasrequiredbytollingprovisionoffederalhabeasstatute.). |  Hillv.Braxton,277F.3d701(4thCir.2002)(Beforedistrictcourtdismisseshabeaspetitionforuntimeliness,itmustfirstgive   petitionernoticethatpetitionwillbedismissedabsentsufficientexplanation.). k  Priorv.UnitedStates,278F.3d612(6thCir.2002)(2255motionfiledwithinoneyearofSupremeCourtsBousleydecision P declaringBaileyretroactivetocasesoncollateralreviewwastimely.).  Corjassov.Ayers,278F.3d874(9thCir.2002)(equitabletollingwarrantedfordelaybetweenpetitionersoriginalattempttofile ? habeaspetitionandstatusconferenceheldseveralmonthslater;limitationsperiodtolledduringpendencyofstatehabeaspetition). `  Deanv.UnitedStates,278F.3d1218(11thCir.2002)(Amendedclaimsin2255motionfiledafterlimitationsperiodran  whenoriginalmotionwasfiledwithin1year;AEDPAlimitationsperiodrelatedbackbecausetheyarosefromsamesetof M factsastimelyfiledclaim.). l  UnitedStatesv.Berfield,280F.3d486(5thCir.2002)(presumptionofprejudicefromfiveyeardelaybetweenindictmentand  unsealing).  W  Curriev.Matesanz,281F.3d261(1stCir.2002)(StatepostconvictionmotionispendingforAEDPApurposesfromtimefileduntil :! finallydisposedofandfurtherappellatereviewunavailable.).  "  Newellv.Hanks,283F.3d827(7thCir.2002)(Petitionersamendmentstohabeascorpuspetitionweresubstantiallyidenticalto '$ originalclaimsandrelatedbacktobringpetitionwithinoneyeargraceperiodofAEDPA;governmentspossiblesubstantial H% interferencewithdefensewitnesssfreeandunhamperedchoicetotestifywarrantedremandforevidentiaryhearingtodetermine  & ifdueprocessviolated.).  s '  Scottv.Collins,286F.3d923(6thCir.2002)(Statesfailuretoraisetimelinessissueresultedinwaiverofstatuteoflimitations !V) defense;suaspontedismissalofpetitionasuntimelywaserroneous.). " * UnitedStatesv.Dodson,291F.3d268(4thCir.2002)(Oneyearlimitationsperiodforfilingmotiontovacatedidnotbegintorun E$!, untilCourtofAppealsissuedmandateaffirmingdistrictcourtsrulingastocountsremandedforresentencing.).[Ed.note:This  %f"- holdingiscontrarytotheholdingoftheEleventhCircuitinBondv.Moore,309F.3d770(11thCir.2002),whichheldthatoneyear %*#. limitationsperiodbeginstorunafter90dayperiodforfilingwithUnitedStatesSupremeCourtexpires;thiscaseapparentlycreates &#/ asplitamongthecircuitsonthisissueasofthiswriting.]. U'$0  Knightv.Schofield,292F.3d709(11thCir.2002)(Underdoctrineofequitabletolling,petitionerwasallowedoneyearfrom (:&2 datehereceivednoticethatthestatecourtdeniedreliefonhisstateapplicationtofilefederalhabeaspetition.).  )&3 Swegerv.Chesney,294F.3d506(3rdCir.2002)(ProperlyfiledstatepostconvictionproceedingchallengingjudgmenttollsAEDPA %+(5 statuteoflimitations.).[Ed.note:firstimpressionin3rdCircuit]. +F)6  Fordv.Moore , 296F.3d1035(11thCir.2002)(StatuteoflimitationsunderAEDPAistolledduringperiodofconsideration q-*8 ofproperlyfiledpetitionforstatecollateralreliefregardlessofwhetherthatpetitionraisesfederallycognizableclaims.).  7.+9  .V,: 'L0 '  '  Williamsv.Bruton,299F.3d981(8thCir.2002)(Pendingstatepostconvictionpetition tolledoneyearlimitationsperiodforfederal  habeascorpuspetition.). i Rodriguezv.Bennett,303F.3d435(2ndCir.2002)(Remandrequiredtodeterminewhetherlimitationsbarredsuccessivepetition N wasentitledtobeheardduetoequitabletolling.).  Lottv.Mueller,304F.3d918(9thCir.2002)(Remandrequiredtodetermineifequitabletollingtolimitationsperiodforprose = petitionershabeaspetitionappliedtopetitionersclaimthathewasdeniedaccesstohislegalfiles.). ^ Millerv.Collins,305F.3d491(6thCir.2002)(HabeasstatuteoflimitationswasequitablytolledfromdateofhisapplicationtoOhio " CourtofAppealstoreopenhisappealtodatepetitionerreceivednoticeofthedecision;statewaivedargumenttothecontrary.).    Fordv.Hubbard,305F.3d875(9thCir.2002)(Dismissalofclaimwithoutprejudicewasprejudicialerror;remandnecessaryto  n  developrecordonclaimthatappellateattorneysfailuretoprovidepetitionerwithlegalpapersrosetolevelof extraordinary  2  circumstancesforpurposesofequitabletolling.).   Prattv.Greiner,306F.3d1190(2ndCir.2002)(StatuteoflimitationsunderAEDPAwastolledduringpendencyofstatecourt !~  properlyfiledmotiontovacate;orderofdismissalinsufficienttoallowformeaningfulappellatereview.). B  Griffinv.Rogers,308F.3d647(6thCir.2002)(remandtodetermineifequitabletollingappliedduringperiodofpendencyofinitial m  habeaspetition). 1  Bondv.Moore,309F.3d770(11thCir.2002)(Limitationsperiodforfederalhabeaspetitionbeginstorunwhentimeexpires  forfilingpetitionforcertiorariwithU.S.SupremeCourtfromdenialofdiscretionaryreviewofdenialofstate { postconvictionrelief.).  = Jorssv.Gomez,311F.3d1189(9thCir.2002)(Habeasactionwastimelybecauseequitablytolledduringpendencyofstatecollateral   proceedingandfor30daysthereafter.).  Saffoldv.Carey,312F.3d1031(9thCir.2002)(Statepostconvictionpetitionwaspendingandeligiblefortollingduringperiod l betweendenialofreliefbystateappellatecourtandfilingofnewpetitionbeforestatesupremecourt.). 0 Yorkv.Galetka,314F.3d522(10thCir.2003)(AEDPAlimitationsperiodtolledduringpendencyofstatemotiontosetasideguilty [ plea;equitabletollingwarrantedduringperiodinwhichpriorpetitionwaspendinguntilitwasdismissedforfailuretoexhauststate |  remedies). @! Rousev.Lee,314F.3d698(4thCir.2003)(equitabletollingappliedtodeathsentencedpetitionerwhomissedfilingdeadlineby k# oneday). /$ 4 HO  5  6$$gha  7 H$4 HO  5  TableofContents6N%Ob%  7 % &    XLX% 0 %0N&HEARSAY#XXL/&# ?!(  UnitedStatesv.Corral,172F.3d714(9thCir.1999)(relianceonunreliabledoublehearsayrequiredremand). "J * UnitedStatesv._Comito_,177F.3d(9thCir.1999)(improperadmissionofhearsayevidenceatrevocationhearing). u$!, UnitedStatesv._Vigneau_,187F.3d70(1stCir.1999)(name,address,andtelephonenumberonmoneyordercompanysformsnot %Z#. admissibleunderbusinessrecordsexceptiontohearsayruleandadmissionofhearsaywasnotharmlessastomoneylaundering &$/ counts). '$0 UnitedStatesv._Bao_,189F.3d860(9thCir.1999)(Admissionofstatementaspriorinconsistentstatementwaserroneous;  )j&2 overvaluationofcounterfeitmanualsonapplyingoffenselevelenhancements). ).'3      P     X      `     UnitedStatesv._Beaulieu_,194F.3d918(8thCir.1999)(districtcourtabuseddiscretioninchildmolestationcaseinadmitting Y+(5 statementschildmadeaspriorconsistentstatementsandstatementsmadeforpurposesofmedicaldiagnosisortreatment). ,z)6 UnitedStatesv._Cornett_,195F.3d776(5thCir.1999)(Coconspiratorsstatementsnotinfurtheranceoftheconspiracywere -+8 hearsay;andadmissionwasnotharmless.). i.+9 /N1 X   _UnitedStatesv.MartinezGaytan,213F.3d890(5thCir.2000)(absenceoftranslatorfromSpanishspeakingdefendants  suppressionhearingrenderedEnglishspeakingagentstestimony  aboutconfessionunreliablehearsay). L UnitedStatesv.Velarde,214F.3d1204(10thCir.2000)(errorinfailingtomakereliabilitydeterminationbeforeadmittingpediatric , testimony,errorinadmittingpsychologiststestimony,andcrimeofabusivesexualcontactwasnotalesserincludedoffenseof  aggravatedsexualassault). \ UnitedStatesv.McCleskey,228F.3d640(6thCir.2000)(nontestifyingaccomplicesstatementwasinadmissiblebothashearsay x  andasConfrontationClauseviolation,anderroneousadmissionwasnotharmless). <   UnitedStatesv.Riley,236F.3d982(8thCir.2001)(Counselcouldnotstipulatetolabchemiststestimonyoverobjectionfrom  l  defendant;andinsufficientfoundationlaidforadmissionoflabreportunderbusinessrecordsexceptiontohearsayrule).  0       P     X      `      h UnitedStatesv.Palmer,248F.3d569(7thCir.2001)(U.S.Marshalstestimonythatgangmember,whodidnotpersonallytestify   atsentencinghearing,,toldhimdefendantpossessed241gramsofcrackcocaine,didnotsupportfindingofmorethan150grams.).  |  UnitedStatesv.Peoples,250F.3d630(8thCir.2001)(FBIagentstestimonyaboutconversationbetweendefendants,givinglay \  opinionastomeaningofwordsandphrasesused,wasinadmissible;anderrorwasnotharmless.).    Greenv.UnitedStates,260F.3d78(2ndCir.2001)(Prosemotionforextensionoftimetofile2255motionmaybeconstruedas P 2255motion;60dayextensionoftimeproperremedyfortimemiscalculation.). l UnitedStatesv.Wells,262F.3d455(5thCir.2001)(Oraltestimonyregardingdestroyeddrugledgerswasinadmissiblehearsay;  andbecauserestofevidencewaslessthanoverwhelming,admissionofhearsayevidencewasnotharmlessbeyondareasonable ` doubt.). |$ Brumleyv.Wingard,269F.3d629(6thCir.2001)(Admissionofincarceratedwitnesssvideotapeddepositionwithoutpriorfinding  ofunavailabilitywasunreasonableapplicationofclearlyestablishedSupremeCourtprecedentinOhiov.Roberts.). p Thomasv.Hubbard,273F.3d1164(9thCir.2001)(Cumulativeerrorinadmittingtriplehearsay,prosecutorialmisconductin P admittingevidenceinviolationofinlimineorder,andimpropertruncationofcrossexaminationwarrantedhabeascorpusrelief.).  Chiav.Cambra,281F.3d1032(9thCir.2002)(erroneousexclusionoffriendshearsaystatementswhichexoneratedpetitioner). D! UnitedStatesv.Barile,286F.3d749(4thCir.2002)(Erroneousexclusionofpriorstatementsaffecteddefendantssubstantial $# rights.). $ UnitedStatesv.OrellanaBlanco,294F.3d1143(9thCir.2002)(Exhibit,whichwasINSofficersnotesofhisinterviewwith p& defendant,wasnotadmissibleasanadmission,asabusinessorpublicrecord,anditsadmissionwasnotharmless.). 4 ' 4 HO  5  TableofContents6t<O<  7 < !d)  XLXHOMICIDE#XXLC=# D# +  UnitedStatesv.Wood,207F.3d1222(10thCir.2000)(insufficientevidencetoprovepremeditationormaliceaforethoughtin $"- murderprosecution;Rule403violationinadmissionofexperttestimonyonuseofpotassiumchlorideinexecutionofanimals; %^#. reversedforcumulativeevidentiaryerrorsanderrorindenyingmotionforjudgmentofacquittal). z&"$/       P UnitedStatesv.Cherry,211F.3d575(10thCir.2000)(remandtodetermineifcodefendantwhodrovetomurderscenewaspart (%1 ofconspiracytomurderandresponsibleunderPinkertontheory). (n&2 UnitedStatesv.CollazoAponte,216F.3d163(1stCir.2000)(impositionoflifesentenceforattemptedmurder,whichcarries N*'4 maximumof20years,requiredreversal). +(5 UnitedStatesv.Cherry,217F.3d811(10thCir.2000)(remandtodetermineifcodefendantwas ,B*7 partofconspiracyofmurderofwitness). ^-+8 _Thomasv.Gibson,218F.3d1213(10thCir.2000)(evidencewasinsufficienttosatisfyheinous,atrocious,orcruel_aggravator_Ԁfor .,: W2 X   impositionofdeathpenaltyunderOklahomalaw).  UnitedStatesv.Fields,242F.3d393(D.C.Cir.2001)(enhancementimproperwherejurydidnotfindbeyondreasonabledoubtthat + murderwasobjectof_kidnapping_.). L UnitedStatesv.Bass,266F.3d532(6thCir.2001)(Districtcourtshouldhavereceivedevidenceondefendantsselectiveprosecution w claimsthatraceplayedaroleindecidingwhichcasestoselectasdeatheligible.). ; Singletonv.Norris,267F.3d859(8thCir.2001)(Forcinginmatetotake_antipsychotic_Ԁdrugswarrantedpermanentstayof   execution.).    Banksv.Horn,271F.3d527(3rdCir.2001)(Jurorscouldhavebeenmisledtobelieveunanimitywasrequiredindetermining  l  mitigatingfactorsindeathpenaltycase.).  0  Moorev.Kinney,278F.3d774(8thCir.2002)(Definitionof exceptionaldepravity_aggravator_Ԁincapitalcaseunconstitutionally [  vague). |  Everettv.Beard,290F.3d500(3rdCir.2002)(Trialcounselwasineffectiveforfailingtoobjecttojuryinstructionwhichpermitted   jurytoconvictdefendant,whowaschargedasanaccomplice,offirstdegreemurderifhisaccompliceintendedtocausedeathof k  thevictim.). / 4 HO  5  TableofContents6NIObI  7 I    XLX%  %HJIDENTIFICATION#XXL)J#  ? _Raheem_Ԁv.Kelly,257F.3d122(2ndCir.2001)(Lineupinwhichdefendantappearedwearingblackleathercoatwassuggestiveto L twowitnesseswhohadgiventhepolicedescriptionsemphasizingtheshootersblackleathercoat;identificationswerenot  independentlyreliable;errornotharmless). w 4 HO  5  TableofContents6BLOVL  7 L \  XLX%   % 0MIMMIGRATION#XXLM#   UnitedStatesv._Ahumada_Ԅ_Aguilar_,189F.3d1121(9thCir.1999)(inprosecutionforillegalreentryofalien,additionalproofof 5! paternityrequirementimposedoncitizenfatherwassexbasedviolationofequalprotection).  V" _Jurado_ԄGutierrezv.Greene,190F.3d1135(10thCir.1999)(Habeasclaimchallengingdeportationcognizableunder28U.S.C. $ 2241). E% UnitedStatesv.Angeles_Mascote_,206F.3d529(5thCir.2000)(AlienstoppedatportofentryhadnotillegallyenteredUnited  *' States;plainerrorfoundinacceptanceofguiltyplea.).     !(  UnitedStatesv.Guzman_Bera_,216F.3d1019(11thCir.2000)(directimpositionofprobationisnotan aggravatedfelony #v * forpurposesofprovisionofsentencingguidelinesauthorizingenhancementofbaseoffenselevelwhenadefendantreenters #8!+ UnitedStatesafterbeingpreviouslydeportedafteracriminalconvictionforanaggravatedfelony).  $!, UnitedStatesv._Arrieta_,224F.3d1076(9thCir.2000)(waiverofrighttoappealdeportationorderwasnotintelligent,thusviolating #&#. hisdueprocessrights). &D$/  _Boz_Ԁv.UnitedStates,228F.3d1290(11thCir.2000)(aliensdueprocessclaimwas_reviewable_Ԁundertransitionalprovision o(%1 establishedbyIllegalImmigrationReformandImmigrantResponsibilityAct). 1)&2  UnitedStatesv._Romo_Ԅ_Romo_,246F.3d1272(9thCir.2001)(AlienwhohasneverlefttheUnitedStatescannotbeconvictedfor *(4 reentering).  y+(5  _Valansi_Ԁv.Ashcroft,278F.3d203(3rdCir.2002)(norequisiteshowingofintenttodefraudinembezzlementcasesoastojustify ,\*7 removalofalienforaggravatedfelony).  - +8  .+9  UnitedStatesv.CoronaSanchez,291F.3d1201(9thCir.2002)(AlienssentencecouldnotbeenhancedonbasisofCaliforniatheft  conviction.).  g  UnitedStatesv._Ahumala_Ԅ_Aguilar_,295F.3d943(9thCir.2002)(Immigrationjudgedeprivedalienofstatutoryrighttocounselat J groupdeportationproceeding;waiverofrighttoappealwasnotknowingandvoluntary.).    UnitedStatesv.GonzalezTorres,309F.3d594(9thCir.2002)(LackofproofthatdefendantenteredtheUnitedStateswasfatalto 7 illegalentrycountsunder18U.S.C.1325.).  X  UnitedStatesv.Ruiz-Lopez,234F.3d445(9thCir.2001)(evidenceinsufficienttodeterminethatalienwas foundintheUnited    States).  E    UnitedStatesv.Rodriguez-Fernandez,234F.3d498(11thCir.2000)(Inprosecutionofalienforescape,therewasnoevidencethat  (  alienwasconfinedatdirectionofAttorneyGeneral.).     4 HO  5  TableofContents6[O[  7 [ P     X    t       P  XLX%  %"]INDICTMENTS#XXL]#        P     X Lucasv._ODea_,169F.3d1028(6thCir.1999)(5thAmendmentrighttograndjuryindictmentviolatedwhenindictmentcharged M intentionalmurderbutinstructionsallowedwantonmurderconviction!counselineffectiveforfailingtoobject). n UnitedStatesv.Randall,171F.3d195(4thCir.1999)(constructiveamendmentofindictmentoccurredwhenproof,argumentand  instructionsallowedconvictionforpossessionwithintenttodistributewhenindictmentchargedonlydistribution).  ]  UnitedStatesv.Ramirez,182F.3d544(7thCir.1999)(plainerrorwarrantedreversalwhereindictmentchargedusingandcarrying @ firearmduringactualdistributionofmarijuana,whichwasnotproved,anddidnotrelyondistinctoffensesofpossessionand  conspiracytopossessmarijuanawithintenttodistributeofwhichdefendantwasconvicted;constructiveamendmentofindictment k requiredreversalforplainerror).  /  UnitedStatesv._Shipsey_,190F.3d1081(9thCir.1999)(Constructiveamendmentofindictmentbydistrictcourtrequiredreversal).    UnitedStatesv._Kanchanalak_,192F.3d1037(D.C.Cir.1999)(indictmentsufficientlyallegedcausationelementofchargeof ;  causingfalsestatementtobemadetoFederalElection_Commn_).  \!  UnitedStatesv._Prentiss_,206F.3d960(10thCir.2000)(Indianstatusofdefendantandvictimmustbeallegedinindictment # chargingviolationofIndianCountryCrimesAct"failuretodosodeprivesdefendantofFifthAmendmentrighttobetriedonly I$ onchargespresentedinindictmentreturnedbyagrandjury.).  j% UnitedStatesv._Landham_,251F.3d1072(6thCir.2001)(deficientindictmentwithrespecttointerstatetransmissionofthreatsto  ' kidnap;insufficientevidencetoprovetruethreattokidnaporthreattoinjure;vulgardisparagingcommentstowifedidnotsupport Y!( convictionformakingobsceneinterstatetelephonecalls). "z)  UnitedStatesv.Hill,257F.3d1116(9thCir.2001)(Indictmentchargingdefendantasaccessoryafterthefacthadtopleadunderlying #!+ offenseaswellasaccessoryoffense). g$!, UnitedStatesv.White,258F.3d374(5thCir.2001)(Indictmentsfailuretochargeanoffensewasnotwaivedbyguiltyplea,waiver %L#. ofappealinpleaagreement,orfailuretoraisetheargumentininitialappellatebrief;convictionsunderTexasstatutesproscribing &$/ recklessconductand_terroristic_Ԁthreatswerenotconvictionsofa crimeofdomesticviolence,andthuscouldnotserveaspredicate w'$0 convictionsfor18U.S.C.922(g)(9)). ;(%1 UnitedStatesv.Olson,262F.3d795(8thCir.2001)(Indictmentwhichomittedelementofuseofforce,violenceorintimidationwas ) '3 insufficientinbankrobberyprosecution.). *'4 UnitedStatesv._Prentiss_,273F.3d1277(10thCir.2001)(Indictmentsfailuretoallegestatusofvictimsinprosecutionforarson ,l)6 onIndianreservationwasnotharmless.). ,0*7 UnitedStatesv._Syme_,276F.3d131(3rdCir.2002)(Constructiveamendmenttoindictmentwasplainerror.). [.+9 ЇUnitedStatesv.Hill,279F.3d731(9thCir.2002)(Indictmentchargingdefendantwithaccessoryafterthefactfailedtopleadboth  underlyingoffenseandaccessoryoffense.). g UnitedStatesv._Berfield_,280F.3d486(5thCir.2002)(presumptionofprejudicefromfiveyeardelaybetweenindictmentand L unsealing).  UnitedStatesv._Handakas_,286F.3d92(2ndCir.2002)(reversedfor_multiplicitous_Ԁcountsinindictmentandforvague honest ; servicesprovisionofmailfraudstatute). \ UnitedStatesv.Graham,305F.3d1094(10thCir.2002)(Separatecountsforindividualsalesofexplosivesfromdefendantsstore    were_multiplicitous_.). K   4 HO  5  TableofContents6-qOAq  7 oq#/7#/  0   XLX%  %]rINEFFECTIVEASSISTANCEOFCOUNSEL#XXL>r# Y   _Mapes_Ԁv._Coyle_,171F.3d408(6thCir.1999)(evidentiaryhearingrequiredonissueofineffectiveassistance). d  Hartv.Gomez,174F.3d1067(9thCir.1999)(failureofcounseltoinvestigateevidenceofclientsactualinnocencewas   constitutionallydefectiverequiringhabeasrelief). S      P     X     _Gallego_Ԁv.UnitedStates, 174F.3d1196(11thCir.1999)(Counselsfailuretoexplainrighttotestifyattrialwarranted 8 vacatingofsentenceforineffectiveassistance).   _McHale_Ԁv.UnitedStates,,175F.3d115(2ndCir.1999)(properremedywherecounselfailstoperfectadirectappealandineffective ' assistanceisclaimedin2255motionisforCourtofAppealstorecallmandatedismissingdirectappealandreinstatetheappeal; H itisnotnecessarytoshowthatappealhadmerit).    Collierv.Turpin,177F.3d1184(11thCir.1999)(deficientperformancebycounselinpresentingmitigatingevidenceat 7 capitalsentencingphase).  V Singletonv.Johnson,178F.3d381(5thCir.1999)(evidentiaryhearingrequiredonissueofwhethercounselknewofdefendants  desiretoappeal). C  _Restrepo_Ԁv.Kelly,178F.3d634(2ndCir.1999)(failingtofilenoticeofappealbyattorneyiscauseandprejudicialpersefor (" purposeofhabeasreview). # _Arrredondo_Ԁv.UnitedStates,178F.3d778(6thCir.1999)(ineffectiveassistanceinfailingtoobjecttodrugquantity).  t%  _Mercadel_Ԁv.Cain,179F.3d271(5thCir.1999)(ineffectiveassistanceclaimnotobviouslylackinginmerit).   '  Whitev.Johnson,180F.3d648(5thCir.1999)(ineffectiveassistanceforfailingtofileappealwithintimeallowedbyTexaslaw). #") Delgadov.Lewis,181F.3d1087(9thCir.1999)(deficientstateappellaterepresentationbyfailingtoraiseanyissuesonappeal #!+ andbyfailingtowithdraw). o$!, _Schell_Ԁv._Witek_,181F.3d1094(9thCir.1999)(hearingnecessarytodetermineifcounselwasineffectiveforfailingtorequest %T#. appointmentofsubstitutecounselandforfailingtoconsultfingerprintexpert). &$/ Smithv.U.S.,182F.3d1023(8thCir.1999)(defendantnotcompelledtostandtrialinprisonclothesinviolationofhisrighttofair C(%1 trialabsentobjectionandevidentiaryhearingwasrequiredtodeterminewhetherfailuretoobjectwasineffectiveassistanceof )d&2 counsel). )('3 UnitedStatesv.Williamson,183F.3d458(5thCir.1999)(defendantprejudicedbycounselsfailuretoraisetheissuewhether S+(5 defendantsconvictioncouldserveastriggerforcareeroffenderenhancement). ,t)6 UnitedStatesv.Weathers,186F.3d948(D.C.Cir.1999)(remandforevidentiaryhearingonineffectiveassistanceclaim). -*8  c.+9 P5 ,    Parkerv._Bowersox_,188F.3d923(8thCir.1999)(penaltyphasecounselineffectiveindeathpenaltycaseinfailingtocallformer  attorneytotestifythatpetitionerwasawarepriortodateofmurderthatvictimwasnolongerapotentialwitnessagainsthim). g Smithv.Stewart,189F.3d1004(9thCir.1999)(counselsnonstrategicfailureat_resentencing_Ԁtoinvestigate,developandpresent L newmitigatingevidencewasdeficientandunderminedconfidence  indecisiontoreimposedeathsentence). w Hullv._Kyler_,190F.3d88(3rdCir.1999)(trialcounselineffectivefordeficientperformanceatcompetencyhearing). \  Chandlerv.UnitedStates,193F.3d1297(11thCir.1999)(failuretoinvestigatedefendantsgoodcharacterindeathcase    ineffectiveassistance).  I   _Dubria_Ԁv.Smith,197F.3d390(9thCir.1999)(inflammatorystatementsinpretrialinterviewrequiredredaction;deficient  ,  performancebycounselinnotobjectingtocharacterizationofdefendantbyprosecutoras pieceofgarbageandinsuggestingthat   evidencenotpresentedtojurysupportedmurdercharges). W  Bellv.Jarvis,198F.3d432(4thCir.1999)(violationofrighttopublictrialinclosingcourtroomsimplybecauseyoungvictimof <  sexcrimewilltestify;appellatecounselineffectiveinnotraisingtheissue).   _Prou_Ԁv.UnitedStates,199F.3d37(1stCir.1999)(informationseekingenhancedsentenceduetopriordrugconvictionmustbe + givenpriortotrial;failureofcounseltoobjectonthisgroundwasproceduraldefault;failureofcounseltoobjectonthisground L wasineffectiveassistance).  Hernandezv._Cowan_,200F.3d995(7thCir.2000)(ineffectivecrossexaminationofgovernmentwitnessviolatedSixth ; Amendment). \ Whitev._Schotten_,201F.3d743(6thCir.2000)(petitionerhadconstitutionalrighttoeffectiveassistanceofcounselwithrespect  tofilingapplicationtoreopendirectappeal). X    K UnitedStatesv.Phillips,210F.3d345(5thCir.2000)(ineffectiveassistancenottochallengeobstructionofjusticeenhancement 0 onappealwherechallengewasmeritorious).  UnitedStatesv._Castano_,211F.3d871(5thCir.2000)(Defensecounselineffectiveforfailingtofilenoticeofappealeventhough |  defendantwaivedappealinpleaagreement.). @! UnitedStatesv._Calderon_,211F.3d1148(9thCir.2000)(Petitionerdeniedofeffectivecounselatpenaltyphaseofdeathpenalty k# casebecausecounseldidnotprepareandinvestigate.). /$ _Stouffer_Ԁv.Reynolds,214F.3d1231(10thCir.2000)(stipulationresultedinwaiverbyStateofanyexhaustionrequirement;capital & defendantprejudicedbycounselsfailureatguiltphaseoftrialtolayproperfoundationforrelevantevidence,tochallengestates { ' evidence,andtosetforthdefensivetheory).   X  ?!( UnitedStatesv.McCoy,215F.3d102(D.C.Cir.2000)(ineffectiveassistancefoundwherecounselfailedcorrectlytoapplycareer "$ * offenderprovisionsofGuidelineswhendeterminingsentencingrangedefendantwouldfaceifheacceptedpleaagreement). # + Floresv._Demskie_,215F.3d293(2ndCir.2000)(counselswaiverofRosarioclaim,requiringprosecutiontodeliverwitnesssprior %p"- statement,wasobjectionablyunreasonableandprejudiceddefendant).   `  %4#. UnitedStatesv.Patterson,215F.3d776(7thCir.2000)(counselsextendedabsencesfromtrial _'$0 warrantednewtrialforineffectiveassistance;remandrequiredtodetermineifsentencingjudgeunderstoodhehaddiscretionto #(%1 departfromguidelineswhereheimposedlifesentence). (D&2 Manningv.Foster,224F.3d1129(9thCir.2000)(causeforproceduraldefaultexistedwherepetitionerfailedtoseekcollateral o*'4 reliefinrelianceonactionsofattorneywhofailedtoperfecttimelyappealafterpetitionermadetimelyrequestthathedoso,creating 3+(5 presumptionofprejudice). +T)6  Jonesv.UnitedStates,214F.3d1251(11thCir.2000)(defensecounselsperformancewasdeficientwhenhefailedtoargue -*8 suppressionofwiretapevidencedespitegovernmentsdelayofatleast31daysinsealingsuchevidence). A.+9  Baconv.Lee,225F.3d470(4thCir.2000)(writgrantedonineffectiveassistanceclaim).  /"-; Ї Harrisv.Day,226F.3d361(5thCir.2000)(constructivedenialofeffectiveassistanceofcounselwhereAndersbrieffailedto  mentionanyarguableissuesonappeal). g UnitedStatesv._Recio_,226F.3d1087(9thCir.2000)(insufficientevidencetoprovedrugconspiracy;counselsfailuretomove L foracquittalondrugpossessionchargeafterdefendantsfirsttrialwasineffectiveassistance).   _Cossell_Ԁv.Miller,229F.3d649(7thCir.2000)(Statewaivedclaimthatpetitionerprocedurallydefaultedhisineffectiveassistance ; claim;counselineffectiveforfailingtoobjecttoincourtidentificationofdefendantwhichlackedsufficientindependentreliability.). \ _Lockett_Ԁv.Anderson,230F.3d695(5thCir.2000)(ineffectiveassistanceofcounselforfailingtoinvestigatemitigatingevidence    topresentduringsentencingphaseofcapitaltrial). K   _Skaggs_Ԁv.Parker,235F.3d261(6thCir.2000)(Failuretoinvestigateandpresentmeaningfulmitigatingevidenceinpreparation  0  forsentencingphaseofcapitaltrialwasineffective.).   Hudsonv.Hunt,235F.3d892(4thCir.2000)(Deficientperformanceofcounselregardingconsultationwithclientaboutappeal |  requiredremandforprejudicedetermination.). @   @* _Battenfield_Ԁv.Gibson,236F.3d1215(10thCir.2001)(Counselspreparationforsentencingphaseofcapitaltrialwasdeficientand i  prejudiceddefendant.).  -  _Lindstadt_Ԁv.Keane,239F.3d191(2ndCir.2001)(Ineffectiveassistanceresultedfromfourerrorsbydefensecounsel,including  failuretorequeststudyreliedonbyprosecutionexpert).  w  UnitedStatesv.Wilson,240F.3d39(D.C.Cir.2001)(remandonineffectiveassistanceofcounselclaim;evidenceinsufficientto Z establishthatdefendantsorganizationalactivitywas otherwiseextensive;hencefourlevelenhancementnotjustified).    Wilcoxv.McGee,241F.3d1242(9thCir.2001)(Counselsfailuretomakedoublejeopardyclaimforsecondprosecutionforsame G burglaryoffensewasineffectiveassistance,whichclaimwasfairlypresentedtostatecourts.).   h  Millerv.Anderson,255F.3d455(7thCir.2001)(Petitionerchargedwithmurderandrapewasdeniedeffectiveassistanceofcounsel  asresultofcounselsfailuretoadequatelyinvestigateorconsulthair,DNA,and_treadmark_Ԁandfootprintexperts). U Hughesv.UnitedStates,258F.3d453(6thCir.2001)(Counselsfailuretostrikejurorwhostatedonvoirdirethatshedidnotthink :! shecouldbefairconstitutedineffectiveassistance;givenjurorsexpressadmissionofbias,withnorehabilitationbycounselorthe " court,actualbiasofjurorwasestablished,requiringanewtrial). e# UnitedStatesv._Jimenez_Ԁ_Recio_,258F.3d1069(9thCir.2001)(insufficientevidenceofdrugconspiracy;counselsfailuretomove J% foracquittalondrugpossessionchargewasineffectiveassistance). & UnitedStatesv.Morris,259F.3d894(7thCir.2001)(remandtoconsiderineffectiveassistanceclaimwhereattorneymisinformed 9!( defendantofconsequenceofplea). !Z) _UnitedStatesv.Villalpando,259F.3d934(8thCir.2001)(grantofmotionfornewtrialduetoineffectiveassistanceaffirmedwhere # + defensecounselelicitedevidenceofthreatsbydefendantandevidencethatdefendanthadorderedamurder). I$!, Pavelv.Hollins,261F.3d210(2ndCir.2001)(Inchildabusecase,counselwasineffectiveforfailingtoprepareadefense,failing %.#. tocallimportantfactwitnesses,failingtoconductadequateinvestigation,andfailingtopresentmedicalexpertinchild.). &#/ Burdinev.Johnson,262F.3d336(5thCir.2001)(Presumptionofprejudicearosefromfactthatdefensecounselsleptrepeatedly (z%1 duringtrial;SixthAmendmentclaimnotbarredbyretroactivityprinciplesofTeague.). (>&2 Burnsv.Gammon,260F.3d892(8thCir.2001)(Defensecounselsfailuretoobjecttoprosecutorscommentduringclosing i*'4 argumentwasineffectiveassistanceofcounsel,prejudicingpetitioner,andwassufficientcausetowarranthabeasrelief.). -+(5  Maganav.Hofbauer,263F.3d542(6thCir.2001)(Petitionerwasdeniedeffectiveassistanceofcounselbycounselsgiving ,*7 erroneousadviceatpleahearingregardingestimatedprisonsentence.).    `  w-*8  Greerv.Mitchell,264F.3d663(6thCir.2001)(Evidentiaryhearingnecessarytodetermineifappellatecounselwasineffectivein .Z,: failingtoassertineffectivenessoftrialcounsel.).  /-; Ї Jermynv.Horn,266F.3d257(3rdCir.2001)(Failuretoinvestigatesevereabuseduringdefendantschildhoodandpresentevidence  duringsentencingphaseofcapitaltrialwasineffectiveassistanceofcounselwarrantinghabeasrelief.). g Weinbergerv.UnitedStates,268F.3d346(6thCir.2001)(Defendantcouldraiseineffectiveassistanceofcounselclaimswhere L issuesproperlypreserved.).  Colemanv.Mitchell,268F.3d417(6thCir.2001)(ineffectiveassistanceindeathpenaltycaseforfailingtodevelopandpresent ; mitigatingevidenceregardingpetitionersbackground). \ Ainsworthv.Woodford,268F.3d868(9thCir.2001)(Counselsdeficientperformanceduringpenaltyphaseofcapitaltrialinfailing    todevelopandpresentmitigatingevidencewasprejudicialtodefendantunderStricklandtest.). K   Manningv.Huffman,269F.3d720(6thCir.2001)(Sincefailuretoraiseineffectiveassistanceofcounselondirectappealwasnot  0  groundreliedonbystatecourt , theclaimwasnotprocedurallybarred;trialcounselsfailuretoobjecttoprocedurewherealternate   jurorswereallowedtoparticipateindeliberationswasprejudicial.). ]  Mayfieldv.Woodford,270F.3d915(9thCir.2001)(Deficientperformancebycounselatpenaltyphaseofdeathpenaltycase B  prejudicedpetitionerandwarrantedhabeasrelief.).   Fieldsv.Bagley.275F.3d478(6thCir.2001)(Absenceofcounselduringstatesinterlocutoryappeal 1 ofsuppressionorderwasineffectiveassistanceofcounselwarrantinghabeascorpusrelief.). R Sallahdinv.Gibson,275F.3d1211(10thCir.2002)(Petitionerwasprejudicedbyabsenceofproposedsteroidtestimony,and } counselsreasonsfornotpresentingtestimonywouldbeaddressedonremand.). A Garciav.UnitedStates,278F.3d134(2ndCir.2002)(deficientperformanceintellingdefendanthecouldnotappealwhennowaiver & ofappealinpleaagreement).  Silvav.Woodford,279F.3d825(9thCir.2002)(ineffectiveassistanceforfailuretoinvestigatemitigatingevidenceforpenaltyphase r ofcapitaltrialwarrantedhabeasrelief). 6  Eaglev.Linahan,279F.3d926(11thCir.2001)(AppellatelawyerwasineffectiveforfailingtoraiseBatsonclaimondirect a appeal.).  #  Ramirezv.AttorneyGeneral,280F.3d87(2ndCir.2001)(Counselsletterapplicationtohigheststatecourtforleavetoappeal " convictionsufficientlypresentedissueofineffectiveassistance). m# Florezv.Williams,281F.3d1136(10thCir.2002)(NewMexicoCourtofAppealsdeterminationthatfailuretorequestlesser R% includedoffenseinstructionwasnotineffectiveunderStricklandwasunreasonableinterpretationoffederallaw.). & Fisherv.Gibson,282F.3d1283(10thCir.2002)(Counselsdeficientperformanceinfailingtoinvestigate,failingtoactas A!( reasonablydiligentandprofessionaladvocate,showingapparentsympathyforstatescase,failingtoactasloyaladvocate,and "b) failingtoadvanceanydefensivetheorywarrantedhabeascorpusrelief.). "& * UnitedStatesv.Schwarz,283F.3d76(2ndCir.2002)(defendantdeniedeffectiveassistanceofcounselbyunwaivableconflictof Q$!, interest;juryexposedtoprejudicialextrinsicinformation;insufficientevidencetosupportconvictionforobstructionofjustice). %r"- Karisv.Calderon,283F.3d1117(9thCir.2002)(Failureofcounseltoadequatelyinvestigatedefendantstroubledchildhoodwas &#/ deficientandwarrantedhabeasrelief.). a'$0      P     X   UnitedStatesv.Day,285F.3d1167(9thCir.2002)(Counselsadvicethatdefendantwouldonlybeallowedtomakesentencing (F&2 entrapmentargumentifheproceededtotrialdepriveddefendantofopportunityintelligentlytoconsiderhispleaofferandtomake ) '3 informeddecisionaboutitandwasprejudicial.). q*'4 Johnsonv.Chapman,288F.3d1215(10thCir.2002)(Failureofpetitionersstateappellatecounseltoperfectappealwasineffective +V)6 assistanceofcounsel,andpetitionerwouldbereleasedunlessstategrantedhimanoutoftimeappeal.). ,*7  Everettv.Beard,290F.3d500(3rdCir.2002)(Trialcounselwasineffectiveforfailingtoobjecttojuryinstructionwhichpermitted E.+9 jurytoconvictdefendant,whowaschargedasanaccomplice,offirstdegreemurderifhisaccompliceintendedtocausedeathof  /f,: thevictim.).  /*-;  Y8  w,         P    UnitedStatesv.Stricklin,290F.3d748(5thCir.2002)(Counselsfailuretoobjecttodrugquantitybyinsistingupondeductionof e amountofbyproductwasineffectiveassistance.).  )  Jenningsv.Woodford,290F.3d1006(9thCir.2002)(Counselsfailuretoinvestigatepetitionersmentalhealth wasdeficientand   prejudicedpetitioner). u Rochev.Davis,291F.3d473(7thCir.2002)(Givenconsiderableevidenceofmitigatingcircumstances,counselsdeficient Z performanceinfailingtoobjecttodefendantbeingbroughttosentencingphaseofcapitaltrialinshacklesprejudiced_defendant.).  UnitedStatesv._Hylton_,294F.3d130(D.C.Cir.2002)(Counselsfailuretomake_Kastigar_objectiontococonspiratorstestimony    againstdefendantwasineffectiveassistance,wheredefendantspostarrestdebriefingstatementsmadewithoutvalidwaiverof5th I   Amendmentrightswereacauseofcodefendantsdecisiontopleadguiltyandtestifyagainstdefendant.).  j  Coxv.UnitedStates,294F.3d959(8thCir.2002)(Wherecounselpromisedtopetitionforcertioraributfailedto,judgment   affirmingconvictionwouldbevacatedandnewjudgmententeredtoallowtimelyfilingofthepetition.). Y  _Avila_Ԁv._Galaza_,297F.3d911(9thCir.2002)(Defensecounselsfailuretoinvestigateorintroduceevidencethatpetitionersbrother >  wasactualshooterinattemptedmurderprosecutionwasineffectiveassistanceofcounselwarrantinghabeasrelief.).   Riosv.Rocha,299F.3d796(9thCir.2002)(Ineffectiveassistanceofcounseloccurredwherethedefensecounselfailedto - interviewmorethanonewitnesstoashootingbeforedecidingtoabandonamisidentificationdefense). N  Gentryv.Roe,300F.3d1007(9thCir.2002)(Statecourtdeterminationthatpetitionerwasnotdeniedeffectiveassistanceofcounsel y wasobjectivelyunreasonableapplicationoffederallawwarrantinghabeasrelief.).  =  Brownv._Sternes_,304F.3d677(7thCir.2002)(failuretoinvestigatepetitionerspsychiatricconditionandfailuretodemandaction   on_unexecuted_Ԁsubpoenaformedicalrecordsresultedinprejudicetopetitioner,andstatecourtsdeterminationtothecontrarywas  anunreasonableapplicationoffederallaw.).  K  Lunav._Cambra_,306F.3d954(9thCir.2002)(Defensecounselsdeficientperformanceinfailingtocallalibiwitnessesandinfailing . tointerviewandobtaininculpatorystatementfromexoneratingwitnesswasprejudicialunder_Strickland_.).   _Brownlee_Ԁv._Haley_,306F.3d1043(11thCir.2002)(Trialcounselsfailuretoinvestigate,obtain,orpresentevidenceof x  mitigatingcircumstancestosentencingjurywasineffectiveassistance.). :!  UnitedStatesv.Bass,310F.3d321(5thCir.2002)(Counselsfailuretoraisesufficiencyofevidenceissueonappealwas a# prejudicial.).  %$  UnitedStatesv._Couto_,311F.3d179(2ndCir.2002)(counselineffectiveformisrepresentingtodefendantdeportationconsequences & ofhisguiltyplea.). o '  Johnsonv.UnitedStates,313F.3d815(2ndCir.2002)(nonbarredineffectiveassistanceclaimforfailuretoobjecttocalculation !R) ofbaseoffenselevel). " * _Pirtle_Ԁv.Morgan,313F.3d1160(9thCir.2002)(Failuretorequestjuryinstructionbasedondiminishedcapacitywasineffective A$!, assistanceofcounsel.). %b"-  4 HO  5  TableofContents6O  7   &#/ XLX% S %SINSUFFICIENTEVIDENCE#XXL# (p%1  UnitedStatesv.Adams,174F.3d571(5thCir.1999)(ProsecutionfailedtoproverequisiteintentunderMigratoryBirdTreatyAct )'3 wheredefendantsscatteringofwheatonfieldfellunderbonafideagriculturaloperationsorproceduresexception).  *'4 @* UnitedStatesv.Gibbs,174F.3d762(6thCir.1999)(insufficientevidencetoproveconspiracyunder slightevidencetestandto  ,h)6 provefirearmsconvictions).  ,,*7  UnitedStatesv._Goynes_,175F.3d350(5thCir.1999)(failuretoproveintentinprosecutionformailingthreateningcommunications).  U.+9  /v,:  UnitedStatesv._Checora_,175F.3d782(10thCir.1999)(departuresforextremeconductnotadequatelysupported;restitutionorder  notsupportedbysufficientevidence).  g  UnitedStatesv.Green,175F.3d822(10thCir.1999)(priorconvictionsandattributionofdrugsnotsupportedbysufficient J evidence).  UnitedStatesv._Stotts_ , 176F.3d880(6thCir.1999)( useand carryprongsof18U.S.C.924_(c_)notmetrequiringreversalfor 9 insufficientevidence). \ _UnitedStatesv.Charley,176F.3d1265(10thCir.1999)(insufficientevidencetosupportconvictionofchildabuseonIndian    reservation). K   UnitedStatesv.McGuire,178F.3d205(3rdCir.1999)(insufficientproofofinterstatecommerceinprosecutionunder18U.S.C.  0  844(i)).   UnitedStatesv.Martin,180F.3d965(8thCir.1999)(insufficientevidencetosupportconvictionforbeingfeloninpossessionof |  firearm!constructivepossessionissue). @  UnitedStatesv.Gibbs,182F.3d408(6thCir.1999)(insufficientevidencetosupportconspiracyandfirearmsconvictions). k  UnitedStatesv.Guadagna,183F.3d122(2ndCir.1999)(evidenceinsufficienttosupportdefendantsconvictiononsecondcount P ofwirefraudstemmingfromphonecallmadeaspartoffraudulentsweepstakestelemarketingscheme).  UnitedStatesv.Davis,183F.3d231(3rdCir.1999)(evidenceinsufficienttosupportconvictionforinterferingwithwiretap, ? obstructionofgrandjuryproceeding,conspiracytoobstructjustice,andracketeering;defendantentitledtointoxicationinstruction ` withrespecttowitnesstamperingcharge). $ UnitedStatesv.OrdunoAguilera,183F.3d1138(9thCir.1999)(insufficientevidencetoproveesterderivativesofdrugspromoted O musclegrowth,asrequiredtoprovedrugswereanabolicsteroids). p      P     X      `   UnitedStatesv.Gonzalez,183F.3d1315(11thCir.1999)(Bruton errornotharmless;insufficientevidenceofconspiracy  indrugcase;insufficientevidenceofusingorcarryingfirearminrelationtodrugtraffickingcrime;insufficientnoticeby a governmentofintenttoseeksentenceenhancementbasedonpriorconvictions).  #  UnitedStatesv.Laljie,184F.3d180(2ndCir.1999)(insufficientevidenceofmailfraud).   h  " UnitedStatesv.Washington,184F.3d654(7thCir.1999)(convictionbasedonincredibleevidence). 1$ UnitedStatesv.BarajasMontiel,185F.3d947(9thCir.1999)(criminalintentrequiredforfelonyoffenseofbringinginillegal & aliensforfinancialgain). } ' UnitedStatesv.Anderson,189F.3d1201(10thCir.1999)(insufficientevidenceofmoneylaundering;insufficientevidenceto "b) supportfindingthatdefendantwasmanager,organizer,leaderorsupervisor). "& * UnitedStatesv.Charley,189F.3d1251(10thCir.1999)(insufficientevidenceofonecountinprosecutionforchildabuseonIndian Q$!, reservation). %r"- UnitedStatesv.Reveles,190F.3d678(5thCir.1999)(insufficientevidencein21U.S.C.846prosecution). &#/ UnitedStatesv.Walker,191F.3d326(2ndCir.1999)(insufficientevidenceinonecountofmakingfalsestatementstoINS). %(%1 UnitedStatesv.ColonMunoz,192F.3d210(1stCir.1999)(insufficientevidencetosupportconvictionformisapplicationofbank ) '3 fundsandmakingfalsestatementonloandocument). q*'4 UnitedStatesv.Layne,192F.3d556(6thCir.1999)(insufficientevidencetosupportcrackcocaineconviction;defendantdidnot +V)6  useor carryfirearmduringandinrelationtodrugtraffickingoffense). ,*7 UnitedStatesv.Applewhaite,195F.3d679(3rdCir.1999)(insufficientevidencetosupportcarjackingconvictions). E.+9   /f,: UnitedStatesv.Barnett,197F.3d138(5thCir.1999)(insufficientevidenceofintentinmurderconspiracyprosecution). $       UnitedStatesv.Owusu,199F.3d329(6thCir.2000)(insufficientevidenceofdistributionofheroin). L UnitedStatesv.OlaniyiOke,199F.3d767(5thCir.1999)(insufficientevidenceofmoneylaunderinginunauthorizeduseofcredit w cardtopurchasecomputersonlyforpersonaluse). ; UnitedStatesv.RosarioDiaz,202F.3d54(1stCir.2000)(insufficientevidenceincarjackingprosecution).   UnitedStatesv.Wood,207F.3d1222(10thCir.2000)(insufficientevidencetoprovepremeditationormaliceaforethoughtin K   murderprosecution;Rule403violationinadmissionofexperttestimony  l  onuseofpotassiumchlorideinexecutionofanimals;reversedforcumulativeevidentiaryerrorsand  0  errorindenyingmotionforjudgmentofacquittal).   UnitedStatesv.Bryce,208F.3d346(2ndCir.2000)(Defendantsuncorroboratedadmissionsinsufficienttosupportpossession |  anddistributionconvictionsanddidnotfallunderspecialcircumstancesexceptiontocorroborationrequirement.). @       P  UnitedStatesv.Coleman,208F.3d786(9thCir.2000)(involuntarystatementevidencedbyinducementtocooperate;evidence k  sufficienttoconvictforbankrobberybutnotforarmedbankrobbery). / UnitedStatesv.Reliford,210F.3d285(5thCir.2000)(insufficientevidenceofattempteddistributionofcrackcocaine).  UnitedStatesv.TorresRamirez,213F.3d978(7thCir.2000)(insufficientevidencethatonedefendantjoinedinconspiracy). ? UnitedStatesv.Hoskins,173F.3d351(6thCir.1999)(insufficientevidenceofdrugconspiracy).    $ UnitedStatesv.EstradaMacias,218F.3d1064(9thCir.2000)(insufficientevidenceinprosecutionforconspiracytomanufacture O methampthetamine). p UnitedStatesv.White,219F.3d442(5thCir.2000)(insufficientevidenceofpossessionwithintenttodistributecocaine).  Pattersonv.Gomez,223F.3d959(9thCir.2000)(instructioninguiltyphaseofcapitalmurdertrialthatjurypresumethatdefendant #  wassaneviolateddueprocessandwasnotharmless). D! UnitedStatesv.PenaLora,225F.3d18(1stCir.2000)(insufficientevidenceinhostagetakingconspiracyprosecution;mandatory o# sentencesforusingmultipleweaponsduringsinglecrimeofviolencecouldnotbeconsecutivetoeachother). 3$ UnitedStatesv.Gee,226F.3d885(7thCir.2000)(insufficientevidenceinwireandmailfraudprosecution;lackofbuyerseller & instructionrequiredreversal).  ' UnitedStatesv.Recio,226F.3d1087(9thCir.2000)(insufficientevidencetoprovedrugconspiracy;counselsfailuretomove "d) foracquittalondrugpossessionchargeafterdefendantsfirsttrialwasineffectiveassistance). "( * UnitedStatesv.Velazquez,246F.3d204(2ndCir.2001)(insufficientevidenceofheatofpassiontoestablishthatunderlying S$!, offensewasvoluntarymanslaughter;clarificationrequiredastomalice;Apprendierrorrecognizableevenifdefendantswithdrew %t"- theirappealsduetopossibilityofincreasedsentenceafterremand). %8#. UnitedStatesv.Loe,248F.3d449(5thCir.2001)(insufficientevidencetosupportmoneylaunderingconvictionsbecause c'$0 governmentcouldnotprovewithdrawalcontaineddirtymoney). '(%1  UnitedStatesv.Diaz,248F.3d1065(11thCir.2001)(insufficientevidenceofHobbsActviolations;courtcouldnotenhance ) '3 sentenceby5levelsforweaponsbasedonbrandishingorpossessionbyacodefendant).  q*'4 UnitedStatesv.Landham,251F.3d1072(6thCir.2001)(deficientindictmentwithrespecttointerstatetransmissionofthreatsto +T)6 kidnap;insufficientevidencetoprovetruethreattokidnaporthreattoinjure;vulgardisparagingcommentstowifedidnotsupport ,*7 convictionformakingobsceneinterstatetelephonecalls). -*8 UnitedStatesv.Iiland,254F.3d1264(10thCir.2001)(Evidenceinsufficienttosupportconvictionforfirearmpossessionin /d,: Y; ww   furtheranceofdrugtraffickingactivity).  UnitedStatesv.Holloway,259F.3d1199(9thCir.2001)(evidenceinsufficienttoprovearmedbankrobberyandcarryingafirearm + inrelationtoaviolentcrime). L UnitedStatesv.Desena,260F.3d150(2ndCir.2001)(insufficientevidencetosustainconvictionforconspiracytoassaultwith w dangerousweaponinaidofracketeering). ; UnitedStatesv.Turner,272F.3d380(6thCir.2001)(insufficientevidencetoproveinterstatecommerceelementofHobbsAct   _convictions).    UnitedStatesv._Gumbs_,283F.3d128(3rdCir.2002)(insufficientevidenceinFalseClaimsActcasetoprovethatdefendant  l  knowinglymadeclaimunderafederallyfundedcontract).  0  UnitedStatesv.Cruz,285F.3d692(8thCir.2002)(insufficientevidencetoprovedefendanthadconstructivepossessionofhouse [  wheremethamphetaminewasfoundandinsufficientevidencetoproveconspiracy). |   UnitedStatesv.Cano,289F.3d1354(11thCir.2002)(insufficientevidencetoprovedefendantpossessedmarijuanaduring   relevanttimeperiod).  i  UnitedStatesv.Booze,293F.3d516(D.C.Cir.2002)(DistrictCourtappliedincorrectstandardindeterminingwhetherattorneys L advicetodefendanttoacceptpleawasineffectiveassistance;standardshouldhavebeenwhethercounselmadea plainlyincorrect  estimateofsentenceduetoignoranceofthelaw;remandedforevidentiaryhearingtodetermineifpleaofferwasmade.). w UnitedStatesv.HernandezBautista,293F.3d845(5thCir.2002)(Evidencedidnotsupportconvictionsforpossessionofmarijuana \ withintenttodistribute.).    UnitedStatesv._McCarrick_,294F.3d1286(11thCir.2002)(insufficientevidenceofspecificintenttodefraudbank).  K 4 HO  5  TableofContents6 O   7   .  XLX%  % INTERSTATECOMMERCE#XXLy # Y  UnitedStatesv.McGuire,178F.3d205(3rdCir.1999)(insufficientproofofinterstatecommerceinprosecutionunder18U.S.C. d! 844(_i_)).  ("  UnitedStatesv.Wilson,182F.3d737(9thCir.1999)(reversedandremandedforfailuretoprovejurisdictionalelementofproof Q$ ofvisualdepictionofminorsengagedinsexuallyexplicitconductproducedusingmaterialswhichtraveledininterstate r% commerce!noproofofinterstatecommerce). 6& UnitedStatesv.Johnson,194F.3d657(5thCir.1999)(inprosecutionforchurchburningunderfederalarsonstatute,factualbasis a!( forguiltypleainsufficientwhereonlyevidenceofinterstatecommercenexuswasoutofstateinsurerspaymenttochurchandfact %") thatchurchwasaduespayingmemberofanorganizationthatfundedanationalbody). "F * Un_ited_ԀStatesv._Tasy_,203F.3d1060(8thCir.2000)(insufficientnexustointerstatecommercetoformbasisforfederaljurisdiction).  q$!,  Jonesv.UnitedStates,___U.S.___,120S.Ct.1904(2000)(Anowneroccupiedresidencenotusedforanycommercialpurpose %T#. doesnotqualifyas propertyusedininterstateorforeigncommerceorinanyactivityaffectinginterstateorforeigncommerce &$/ withinthemeaningofthefederalarsonstatute,andarsonofsuchadwellingisnotsubjecttoprosecutionunderthatstatute.).  '$0  UnitedStatesv._Rea_,223F.3d741(8thCir.2000)(churchsuseofmaterialspurchasedininterstatecommerceanduseofnatural )b&2 gasandfactthatpropertyinquestionwaschurchpropertyinsufficientbasestosatisfyjurisdictionalrequirementoffederalarson )&'3 statute). *'4 UnitedStatesv._Faasse_,227F.3d660(6thCir.2000)(ChildSupportRecoveryActisunconstitutionalbecauseitexceedsCongresss ,r)6 commerceclauseauthority). ,6*7 UnitedStatesv.Ryan,227F.3d1058(8thCir.2000)(SupremeCourtdecisioninJonesv.UnitedStatesrelativetostandardapplied a.+9 indeterminingwhetherbuildingisusedininterstatecommerceorinactivityaffectingcommercewithingmeaningofarsonstatute %/,: establishedthesubstantivereachofthestatute,ratherthananewruleofcriminalprocedure,andthuscouldbeappliedretroactively;  insufficientnexuswithinterstatecommerceinthiscasetosustainconviction). g UnitedStatesv.Peterson,236F.3d848(7thCir.2001)(insufficientevidenceofde_minimus_Ԁimpactoninterstatecommercein_Hobbs_ L Actprosecution).  UnitedStatesv.Johnson,246F.3d749(5thCir.2001)(insufficientfactualbasistosupportpleatochargeofarsonofpropertyused ; ininterstatecommercewherenoshowingofsubstantialeffectoninterstatecommerceoractiveemploymentofchurchbuildingfor \ commercialpurposes).    UnitedStatesv._Odom_,252F.3d1289(11thCir.2001)(insufficientevidencethatchurchwasusedinoraffectedinterstate K   commercesoastobringitwithinpurviewoffederalarsonstatute).   j  UnitedStatesv.Turner,272F.3d380(6thCir.2001)(insufficientevidencetoproveinterstatecommerceelementof_Hobbs_ԀAct   convictions). W  UnitedStatesv.Lynch,282F.3d1049(9thCir.2002)(ApplyingFifthCircuitruleinCollinstofactsofcase,casewouldberemanded <  todetermineifevidencesupportedafindingthatdefendantstolefromaperson directlyandcustomarilyengagedininterstate   commerce;createdalikelihoodthatassetsofanentityengagedininterstatecommercewouldbedepleted;orvictimizedalarge g  numberofindividualsortookasumsolargethattherewas somecumulativeeffectoninterstatecommerce.). + UnitedStatesv._Rea_,300F.3d952(8thCir.2002)(Inprosecutionunderfederalarsonstatute,therewasaninsufficientfactualbasis  tosupportconditionalpleabecauseofinsufficientevidencethatchurchannexwasusedininterstatecommerceorinanyactivity w affectinginterstatecommerce.). ;  UnitedStatesv._Ballinger_,312F.3d1264(11thCir.2002)(Neitherchurchesacceptanceofdonationsfromoutofstate   donors,theirpurchaseofbooksfromoutofstatevendors,theirmembershipinandfinancialcontributionstonational  churchorganization,norfactthattheyhadoutofstatemembersandoccasionallyhostedoutofstateguests,hadsubstantial G effectoninterstatecommerceasrequiredtoviolateChurchArsonPreventionAct.).   f UnitedStatesv._Perrotta_,313F.3d33(2ndCir.2002)(insufficientevidencethatvictimwasdirectlyinvolvedininterstatecommerce  tosatisfy_Hobbs_ԀActjurisdictionalrequirement). S UnitedStatesv._Henriques_,234F.3d263(5thCir.2000)(insufficientconnectiontointernetto_sastisfy_Ԁjurisdictionalinterstate 8! commerceelementinchildpornographyprosecutionwhereoneofthreeimageswasnotconnectedtointernet). " 4  HO  5  TableofContents6#O#  7 # '$  XLX% Z %Z}$JUDICIALMISCONDUCT#XXL^$#  &      P _Bracy_Ԁv._Schomig_,286F.3d406(7thCir.2002)(Inferenceofbiasoccurredduringpenaltyphaseofcapitaltrialbecauseofpresiding ]!( judgespracticeofacceptingbribesinothercases.).  !"~) XLX % \ %\j&% g JURY%g&ԀDELIBERATIONS#XXLG&# #.!+  UnitedStatesv.Santana,175F.3d57(1stCir.1999)(allowingjuryduringdeliberationstoobservedefendantsears,whichwere %"- coveredbyheadphonesduringtrial,allowedjurytoconsiderextrinsicinformation).  C&#.  UnitedStatesv.Davis,177F.3d552(6thCir.1999)(whenonejurorrequestedtobeexcusedfromdeliberations,itwaserrornot '&%0 toquestionalljurorsaboutprejudicial,extraneousinformation;errornottomergeconvictionforstealingU.S.propertyintorobbery (%1 conviction).  Q)&2  UnitedStatesv.Symington,195F.3d1080(9thCir.1999)(errortodismissjurorduringdeliberationsbecausereasonablepossibility *4(4 existedthatimpetusfordismissalwasherpositiononmeritsofcase).    +(5  UnitedStatesv.Humphrey,208F.3d1190(10thCir.2000)(Abuseofdiscretioninlimitinginvestigationintowhetherjurorswere !-~*7 exposedtoextraneousinformation;defendantentitledtoinstructiononsimplepossessionin21U.S.C.841(a)case;evidencedid -B+8 notsupportenhancementforuseofaminor.). .,9   m/,:  UnitedStatesv.Ali,266F.3d1242(9thCir.2001)(evidenceinsufficientasamatteroflawtoshowbankwasfederallyinsuredat  timeofrobbery). g  UnitedStatesv._Carpa_,271F.3d962(11thCir.2001)(Districtcourtsinvestigationofallegedjurormisconductwas L inadequate.).   Packerv.Hill,277F.3d1092(9thCir.2002)(trialjudgesstatementsandactionsduringjurydeliberationundulycoercive;requiring 7 defendanttowearlegbraceduringtrialdueprocessviolation). X  _Fullwood_Ԁv.Lee,290F.3d663(4thCir.2002)(Petitionerwasentitledtoevidentiaryhearingonclaimthatjurorwasimproperly    influencedbyherhusbandinvotingondeathsentence;petitionerentitledtoevidentiaryhearingtoexplorewhetherjurywas E   improperlyinfluencedbyconsiderationthathehadreceiveddeathsentencefromanotherjury.).   f   4 HO  5  TableofContents60O0  7 0    XLX% y JURYINSTRUCTIONS%yz1#XXL[1# r   UnitedStatesv._Gergen_,172F.3d719(9thCir.1999)(juryinstructioneliminatingmens_rea_Ԁrequirementinpossessionoffirearm   waserror;governmenthadburdenofprovingdefendantknewofparticularcharacteristicsofweaponwhichmadeitafirearm).     UnitedStatesv.Hernandez,176F.3d719(3rdCir.1999)(errortoinstructjurythattheycanconvictbasedonwhatisintheirown  j heart,soulandspirit). . UnitedStatesv.Whitehead,176F.3d1030(8thCir.1999)(prejudicialerrorinfailingtogiveinstructionon insolvencywhenit Y waselementofcrimeofbankfraudandfalsestatement).     z UnitedStatesv._Frega_,179F.3d793(9thCir.1999)(misleadingjuryinstructiononRICO).         P     X UnitedStatesv.Jackson,180F.3d55(2ndCir.1999)(erroneousinstructiononelementofthreattoreputationwhichhasnonexus - toaclaimofright inprosecutionfortransmissionofextortionatethreatstoinjurereputation). N UnitedStatesv.Nunez,180F.3d227(5thCir.1999)(erroneousjuryinstructionalloweddefendanttobeconvictedofuncharged { crime). ?  UnitedStatesv.RamosTorres,187F.3d909(8thCir.1999)(inadvertentlygivingjuryinstructionrelatingtodismissedforfeiture $" countagainstdefendantrosetolevelofstructuralerrorrenderingtrialfundamentallyunfairandrequiringreversal). # UnitedStatesv._Yazzie_,188F.3d1178(10thCir.1999)(instructiononlesserincludedoffenserequired;defendantsrefusaltosign p% waiverofMirandarightsformoverriddenbyhisverbalindicationthatheunderstoodhisrightsandwaswillingtotalktopolice). 4& UnitedStatesv._Shipsey_,190F.3d1081(9thCir.1999)(Constructiveamendmentofindictmentbydistrictcourtrequiredreversal). _!( Smallsv._Batista_,191F.3d272(2ndCir.1999)(improperlycoerciveAllenchargenotharmless). "D * UnitedStatesv._Pasillas_Ԅ_Gaytan_,192F.3d864(9thCir.1999)(errornottoincludemens_rea_Ԁrequirementininstructionsin o$!, prosecutionforunlawfulprocurementofnaturalizationanderrornotharmless;acquittalonfalsestatementcountprecludedretrial). 3%"- UnitedStatesv.Richardson,195F.3d317(7thCir.1999)(remandedfordismissalof_CCE_Ԁcountduetoimproperjuryinstructions). &$/ UnitedStatesv._Pigee_,197F.3d879(7thCir.1999)(constructiveamendmentbyinstructiontojurythatgovernmenthadtoprove C(%1 defendantmadebuildingavailableforunlawfulpurposedepriveddefendantofFifthAmendmentrighttoindictmentbygrandjury). )d&2 _Conde_Ԁv.Henry,198F.3d734(9thCir.1999)(righttocounseldeniedbyprecludingattorneyfromarguingtheoryofdefense; *'4 requestedjuryinstructiononsimple_kidnapping_Ԁshouldhavebeengiven;errortomodifyCaliforniapatternjuryinstructionto S+(5 removeimmediatepresencerequirementforrobbery). ,t)6 UnitedStatesv._Hassouneh_,199F.3d175(4thCir.2000)(errorininstructingjuryonterm maliciouslyanderrortoexclude -*8 evidencethatdefendantwasapranksterinprosecutionforfalselystatingtherewasbombinbaghesoughttoplaceaboardcivil c.+9 aircraft). '/,:  O>W> e e   UnitedStatesv.Anderson,201F.3d1145(9thCir.2000)(failuretogiveinstructiononinvoluntarymanslaughterinvoluntary g manslaughterprosecution). +      P    Gainesv.Kelly,202F.3d598(2ndCir.2000)(juryinstructiondefiningreasonabledoubtsevendifferentwayswasconstitutionally  defective). w UnitedStatesv.Humphrey,208F.3d1190(10thCir.2000)(Abuseofdiscretioninlimitinginvestigationintowhetherjurorswere \ exposedtoextraneousinformation;defendantentitledtoinstructiononsimplepossessionin21U.S.C.841(a)case;evidencedid   notsupportenhancementforuseofaminor.).    Colemanv._Calderon_,210F.3d1047(9thCir.2000)(Instructionongovernorspowertocommutesentenceindeathcasewas K   unconstitutional,anderrorwasnotharmless.).  l  UnitedStatesv.Smith,217F.3d746(9thCir.2000)(refusalofcourttoinstructondefendantstheoryofdefensethathewasnot   awarethatfirearmwasfullyautomaticwasnotharmless). [  UnitedStatesv._Sauza_ԄMartinez,217F.3d754(9thCir.2000)(failureofcourttogivelimitinginstructionwhenitadmittedpost @  arrestincriminatingstatementbycodefendantdirectlyimplicatingdefendantwasplainerror).   UnitedStatesv.Fuchs,218F.3d957(9thCir.2000)(failuretoinstructthatatleastoneovertactinfurtheranceofconspiracymust / haveoccurredduringthelimitationsperiodwasplainerror). P Pattersonv.Gomez,223F.3d959(9thCir.2000)(instructioninguiltyphaseofcapitalmurdertrialthatjurypresumethatdefendant { wassaneviolateddueprocessandwasnotharmless). ? UnitedStatesv.Walls,225F.3d858(7thCir.2000)(erroneousinstructionregardingfirearmcountwasnotharmless). $ UnitedStatesv.Gee,226F.3d885(7thCir.2000)(insufficientevidenceinwireandmailfraudprosecution;lackofbuyerseller O instructionrequiredreversal). p UnitedStatesv.EasternMedicalBilling,Inc.,230F.3d600(3rdCir.2000)(instructiongivenafterjurorsindicatedthattheymay  behungonsomechargeswasabuseofdiscretionandnotharmlesserror). _ UnitedStatesv.Crowley,236F.3d104(2ndCir.2000)(Districtcourtshouldhavegivenrequestedinstructiononvoluntary D! intoxication.). " _Penry_Ԁv.Johnson,121S.Ct.1910(2001)(Habeasreliefwarrantedwhereinstructionsonmitigatingcircumstancesincapitalcase 3$ failedtoprovidejurywithvehicletogiveeffecttomitigatingcircumstancesofmentalretardationandchildhoodabuse.). T% UnitedStatesv.Pierre,254F.3d872(9thCir.2001)(Juryinstructiononselfdefenseimpermissiblyshiftedburdenofproofto  ' defendantandconstitutedreversibleerror). C!(  Johnsonv.Gibson,254F.3d1155(10thCir.2001)(Trialcourtsinappropriateresponsetojuryquestionregardingmeaningoflife "& * imprisonmentwithoutparolewarrantedfederalhabeasrelief). # + _Murtishaw_Ԁv._Woodford_,255F.3d926(9thCir.2001)(Instructingjurybasedon1978Calif.deathpenaltystatute,ratherthan1977 %r"- statuteineffectattimeofoffense,violatedexpostfactoclauseanddueprocess;erroneousinstructionwasnotharmless,thus %6#. warrantinggrantofhabeaspetitionwithregardtodeathsentence). &#/  UnitedStatesv._Desir_,257F.3d1233(11thCir.2001)(MagistrateinappropriatelyexercisedauthorityofanArticleIIIjudge %(%1 withoutdefendantsconsent,thusrequiringreversal,bymakingfinaldecisionregardingdeliberatingjurysrequestfor (D&2 readbackoftrialtestimony).  )'3 Kellyv.SouthCarolina,534U.S.246,122S.Ct.726,152L.Ed.2d670(2002)(Defendantwasentitledtoajuryinstructionunder /+(5 Simmonsthattheonlyalternativepunishmenttodeathislifewithoutparole.). +P)6 UnitedStatesv.Baker,262F.3d124(2ndCir.2001)(Sincejurywasonlyinstructedonlesserincludedoffense,sentenceforoffense {-*8 ofmurdertoobstructjusticeviolatedSixthAmendmentsrighttotrialbyjuryandDueProcessClauseofFifthAmendment.). ?.+9  /`,: L?  w   UnitedStatesv.George,266F.3d52(2ndCir.2001)(Constitutionalerrorresultedfromerroneousjuryinstructionswhichallowed  jurytoconvictbasedonreasonablenessofdefendantsbehaviorandnotbasedonspecificintent.). g Davisv._Strack_,270F.3d111(2ndCir.2001)(Failuretogivejustificationchargeincasewherepetitionerwasrobbedatgunpoint L threetimes,raped,andhadlifethreatenedwasviolationofdueprocesswarrantinghabeasrelief.).  UnitedStatesv.Rivera,273F.3d751(7thCir.2001)(insufficientevidencetoestablishdrugconspiracy;erroneousjuryinstruction). ; _Garceau_Ԁv._Woodford_,275F.3d769(9thCir.2001)(Juryinstructionallowingjurytodrawinferenceofcriminalpropensityfrom   othercrimesevidenceviolatedDueProcessandwasnotharmless.).    UnitedStatesv._McElhiney_.275F.3d928(10thCir.2001)(Allenchargewasimpermissiblycoercive.).  l  UnitedStatesv.Brown,287F.3d965(10thCir.2002)(Defendantwasentitledtoinstructiononlesserincludedoffenseofinvoluntary   manslaughterinvoluntarymanslaughterprosecution.). [  Caldwellv.Bell,288F.3d838(6thCir.2002)(Instructiononlesserincludedoffenseofseconddegreemurder,thatmalicewas @  presumedwheredefendantwasshowntohaveusedweaponanddeathisclearlyshowntohaveresultedfromitsuse,violateddue   process;instructionhadasubstantialandinjuriouseffectonverdict.). k  Packerv.Hill,291F.3d569(9thCir.2002)(Trialjudgesstatementsandactionsduringjurydeliberationswereundulycoercivein P violationofDefendantsFourteenthAmendmentdueprocessrights.).   UnitedStatesv.Descent,292F.3d703(11thCir.2002)(Modifiedjuryinstructionviolatedrulerequiringtrialjudgetoinform ? counselofitsproposedactiononrequestedjuryinstructionspriortoclosingarguments.).  ^ _Valerio_Ԁv.Crawford,306F.3d742(9thCir.2002)(Capitalcasepenaltyphaseinstructionwhichdirectedjurytodeterminewhether  murderinvolved torture,depravityofmind,ormutilationofthevictimwasunconstitutionalandnotharmlesserror.). K  4 HO  5  TableofContents6^bOrb  7 b  0 XLXJURY% T %TQcSELECTION#XXL-c# Y UnitedStatesv._Maragh_,174F.3d1202(11thCir.1999)(Magistratemustobtainonrecordexplicitandpersonalconsentof d! parties,notcounsel,formagistratetoconductvoirdire). &"  UnitedStatesv.Barnett,175F.3d580(7thCir.1990)(denialofhabeaspetitionersmotionfortrialcontinuanceviolateddueprocess, M$ andlimitonvoirdirere:gangbiasviolated6thAmendment).  n%  _Tolbert_Ԁv.Page,182F.3d677(9thCir.1999)(defendantentitledtodeferentialreviewof_Batson_claim,overrulingTurnerv.  ' Marshall,63F.3d807(9thCir.1995)).  [!(  UnitedStatesv.Harris,192F.3d580(6thCir.1999)(ItwasstructuralerrorfordistrictcourttojustifyexclusionofAfrican "> * AmericanprospectivejurorssolelybecauseoneAfricanAmericanwasactuallyseatedandtwootherswhowerestruckwouldhave #!+ onlyservedasalternates).  i$!,  UnitedStatesv.Jones,193F.3d948(8thCir.1999)(jurorsvoirdireanswersindicatedshewasbiasedinfavorofpolice;failure %L#. tostrikeherforcausewasreversibleerror).  &$/  UnitedStatesv._Polichemi_,201F.3d858(7thCir.2000)(errornottoexcuseforcauseprospectivejurorwhoworkedforU.S. 9(%1 Attorneywhoprosecutedcase). (Z&2 UnitedStatesv.Jackson,209F.3d1103(9thCir.2000)(evidentiaryhearingwarrantedonjurorbiasclaim). *'4 UnitedStatesv.Gonzalez,214F.3d1109(9thCir.2000)(impliedorexpressbiassufficienttojustifyexcusingofjurorforcause).  ,j)6 UnitedStatesv.Henley,238F.3d1111(9thCir.2001)(Districtcourterredinfailingtomakefactualfindingsregardingclaimof -*8 racialbiasofjuror.). P  Y.+9 ЇUnitedStatesv.Harbin,250F.3d532(7thCir.2001)(Prosecutionsmidtrialuseofperemptorychallengeinviolationofcourts  instructionviolateddefendantsdueprocessrights.). g      P     X      ` UnitedStatesv._Blanding_,250F.3d858(4thCir.2001)(errorforcourttosustainunder_Batson_challengetodefensecounselsstrike L ofwhitevenirememberwhohaddisplayedbumperstickerwithconfederateflag.).  _Galarza_Ԁv.Keane,252F.3d630(2ndCir.2001)(Trialcourtfailedtoadjudicateunder_Batson_whetheritcreditedprosecutors ; profferedexplanationsforstrikingthreeprospectivejurorswithHispanicnames.). \  Eaglev._Linahan_,268F.3d1306(11thCir.2001)(Trialjudgesstatementthathebelievedbothpartieswereusingperemptory    challengesindiscriminatorymannershouldhavecausedtrialjudgetorequireprosecutiontogiveraceneutralreasonsfor I   excludingblackvenirepersons;appellatecounselsfailuretoraise_Batson_issueondirectappealwasineffectiveassistance  h  ofcounsel.).   *  UnitedStatesv.Nelson,277F.3d164(2ndCir.2002)(impermissibleraceandreligionbasedreconstructionofjurybydistrictcourt). S  Rileyv.Taylor,277F.3d261(3rdCir.2001)(habeascorpusgrantedfor_Batson_andCaldwellviolations). 8   Eaglev._Linahan_,279F.3d926(11thCir.2001)(Statetrialjudgeerredinnotrequiringprosecutiontoprovideraceneutral c  explanationforjurystrikes.).  %  _Bui_Ԁv._Haley_ , 279F.3d1327(11thCir.2002)(StatefailedtoarticulateraceneutralreasonsforstrikingAfricanAmericans.).   Fieldsv._Woodford_,281F.3d963(9thCir.2002)(evidentiaryhearingnecessarytodeterminejurorbias). 5 Fernandezv.Roe,286F.3d1073(9thCir.2002)(primafacieshowingof_Batson_violationwhereprosecutorstruck4out7Hispanics,  21%ofstrikesweremadeagainstHispanics,Hispanicsconstitutedonly12%ofthevenire,prosecutorstrucktheonly2prospective  AfricanAmericanjurors,andprosecutorfailedtoengageinanymeaningfulquestioningofminorityjurors). E 4 HO  5  TableofContents6IxO]x  7 x P     *  XLXJURY% Q %Q`yTAMPERING#XXL*7 ofdefendantwhomerelypossessedaweapon). -+8  i.+9 ALL A   A  UnitedStatesv.Burton,228F.3d524(4thCir.2000)(Officerwhoreachedintodefendantscoatduringroutinepolicecitizen  encounterviolatedFourthAmendmentdespitehisconcernforhisownsafetyandsafetyoffellowofficers.). g UnitedStatesv.Jones,242F.3d215(4thCir.2001)(Policeofficerwhohadreceivedanonymoustipthat severalblackmaleswere L drinkingbeerandcausingadisturbancenearintersectionandwhodidnotfindorseeanyoneatintersection,lackedreasonable  suspiciontostopautomobilecarryingfourAfrican-Americanmales.). w UnitedStatesv._Sigmond_Ԅ_Ballesteros_,247F.3d943(9thCir.2001)(noreasonablesuspiciontojustifystop). \ UnitedStatesv.Miles,247F.3d1009(9thCir.2001)(OfficerexceededpermissiblescopeofTerrystopbymanipulatingsmallbox    indefendantspocketwhichwasclearlynotaweaponandcouldnotbeimmediatelyrecognizedascontraband.). K   _UnitedStatesv.Hunt,253F.3d227(5thCir.2001)(Search,justifiedsolelyuponstatetroopersregularpracticeofconducting  0  vehiclesearchduringtrafficstopanytimedrivergetsoutofcartomeettrooperratherthanwaitinginvehiclefortroopertoapproach,   violatesFourthAmendment). [  UnitedStatesv.Jones,254F.3d692(8thCir.2001)(Defendantsactsofwalkingaroundphonebank,lookingbehindhim,traveling @  withoutluggage,andarrivingfromLosAngeleswerenotsufficientlysuggestiveofcrimetoconstitutereasonablesuspicion,and   officerstouchingofbulgeondefendantspersonduringconsentsearchdidnotprovideprobablecauseforarrest,wheredefendant k  explainedthatbulgewasfromrecentsurgery). / UnitedStatesv.Johnson,256F.3d214(4thCir.2001)(Trafficstopinvalidbecausestatetrooperdidnotpossessarticulable,  reasonablesuspicionthatdefendantsvehiclewasinviolationofstatelawestablishinglighttransmissionrequirementsforsunscreen { device). ? UnitedStatesv.Childs,256F.3d559(7thCir.2001)(Officerlackedreasonablesuspiciontoexceedscopeofstopspurposeby $ questioningpassengerconcerningdrugpossession,despitepassengersarrestbysameofficerthreedaysearlier).  UnitedStatesv.ShyHeath259F.3d522(6thCir.2001)(illegaldetentionunder4thAmendmentwhereinitialstopfailedtoproduce p evidenceofcriminalactivity). 4      P    UnitedStatesv.Nee,261F.3d79(1stCir.2001)(Districtcourtdidnotclearlyerrinitsfindingthatofficerenteredvehicleafter _ Terrystoptomakeintentionalsearch.). #  UnitedStatesv.Bishop,264F.3d919(9thCir.2001)(admissionofillegaltrafficstopevidencenotharmlessbeyondareasonable " doubt). o# UnitedStatesv.Valadez,267F.3d395(5thCir.2001)(Illegaldetentionpendingcompletionofcomputercheck,afterofficerbecame T% awarethatdefendanthadnotcommittedtrafficviolation,violateddefendantsFourthAmendmentrights.). & UnitedStatesv.ChavezValenzuela,268F.3d719(9thCir.2001)(Officerlackedreasonablesuspiciontodetaindefendantafter C!( trafficstopandquestionhimregardingdrugpossession;unlawfulsearchnotvitiatedbydefendantsconsent.). "d) UnitedStatesv.Hutchinson,268F.3d1117(D.C.Cir.2001)(Districtcourtfailedtodeterminewhetherthegovernmenthadmet # + itsburdentoshowthatseizureofdefendantlastednolongerthanwasnecessarytoeffectuatethepurposeofthestop.). S$!, UnitedStatesv.Jones,269F.3d919(8thCir.2001)(noreasonablesuspicionofnarcoticstraffickingtojustifycontinueddetention %8#. aftertrafficstop). &#/ UnitedStatesv.Davis,270F.3d977(D.C.Cir.2001)(Districtcourtshouldhaveconsideredoverallpurposeofmunicipalprogram '(%1 underwhichtrafficcheckpointwasestablished.). (H&2 UnitedStatesv.SigmondBallesteros,285F.3d1117(9thCir.2002)(Defendantsconductinchanginglanes,attemptstoobscure s*'4 face,timeofdayatwhichdefendantwasdriving,andabsenceofrearseatindefendantstruckwereinsufficientfactsuponwhich 7+(5 tobasereasonablesuspicion.). +X)6 UnitedStatesv.Mariscal,285F.3d1127(9thCir.2002)(Unsignalledrighthandturnwasinsufficient -*8 factuponwhichtobasereasonablesuspicion.). G.+9   /h,: ?WM ? ?  UnitedStatesv.Belcher,288F.3d1068(8thCir.2002)(DetentionoftruckfollowingstopviolatedFourthAmendment;officers  inquiriesregardingtrucksbillsofladingwereimproperunderArkansaslaw,whichallowedofficerstoaskforandinspectbills g ofladingonlyiftheyhadreasonablebeliefthatvehiclewasbeingoperatedinviolationofregulations.). + UnitedStatesv.Coward,296F.3d176(3rdCir.2002)(remandfordistrictcourtdeterminationofwhethergovernmentcanpresent  additionalevidenceinsupportofclaimofreasonablesuspicionforstop). w UnitedStatesv.Casado,303F.3d440(2ndCir.2002)(SearchofdefendantspocketduringTerrystopwasunreasonable.). \ UnitedStatesv.Yousif,308F.3d820(8thCir.2002)(HighwaycheckpointprogramviolatedFourthAmendment;noreasonable    individualizedsuspiciontojustifystop;consentinvoluntary;remandtodeterminevoluntarinessofstatements.). K   _UnitedStatesv.Santiago,310F.3d336(5thCir.2002)(ContinueddetentionafterrecordscheckwasunreasonableunderFourth  0  Amendment,andconsenttosearchvehiclewasproductofunlawfulextendeddetention.).   UnitedStatesv.Colin,314F.3d439(9thcir.2002)(noreasonablesuspiciontostopvehicleunderCaliforniastatuteprohibitinglane |  straddling). @    UnitedStatesv.Jones,234F.3d234(5thCir.2000)(althoughinitialTerrystopofvehiclewasvalid,continueddetentionafter k  driverslicensecheckviolatedFourthAmendment,driversconsentdidnotdissipateFourthAmendmentviolation,andevidence / obtainedwasduetobesuppressedasfruitofthepoisonoustree). P 46 HO  5  TableofContents6O  7 , {  XLXSEARCHANDSEIZURE%  %WARRANTS#XXL#  ` UnitedStatesv.King,227F.3d732(6thCir.2000)(officerssearchofbasementofduplexexceededscopeofwarrantanddid  notfallwithingoodfaithexceptiontoexclusionaryrule). w  UnitedStatesv._Herron_,215F.3d812(8thCir.2000)(searchwarrantwassolackinginprobablecausethatnoreasonable \ officershouldhavereliedonit).     UnitedStatesv.Simon,206F.3d392(4thCir.2000)(Failureofexecutorsofsearchwarranttoleavenoticeorreceiptin I  violationofrulerequiredremand.).   j!  UnitedStatesv.Ford,184F.3d566(6thCir.1999)(_overbroad_Ԁsearchwarrantingamblingprosecution).  #  UnitedStatesv.Gantt,179F.3d782(9thCir.1999)(goodfaithexceptiontoexclusionaryrulenotimplicatedwhereofficers z% failedtogivedefendantcopyofsearchwarrant,sinceviolationwasfaultofofficers,notjudiciary). >&  UnitedStatesv._Vigeant_,176F.3d565(1stCir.1999)(affidavitinsupportofsearchwarrantdidnotprovideprobablecause; g!( goodfaithexceptiontoexclusionaryruledidnotpermitadmissionofweaponsseizedduringexecutionofsearchwarrant). +")  UnitedStatesv.Scott,260F.3d512(6thCir.2001)(Searchwarrantsignedbyretiredjudgewasvoid.).  #!+  UnitedStatesv.Zimmerman,277F.3d426(3rdCir.2002)(Warrantapplicationdidnotsupportdeterminationbymagistratethat 9%"- therewasprobablecausetobelievethatdefendantpossessedchildpornographyinhishome;evidencethatdefendantpossessed %Z#. adultpornographywasstale;goodfaithexceptiondidnotapply.). &$/ UnitedStatesv._Helton_,314F.3d812(6thCir.2003)(Allegationsinaffidavit,consideredintheirtotality,didnotprovide I(%1 probablecauseforsearch;reasonableofficerwouldnothavebelievedanonymoustipstersstatementsweretrustworthyand  )j&2 reliable.). ).'3  48 HO  5  TableofContents6O  7   W+(5 49 HO  5  6{O  7 H4; HO  5  6'XLXO;  7 Hi% d SENTENCINGGENERAL%d#XXL# ,:*7  UnitedStatesv.Haas,171F.3d259(5thCir.1999)(remandforfailureproperlytocalculateloss). .+9 ЇUnitedStatesv.Hayes,171F.3d389(6thCir.1999)(plainerrortorelyonundisclosedvictimimpactlettersinsentencing).    UnitedStatesv.Hoover,175F.3d564(7thCir.1999)(abuseofdiscretionfordistrictcourttoorderdefendanttosurrender ) savingsbondstopayhistaxliability)..  J  _Krevsky_Ԁv.UnitedStates,186F.3d237(2ndCir.1999)(failuretoinformdefendantofrighttoappealnotharmlesswhere s defendantnotindependentlyawareofright). $$N$ 7  UnitedStatesv._Meador_,195F.3d66(1stCir.1999)(remandformorespecificfactualfindingre:threepointbaseoffenselevel  reductionforincomplete_conspiracy). ___     UnitedStatesv._Bao_,189F.3d860(9thCir.1999)(Admissionofstatementaspriorinconsistentstatementwaserroneous;  d  overvaluationofcounterfeitmanualsonapplyingoffenselevelenhancements).   (   UnitedStatesv._SKW_ԀMetals&Alloys,Inc.,195F.3d83(2ndCir.1999)(misapplicationof volumeofcommerceprovision Q  ofguidelines;misapprehensionofauthoritytoconsideracquittedconduct).  r   UnitedStatesv._Echegollen_Ԅ_Barrueta_,195F.3d786(5thCir.1999)(denialofrightto_allocution_).   UnitedStatesv._Rhynes_,196F.3d207(4thCir.1999)(impropersentencesexceedingstatutorymaximum). # UnitedStatesv.Smith,196F.3d676(6thCir.1999)(districtcourtdoublecountedwhenitappliedspecificoffense  characteristicsforfirearmdischarge,useorpossessioninconvictionunder18U.S.C.922(g)). o UnitedStatesv.Williams,198F.3d988(7thCir.1999)(remandedforpropersentenceof10years,themaximum,underFalse T Informationcounts).  UnitedStatesv._Tocco_,200F.3d401(6thCir.2000)(nospecificfactualfindingsonwhatunderlyingracketeeringactivityused C todeterminebaseoffenselevel;communityinvolvementinvalidbasisfordownwarddepartureifsubstantiallyfinancial). d UnitedStatesv.Adams,252F.3d276(3dCir.2001)(Districtcourtsfailuretoaskdefendantifhewishedtoexercisehisright  to_allocution_Ԁrequired_resentencing_.). S UnitedStatesv._Takahashi_,205F.3d1161(9thCir.2000)(erroneousrelianceon_U.S.S.G._Ԁ2D1.1tocalculatebaseoffense 8! level). " UnitedStatesv.Jones,204F.3d541(4thCir.2000)(convictionofpossessionofcocainemergedintoconvictionforpossession '$ withintenttodistributeforsentencingpurposes). H%  UnitedStatesv._Rhynes_,206F.3d349(4thCir.1999)(Sentencesexceededstatutorymaximumfordrugcarryinglowest q ' penalty.). 򀀀 5!(  UnitedStatesv.Chang,207F.3d1169(9thCir.2000)(reversalforsentencingabovestatutorymaximum).  " *  UnitedStatesv.Dale,178F.3d429(6thCir.1999)(plainerrortoimposemaximumsentenceundergeneralverdictinchargeof C$!, conspiracytopossesswithintenttodistributebothcocaineandmarijuanawherejurygivenenhancedunanimityinstruction).  %d"-  UnitedStatesv.Palmer,183F.3d1014(9thCir.1999)(clearlyerroneousupwardadjustmentsbasedonpossessionofgunsand &#/ marijuanainmobilehomeondefendantsproperty;priorstateconvictionmaynotbeusedtosetbaseoffenselevelwherecivil Q'$0 rightsrestoredwithrespecttoconviction).  (r%1  UnitedStatesv._Feurtado_,191F.3d420(4thCir.1999)(sentencesinexcessofthoseindefendantsguiltypleasimproper).  )&3  UnitedStatesv._Bazile_,209F.3d1205(10thCir.2000)(Guidelinespermittedonly25yearsentence,notlifeimprisonment.).  !+~(5  UnitedStatesv.RamirezCortez,213F.3d1149(9thCir.2000)(MagistrateJudgefailedtomakefactualfindingsregarding ,*7 excludingdelayfromSpeedyTrialActstimelimits;defendantwasentitledtoadditional1levelreductionforacceptanceof k-*8 responsibility).  /.+9  .P,:  UnitedStatesv.Webb,214F.3d962(8thCir.2000)(improperstandardappliedinsexualassaultcivilrightscaseforpurposeof  settingbaseoffenselevel;properstandardiswhetheranyforceinvolvedwassufficienttopreventvictimfromescapingsexual g contact).  +  UnitedStatesv._Arrington_,215F.3d855(8thCir.2000)(remandforevidentiaryhearingoncontestedfactin_PSR_).   UnitedStatesv._Mathis_,216F.3d18(D.C.Cir.2000)(improperincreaseofoffenselevelforcommissionofoffensewhileon 7 parole). X      UnitedStatesv._Collazo_Ԅ_Aponte_,216F.3d163(1stCir.2000)(impositionoflifesentenceforattemptedmurder,whichcarries    maximumof20years,requiredreversal). E   _UnitedStatesv.Ross,219F.3d592(7thCir.2000)(remandedforpropersentencingcalculationandpropercomputationof  *  creditfortimeserved).   VirginIslandsv.Martinez,239F.3d293(3rdCir.2001)(sentencesviolatedVirginIslandsstatuterequiringcourttosuspendat v  leastportionofcustodialtermwhenimposingsplitsentence). :  UnitedStatesv.Vega,241F.3d910(7thCir.2001)(Righttoappealsentenceinexcessofcourtsjurisdictionmaynotbe e  waived.). ) UnitedStatesv.Apker,241F.3d1060(8thCir.2001)(remandedtodetermineappropriatepunishmentbasedonsentencing  guidelinesratherthanapplicablestatutorymaximums). u UnitedStatesv.Jackson,240F.3d1245(10thCir.2001)(Errorsinsentencingbasedondrugquantitiesnotallegedin Z indictmentrequiredreversal.).   UnitedStatesv.Audain,254F.3d1286(11thCir.2001)(Districtcourterredinsentencingdefendantstolife I imprisonmentforconspiracytocommitmoneylaunderingbecausestatutecarriesamaximumsentenceoftwenty  h years). *  UnitedStatesv.Washington,255F.3d483(8thCir.2001)(Failuretoaffordonedefendantherrightofallocutionrequired Q resentencing). r  UnitedStatesv.Hollingsworth,257F.3d871(8thCir.2001)(Impositionofsentenceinexcessofstatutorymaximumwasnot " harmlesserror). a#  UnitedStatesv.Robertson,260F.3d500(6thCir.2001)(improperdeterminationofwhetherdefendantentitledtoadditional D% onepointreductionforacceptance.). & UnitedStatesv.LanderosGonzales,262F.3d424(5thCir.2001)(Texascriminalmischiefstatutewasnotcrimeofviolenceand 3!( thusnotan aggravatedfelonyforsentencingpurposes.). !T) UnitedStatesv.Shabazz,263F.3d603(6thCir.2001)(insufficientfactualfindingstosupportbaseoffenseleveldetermination). # + UnitedStatesv.Busekros,264F.3d1158(10thCir.2001)(Denialoffederalbenefitswaserrorbecausedefendantassistedwith %d"- twostateprosecutions.). %(#.      P    UnitedStatesv.Danser,270F.3d451(7thCir.2001)(Districtcourtcouldnotimposehighersentenceafterinitialsentencing.). S'$0 UnitedStatesv.Mulder,273F.3d91(2ndCir.2001)(sentencesremandedforparticularizedfindings (8&2 astoscopeofagreementoflaborleaderstoactionofmurdererinHobbsActprosecution). )&3 UnitedStatesv.Dixon,273F.3d636(5thCir.2001)(Sentencesexceededstatutorymaximum.). '+(5 UnitedStatesv.PortilloMendoza,273F.3d1224(9thCir.2001)(ImproperclassificationofDUI , *7 offensesasaggravatedoffenseswasplainerror.). s-*8  UnitedStatesv.Clark,274F.3d1325(11thCir.2001)(plainerrorfordistrictcourttoimposesentencethatwastwo .X,: thirdsthemandatorystatutoryminimum).[Ed.note:Thiscasewasappealedonaplainerrorissueraisedbythe  defendantclaimingerrorduringthepleacolloquy.TheGovernmentcrossappealedonthesentencingissuestated e above.AlthoughitisnotclearfromthedecisionwhethertheGovernmentwouldhaveappealedregardless,thiscase ' presentsagoodexampleofapossiblyilladvisedappealwhichresultedinalongersentencebyonethirdforthe F defendant.Caveatlitigator.].    UnitedStatesv.Burgos,276F.3d1284(11thCir.2001)(Districtcourtabuseditsdiscretionbypunishingdefendantfor 1 failingtocooperateinanunrelatedcase.).  P UnitedStatesv.Saenz,282F.3d354(5thCir.2002)(Leavetosupplementmotionattackingsentencerelativetodefendantsnot y   receivingpleaofferfromhistrialcounselshouldhavebeengranted.). =   _UnitedStatesv._Zillgitt_,286F.3d128(2ndCir.2002)(Fairnessandpublicreputationofjudicialproceedingswasseriously  "  affectedandwarrantedreversalforplainerrorwheresentencewasinexcessofstatutorymaximum.).   UnitedStatesv.Gordon,291F.3d181(2ndCir.2002)(Taxevasionandmailfraudcountsgroupedunderwrongguidelinewas n  plainerror;sentenceimproperlystructured;wheretotalpunishmentexceedsstatutorymaximumsonsomecounts,sentence 2  shouldbestructuredtoimposestatutorymaximumonallsuchcounts,imposethetotalpunishmentonthecountwithastatutory   maximumhigherthanthetotalpunishment,andrunthesentencesconsecutivelyonlytotheextentnecessarytoachievethetotal ]  punishment.). !~ UnitedStatesv.Osborne,291F.3d908(6thCir.2002)(violationofsentencingrulerequiringdistrictcourttoruleonany  objectionstopresentencereportandtomake,astoeachmattercontroverted,eitherafindingontheallegationora m determinationthatnofindingisnecessarybecausethecontrovertedmatterwillnotbetakenintoaccountin,orwillnotaffect, 1 sentencing). R UnitedStatesv.Williams,291F.3d1180(9thCir.2002)(Sentenceforinducinginterstatetraveltoengageinprostitution } exceededstatutorymaximum;  districtcourterredbyfailingtogivedefendantnoticeofintenttoimposeconsecutivesentences A andofupwarddeparture;determinationrequiredofwhetheroneofvictimswasuniquelyvulnerable.). b  UnitedStatesv.Vallejo,297F.3d1154(11thCir.2002)(insufficientfactualfindingstosupportsentencebasedupon  multiobjectconspiracy).  O UnitedStatesv.Campbell,300F.3d202(2ndCir.2002)(Errorsincalculatingsentencerequiredremand.). 2! UnitedStatesv._Quach_,302F.3d1096(9thCir.2002)(Governmentrequiredatsentencingtomakegoodfaithevaluationof ]# defendantsassistanceuptodateofsentencing.). !~$  UnitedStatesv._Prouty_,303F.3d1249(11thCir.2002)(Failuretoafforddefendantopportunityto_allocute_Ԁwasplain & error.).  k ' UnitedStatesv.Dixon,308F.3d229(3rdCir.2002)(Concurrent75monthsentencesexceeded60monthstatutorymaximum.). !N) UnitedStatesv.Ramon,310F.3d317(5thCir.2002)(Districtcourtsquestionastowhether therewasanythingelsethatyou y# + allwanttotalkaboutdidnotcomplywith_allocution_Ԁrule.). =$!, UnitedStatesv.McCoy,313F.3d561(D.C.Cir.2002)(Completionofprisontermdidnotmootissueofpropercalculationof %"#. sentence,evenwherenoobjectionwasraiseduntilremandfor_resentencing_.). &#/ UnitedStatesv.McCoy,313F.3d561(D.C.Cir.2002)(Completionofprisontermdidnotmootissueofpropercalculationof (n%1 sentence,evenwherenoobjectionwasraiseduntilremandfor_resentencing_.). (2&2 4> HO  5  TableofContents6O-  7 [ ]*'4  XLXSENTENCING% r %rABUSEOFTRUST#XXL# +@)6  UnitedStatesv._Jankowski_,194F.3d878(8thCir.1999)(defendantspositionasmessengerforarmoredcarcompanywasnot -*8  positionofpublicorprivatetrustwithinmeaningofsentencingguidelinesabuseofpositionoftrustenhancement). U.+9 ЇUnitedStatesv._Guidry_,199F.3d1150(10thCir.1999)(enhancementforabuseofpositionoftrustimproper).  UnitedStatesv._Tribble_,206F.3d634(6thCir.2000)(Postalwindowclerkdidnotholdpositionoftrust.). + UnitedStatesv.Humphrey,279F.3d372(6thCir.2002)(Enhancementofoffenselevelforabuseofpositionoftrustdidnot  applytodefendantbecauseasbankvaulttellershewasnotauthorizedtoexercisesubstantialprofessionalormanagerial w discretion.). ; UnitedStatesv._Hoskins_,282F.3d772(9thCir.2002)(Defendantspositionasaretailstoresecurityguardwasnota position   ofpublicorprivatetrustundertheguidelineprovision.).     UnitedStatesv.Morris,286F.3d1291(11thCir.2002)(Lackofattorneyclientrelationshipbetweenattorneyand  l  victimsofconspiracytodefraudprecludedenhancementforabuseofpositionoftrust.).   .  4@ HO  5  TableofContents6O  7  W   XLXSENTENCING%  ACCEPTANCEOFRESPONSIBILITY%#XXLZ# :   UnitedStatesv.Cohen,171F.3d796(3rdCir.1999)(remandedforfactualfindingsonissueofacceptanceofresponsibility).    UnitedStatesv.Wilson , 183F.3d1290(11thCir.1999)(erroneousbeliefthatcourtlackedauthoritytogrant2level n reductionforacceptanceofresponsibility). 4  UnitedStatesv.Rice,184F.3d740(8thCir.1999)(Courthasnodiscretiontodenyreductionforacceptanceofresponsibility [ wheredefendantmakestimelyannouncementofintenttopleadguilty).  |  UnitedStatesv._Zwick_,199F.3d672(3rdCir.1999)(factthatgovernmenthadtopreparefortrialdidnotforeclosedefendant  fromreceivingonepointreductioninoffenselevelforacceptanceofresponsibility).    i  UnitedStatesv.Cunningham,201F.3d20(1stCir.2000)(Defendantdidnothavetoadmitfactsofforfeitureinordertobe L eligibleforreductionforacceptanceofresponsibility.).    UnitedStatesv.Whitman,209F.3d619(6thCir.2000)(remandfor_resentencing_Ԁonissueofacceptanceofresponsibility). $  9    UnitedStatesv.CoronaGarcia,210F.3d973(9thCir.2000)(vacatedtogivedefendantadditionalpointforacceptanceof # responsibility). I$ UnitedStatesv.RamirezCortez,213F.3d1149(9thCir.2000)(MagistrateJudgefailedtomakefactualfindingsregarding .& excludingdelayfromSpeedyTrialActstimelimits;defendantwasentitledtoadditional1levelreductionforacceptanceof  ' responsibility).   Y!( UnitedStatesv.MateoMendez,215F.3d1039(9thCir.2000)(timelyandcompleteconfessionentitleddefendanttoadditional "> * 1levelreductionforacceptanceofresponsibility). #!+ UnitedStatesv._Eschman_,227F.3d886(7thCir.2000)(impropertouseonetooneconversionratioinconspiracyto -%"- manufacturemethamphetaminecasebecauseitwastheoreticallypos_sible_Ԁtoconvertprecursorchemicalsintosameamountof %N#. drug;alsoremandedforreconsiderationoffailuretogive3pointacceptanceorresponsibilityreduction). &$/ UnitedStatesv._Jeter_,236F.3d1032(9thCir.2001)(Guidelinesdonotcontemplateonlyonelevelreductionforacceptanceof =(%1 responsibility.). )^&2 UnitedStatesv.Banks,252F.3d801(6thCir.2001)(Postpleacriminalchargesdidnotprecludereductionforacceptanceof *'4 responsibility;failuretoprovidewrittenstatementofhisoffensesforpresentenceinvestigationreportwasnotdeliberate M+(5 refusaltocooperatewithgovernment.). ,n)6 UnitedStatesv.Rood,281F.3d353(2ndCir.2002)(Sincedefendantprovidedtimelyinformationtogovernmentabouthis -*8 involvementinoffense,hewasentitledtoadditionaloneleveldecreaseforacceptanceofresponsibility.). ].+9 /gR     UnitedStatesv.LealMendoza,281F.3d473(5thCir.2002)(Additionalonepointreductionforacceptanceofresponsibilityis g mandatoryifallstatutoryrequirementsaremet.). + UnitedStatesv.Cortes,299F.3d1030(9thCir.2002)(Proceedingtotrialdoesnotvelnonprecludereductionforacceptanceof  responsibility.). w UnitedStatesv.Gallant,306F.3d1181(1stCir.2002)(Districtcourtlackeddiscretiontodenyadditionalpointforacceptance \ ofresponsibilitywheredefendantwasfoundtohaveacceptedresponsibilityandwasawardedtwopoints.).   4B HO  5  TableofContents6O  7  K    XLXSENTENCING%  %CONCURRENT/CONSECUTIVE#XXL#  l   Jakev._Herschberger_,173F.3d1059(7thCir.1999)(defendantinstatecustodygivencreditforfederaltimerunningfromdate    stayofstateconvictionwasentered).     UnitedStatesv.Rose,185F.3d1108(10thCir.1999)(districtcourtmuststateinopencourtitsreasonsforimposing d  consecutive,ratherthanconcurrent,sentencesunder18U.S.C.3553_(c_)).  (   UnitedStatesv.Maria,186F.3d65(2ndCir.1999)(districtcourtretainsdiscretionunder_U.S.S.G._Ԁ5G1.3_(c_)tosentence Q concurrentlyorpartiallyconcurrentlywhendefendantcommitsafederaloffensewhileonfederalors_tate_Ԁprobation,parole,or r supervisedrelease,andsuchprobationparole,orsupervisedreleasehasbeenrevoked).  6  UnitedStatesv.Gonzalez,192F.3d350(2ndCir.1999)(improper backdatingofsentencetodateofstatearrest;co _ defendantentitledtocreditfortimealreadyservedwhileinfederalcustody). # Riosv.Wiley,201F.3d257(3rdCir.2000)(petitionerentitledtohabeasreliefunder_U.S.S.G._Ԁ5G1.3_(c_)andtocreditfortime  spentwhileawaitingwritofhabeascorpusad_prosequendum_). o _Romandine_Ԁv.UnitedStates,206F.3d731(7thCir.2000)(Districtcourtmaynotrequiresentencetorunconsecutivetoastate T sentencethatwillbeimposedinthefuture.).  UnitedStatesv.PenaLora,225F.3d18(1stCir.2000)(insufficientevidenceinhostagetakingconspiracyprosecution; C  mandatorysentencesforusingmultipleweaponsduringsinglecrimeofviolencecouldnotbeconsecutivetoeachother). d! UnitedStatesv.Swan,275F.3d272(3rdCir.2002)(Note6of_U.S.S.G._Ԁ5G1.3_(c_)doesnotmandateconsecutivesentencesfor # defendantwhocommitsoffensewhileonfederalorstateprobation,parole,orsupervisedrelease,onlythatconsecutive S$ sentences shouldbeimposed,leavingdiscretionwithdistrictcourt.). t% 4D HO  5  TableofContents6rO  7    ' XLXSENTENCING%  %lCRIMINALHISTORY#XXLA# %")  UnitedStatesv._DiPina_,178F.3d68(1stCir.1999)(priorjuveniledispositionsnotcountableincriminalhistorycalculation #0!+ unlesstantamounttoguiltyornolopleas).  $!,  UnitedStatesv.MartinezSantos,184F.3d196(2ndCir.1999)(priorcrimeserroneouslycharacterizedasnotvictimlessfor &z#. criminalhistorycalculation).  &>$/  UnitedStatesv.Carter,203F.3d187(2ndCir.2000)(pastmisdemeanorconvictionforharassmentcouldnotbecountedin g(%1 calculatingcriminalhistoryscore).  +)&2      P     X UnitedStatesv.Sanders,205F.3d549(2ndCir.2000)(priorminoroffenseof farebeatingshouldnothavebeenincludedin *(4 criminalhistoryscorecalculation). u+(5 UnitedStatesv.Johnson,205F.3d1197(9thCir.2000)(districtcourterredbyaddingfourcriminalhistorypointstoaccount ,Z*7 fortwopriorjuvenileconvictions). -+8 UnitedStatesv.Arnold,213F.3d894(5thCir.2000)(dateonwhichcitycourtsentencewaspronounced,notlaterdateon I/,: whichprobationwasrevokedandsentencebegan,wasdeterminingdateonissueofwhetherpriorsentencewasimposedwithin  0j-; tenyearssothatitcouldbeusedindeterminingcriminalhistoryscore).  UnitedStatesv.Morales,239F.3d113(2ndCir.2000)(NewYorkconvictionforsecond-degreeharassmentdidnotwarrant + criminalhistorypoint). P  L UnitedStatesv.Murphy,241F.3d447(6thCir.2001)(remandedforproperapplicationofcriminalhistorypointsfortwo w misdemeanorconvictions). ; UnitedStatesv.Hoover,246F.3d1054(7thCir.2001)(sentenceoftwodaysforresistingarrestwasnotatleast30days   imprisonmentoroneyearsprobationsoastojustifyadditionalcriminalhistorypoint).      UnitedStatesv.Miranda,248F.3d434(5thCir.2001)(remandbecausecriminalhistoryincorrectlycalculated).  l  UnitedStatesv.Robertson,260F.3d500(6thCir.2001)(Criminalhistorycalculationcouldnotincludeconvictionsmorethan   15yearsbeforecommissionofcurrentoffense;improperdeterminationofwhetherdefendantentitledtoadditionalonepoint [  reductionforacceptance.). |  UnitedStatesv.Knight,266F.3d203(3rdCir.2001)(plainlyerroneousmiscalculationofguidelinerangebasedonincorrect   criminalhistory). k  UnitedStatesv.Smith,278F.3d605(6thCir.2002)(Districtcourtcouldhavedeparteddownwardlyforoverrepresentationof P actualcriminalhistory.).  UnitedStatesv.ReyesMaya,305F.3d362(5thCir.2002)(Priormisdemeanorconvictionforcriminalmischiefshouldhave ? beenexcludedfromcriminalhistoryscore,anderrorwasnotharmless.). ` UnitedStatesv.Sims,309F.3d739(10thCir.2002)(improperextensionofcriminalhistoryfromCategoryVItohypothetical  CategoryIX). O 4F HO  5  TableofContents6O  7  4  XLXSENTENCING% ` %`CROSSREFERENCES#XXL# _  UnitedStatesv._Crandon_,173F.3d122(3rdCir.1999)(necessarytoconsiderdefendantsmotivationorpurposeintaking  j! photosbeforedeterminingapplicabilityofcrossreferenceforreceiptofchildpornography).  ."  UnitedStatesv.Smith,184F.3d415(5thCir.1999)(erroneousapplicationoffirstdegreemurderguidelineinconspiracyto W$ commit_kidnapping_Ԁcase). x% UnitedStatesv.Thomas,280F.3d1149(7thCir.2002)(Homicidecrossreferencewasnotwarrantedandwasplainerror.).  ' UnitedStatesv.Angle,234F.3d327(7thCir.2000)(Defendantdidnotreceiveproperapplicationofcross-referencetosexual +") abuseguideline.). "L * 4H HO  5  TableofContents6O  7  w$!,  XLXSENTENCING%  %DEPARTURES#XXLs# %Z#.   XLX%  %/DOWNWARD#XXL# '%0  UnitedStatesv._Paster_,173F.3d206(3rdCir.1999)(additionalonelevelreductioninsentenceforassistingininvestigation Y)&2 required;proportionalityconcernsrequiredremandasaresultof9levelupwarddeparture). *z'3 UnitedStatesv._Galvez_Ԅ_Falconi_,174F.3d255(2ndCir.1999)(districtcourthasauthoritytodepartdownwardbasedon +)5 defendantswillingnesstoconsenttodeportation). i,)6 UnitedStatesv._McMurtuary_,176F.3d959(7thCir.1999)(unjustifiedsentencingdisparitiesamongcoconspiratorsshould -N+8 havebeenconsideredbasisfordownwarddeparture). .,9  y/,: /VT X   UnitedStatesv._Aker_,181F.3d167(1stCir.1999)(remandforclarificationastobasisofdenialofdeparturebasedon  diminishedcapacity). g UnitedStatesv.Lahey,186F.3d272(2ndCir.1999)(sinceneitherbankfraudstatutenorstatuteprohibitingprobationfor L ClassBfeloniesprecludesasentenceimposingnojailterm,courtallowedtodepartfromsentencingguidelinesdespite  guidelinedirectingasentenceincludingatleastonemonthimprisonment). `  w UnitedStatesv.Rudolph,190F.3d720(6thCir.1999)(districtcourtmaydepartdownwardonthebasisofdefendantspost \ sentencerehabilitation).   UnitedStatesv._Debeir_,186F.3d561(4thCir.1999)(uniquepsychologicalcondition,unusualsusceptibilitytoabuseinprison, K   statusasresidentalien,employmentconsequences,negativepublicity,factthatdefendantwasnotapedophile,alleged  l  victimlessnatureofoffensedidnotwarrantdownwarddeparture).  0  UnitedStatesv.Thorpe,191F.3d339(2ndCir.1999)(incorrectbeliefbydistrictcourtthatGuidelinesrequiredadownward [  departurebeforenoncustodialprobationarysentencecouldbeimposed). |  UnitedStatesv.RodriguezLopez,198F.3d773(9thCir.1999)(absenceofgovernmentconsentdidnotnecessarilypreclude   downwarddepartureonbasisofdefendantsstipulationofdeportation). k  UnitedStatesv.Castillo_Casiano_,198F.3d787)(plainerrorfordistrictcourtnottoconsidernatureofaggravatedfelonywhich P resultedinincreasedbaseoffenselevelindecidingwhetherdownwarddepartureappropriate).  UnitedStatesv.Coleman,188F.3d354(6thCir.1999)(enbanc)(districtcourtmaygrantdownwarddeparturebasedupon ? governmentsimproperinvestigatorytechniques). ` UnitedStatesv._Daas_,198F.3d1167(9thCir.1999)(abuseofdiscretiontodenydownwarddepartureduetosentencing  disparitywithcodefendants). O UnitedStatesv.Bradstreet,207F.3d76(1stCir.2000)(Postsentencingrehabilitationmaybeusedtograntdownward 4 departureinasufficientlyexceptionalcase,citing_Koon_!firstimpression.).  UnitedStatesv.Buchanan,207F.3d344(6thCir.2000)(Districtcourtrequiredtoconsiderallegedwithdrawalfromconspiracy #  asgroundfordownwarddeparture;and,perconcurringjustice,dogsniffevidenceinadmissibleasunreliable.). D!       P UnitedStatesv.Ross,210F.3d916(8thCir.2000)(additionalfindingsnecessaryonissueofroleinoffense;downward m# departurenotsupportedbyfindingthatnotallwirefraudproceedswereputtofraudulentuseorbyperceivedsentencing 1$ guidelinesdisparity).  R%  UnitedStatesv.Patterson,215F.3d776(7thCir.2000)(counselsextendedabsencesfromtrial { ' warrantednewtrialforineffectiveassistance;remandrequiredtodetermineifsentencingjudgeunderstoodhehaddiscretionto ?!( departfromguidelineswhereheimposedlifesentence). "`) UnitedStatesv.Greer,223F.3d41(1stCir.2000)(remandtodetermineifcourthadimposeddownwarddeparture). # +  UnitedStatesv.Simpson,228F.3d1294(11thCir.2000)(plainerrorincalculationofdrugquantity;errorto %p"- downwardlydepartfromstatutorymandatoryminimumsentenceinabsenceofamotionbythegovernmentunder18 %2#. U.S.C.3553(e)orunlessdefendantfallswithinprovisionsofsafetyvalvestatute,18U.S.C.3553(f)).  &#/ UnitedStatesv.White,240F.3d127(1stCir.2001)(drugdistributioncounts_duplicative_,fordoublejeopardypurposes,of (z%1 countcharging,onsameconduct,distributionwithin1,000feetofschool;remandforconsiderationofwhetherappropriatecase (>&2 fordownwarddeparturefrommandatorystackingprovisionsof_U.S.S.G._Ԁ5G1.2). )'3 UnitedStatesv.Lewis,249F.3d793(8thCir.2001)(remandedfor_resentencing_Ԁbecausecourtcouldnotdeterminewhether -+(5 districtcourtthoughtithadauthoritytodepartfor lesserharms,i.e.thatdefendantpawnedguntopaybills,becausethiswas +N)6 nottypeofevilenvisionedbyCongresswhenitenacted922(a)(6)and922(g)(1)). ,*7 UnitedStatesv.Walter,256F.3d891(9thCir.2001)(Childhoodabusewasextraordinaryandcouldconstitutebasisfor =.+9 downwarddeparture).  UnitedStatesv.Rodriguez_Montelongo_,263F.3d429(5thCir.2001)(Culturalassimilationispermissiblebasisfordownward + departureinalienreentrycase.). L  UnitedStatesv.Carty,264F.3d191(2ndCir.2001)(Downwarddeparturecouldbebaseduponseverepresentence u confinementconditions.). 9 UnitedStatesv.Powell,269F.3d175(3rdCir.2001)(Ifdownwarddeparturemaybebasedoneitherdiscretionaryorlegal  grounds,properprocedureistoremandtodistrictcourttoclarifybasisfordeparture.).    UnitedStatesv.Gonzalez,281F.3d38(2ndCir.2002)(Spontaneityisnotasubsetoflimiteddurationfactororsignificant  j  planningfactorwithrespecttoissueofaberrantconductsothatdistrictcourtshouldhaveconsideredwhetherdownward  .  departurewaswarrantedbecausedefendantsbehaviorwas,insomesignificantdegree,spontaneous.)   UnitedStatesv._Lukse_,286F.3d906(6thCir.2002)(Governmentwasboundbypleaagreementtofiledownwarddeparture z  motiondespitefactsthatdefendantswereseensmokingmarijuanainjailpriortosentencing.). >  UnitedStatesv.Harris,293F.3d863(5thCir.2002)(Becausevictimprovokedoffensivebehavior,downwarddeparturewas i  appropriate.). - UnitedStatesv._Dominguez_,296F.3d192(3rdCir.2002)(Grantofdownwarddepartureisdiscretionarywhereunusualor  extraordinaryeffectonfamilymembers.). y      P     X UnitedStatesv.Downing,297F.3d52(2ndCir.2002)(Denialofdownwardadjustmentofsentenceonbasisoffailureto ^ completeactsnecessarytocarryoutsubstantiveoffensewaserroneousinprosecutionforconspiracytocommitwirefraudand " securitiesfraud.).  UnitedStatesv.Carr,303F.3d539(4thCir.2002)(Wheredistrictcourterroneouslydeterminesithasnoauthorityto n downwardlydepart,remandisrequired.). 2 UnitedStatesv.Truman,304F.3d586(6thCir.2002)(Districtcourthaddiscretiontodepartfordefendantsassistancewhich ] didnotinvolveinvestigationorprosecutionofanotherperson.). !~  UnitedStatesv._Mansoori_,304F.3d635(7thCir.2002)(Allegedlydiminishedmentalcapacityispossiblegroundfordownward " departureincocaineconspiracycase.). m# UnitedStatesv._Kushner_,305F.3d194(3rdCir.2002)(Thatdefendants intendedloss_overrepresented_Ԁtheseriousnessofhis R% offenseisgroundfordownwarddeparture.). & UnitedStatesv.Parish,308F.3d1025(9thCir.2002)(downwarddepartureupheldinchildpornographycasewheredistrict A!( courtdetermineddefendantsstature,demeanorandnaiveterenderedhimsusceptibletoabusewhileinprison). "b) UnitedStatesv._Silleg_,311F.3d557(2ndCir.2002)(Diminishedcapacitymayformbasisofdownwarddepartureinchild # + pornographycase;districtcourtmayhavemisapprehendeditsauthoritytodownwardlydepart.).[Ed.note:Ofcourse,the Q$!, _Feeney_ԀAmendmenthaschangedthis.]. %r"- 4K HO  5  TableofContents6>O&>  7 T>  &#/   XLX% } %}?UPWARD#XXL># #(%1  UnitedStatesv.Davis,170F.3d618(6thCir.1999)(fourlevelupwarddepartureforextremeconductimproper).  ).'3  UnitedStatesv._Checora_,175F.3d782(10thCir.1999)(departuresforextremeconductnotadequatelysupported;restitution W+(5 ordernotsupportedbysufficientevidence).  ,x)6  UnitedStatesv.Warren,186F.3d358(3rdCir.1999)(largequantitiesofdrugspossessedbydefendantdidnotwarrantupward -*8 departurewheredefendantdidntintendanyonetoconsumethedrugs;statementin_PSR_Ԁaboutdefendantspurportedother e.+9 _cV X   criminalactivitieswastooambiguousandattenuatedtosupportupwarddeparture).  UnitedStatesv.Stevens,192F.3d263(2ndCir.1999)(inadequatereasonsforupwarddeparturefromrecommendedsupervised + releaseterm). L UnitedStatesv.Holmes,193F.3d200(3rdCir.1999)(upwarddepartureforextraordinaryabuseoftrustupheld;properfactual w inquirynotmadebeforedeterminingrestitutionamount). ;       P     X      ` UnitedStatesv.Lawton,193F.3d1087(9thCir.1999)(upwarddeparturebasedonthesuspectedbutunchargedrealoffense  conductofassaultwasplainerror).     UnitedStatesv.Medford,194F.3d419(3rdCir.1999)(Selectionofmidpointbetweenhighandlowestimatesofstolenitems  h  fairmarketvalue,asmeasureofloss,wasarbitrary;upwarddeparturewasimproperabsentnoticetodefendants;upward  ,  departurebasedoncultural,nonmonetaryvalueofstolenitemswasproper.). `    UnitedStatesv.Cones,195F.3d941(7thCir.1999)(unusuallyhighpurityofheroindidnotjustifyupwarddeparture). x  UnitedStatesv._Bartsma_,198F.3d1191(10thCir.1999)(failuretojustifydegreeofupwarddeparture;reasonable_presentence_   noticenecessarytoimposespecialconditionofreleaserequiringregistrationassexoffender). g   UnitedStatesv._Hunerlach_,258F.3d1282(11thCir.2001)(Upwarddeparturefromcriminalhistorycategorycannotbe L basedonconductwhichconstitutedrelevantconductalreadyconsideredincomputingbaseoffenselevel.).  !    UnitedStatesv.Hanson,264F.3d988(10thCir.2001)(Upwarddeparturefromseconddegreemurderrangeongroundsthat 5 murderwaspremeditatedwasprecluded.).  V  UnitedStatesv.Smith,267F.3d1154(D.C.Cir.2001)(Upwarddeparturebasedonpriorunchargedconductwasnot  warranted.).  C  UnitedStatesv._Olabanji_,268F.3d636(9thCir.2001)(WherecourtupwardlydepartedfromChapter7sentencingguidelinesin & imposingsentencefollowingrevocationofprobation,courterredinfailingtoconsiderguidelinerangeofunderlyingoffenseof  conviction.).  Q  UnitedStatesv.Hannah,268F.3d937(10thCir.2001)(inadequatebasisforupwarddepartureonrecord).  4!  UnitedStatesv.Martinez,274F.3d897(5thCir.2001)(improperupwarddeparturesimposingconsecutivesentencesbeyond ]# guidelinerangeandstatutorymaximum). !~$ UnitedStatesv.Martin,278F.3d988(9thCir.2002)(Recidivismcouldnotformbasisforoffenseleveldepartureunderthe & Guidelines.). m '  UnitedStatesv.Cade,279F.3d265(5thCir.2002)(Districtcourtsuseofstatesentencesasrelevantconductdidnotjustify !R) upwarddepartureongroundthatcriminalhistorycategorydidnotadequatelyreflectseriousnessofpastcriminalconduct.).  " *  UnitedStatesv.Guzman,282F.3d177(2ndCir.2002)(Whenconsideringupwarddepartureforfailureofguidelinetoreflect ?$!, seriousnessoftheoffense,courtimproperlyappliedanalogousguidelineforbriberywhereitshouldhavestartedwithbase %`"- offenseleveloftheoffenseofconviction,andonlythen,inexerciseofitsdiscretion,appliedtheanalogousguidelinefor %$#. upwarddeparture.).  &#/  UnitedStatesv.Walker,284F.3d1169(10thCir.2002)(Despitedefendantsextensivecriminalhistory,sevenlevelupward (n%1 departurewasnotjustifiedbyreasonedexplanationbydistrictcourt.).  (2&2  UnitedStatesv.Diaz,285F.3d92(1stCir.2002)(Districtcourtsfailuretogivenoticeofupwarddeparturebasedon [*'4 inadequacyofcriminalhistorycategoryandindeterminingthatconductposedasubstantialriskofdeathorbodilyinjuryto +|(5 multitudeofvictimswarrantedremand.).  +@)6  UnitedStatesv.Cross,289F.3d476(7thCir.2002)(impropermethodologyindepartingupwardlyforinadequacyofcriminal i-*8 historycategorywheredistrictcourtfailedtotailorthedeparturebyincreasingtheoffenselevelinresponsetoextracriminal -.+9 historypoints).  .N,: Ї UnitedStatesv._Hurlich_,293F.3d1223(10thCir.2002)(insufficientevidencetosupportsentencingenhancementfor  possessionoffirearminconnectionwithanotherfelonyoffense;failuretoarticulatereasonsfordegreeofupwarddeparture).  g  UnitedStatesv._Cicirello_,301F.3d135(3rdCir.2002)(Districtcourterredinsinglestepadjustmentinupwardlydeparting J basedonhypotheticalscenarioinsteadofproceedingsequentially.).    UnitedStatesv.Spring,305F.3d276(4thCir.2002)(errorindepartingupwardwithoutpriornoticetodefendant). 7  UnitedStatesv.Booth,309F.3d566(9thCir.2002)(Impositionofupwarddepartureforvictimsdesperationwasbarred